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Sökning: WFRF:(Lagerström Katarina) > (2020-2021)

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1.
  • Arora-Jonsson, Stefan, Professor, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Competition unbundled : taking stock and looking forward
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Competition. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780192898012 - 9780191924460 ; , s. 221-236
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In this final chapter, we discuss how the preceding chapters illuminate some fundamental questions about competition. How is it constructed? How are the behaviours resulting from competition managed? What are the consequences of competition? How can competition be removed? And, how do these factors vary with the good people compete for? Our aim is to provide an outline of a social science research programme on competition that is long overdue. A central message of the book is that competition seems ubiquitous but that it should not be taken for granted or be naturalized as an inevitable aspect of human existence. Its emergence, maintenance, and change are often the result of intention and purposive efforts, and a central challenge for social science is to learn more about these developments.
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2.
  • Competition : What it is and Why it Happens
  • 2021
  • Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The spread of competition into all areas of society is one of the master trends of modern society. Yet, social scientists have played a surprisingly modest role in the analysis of its implications as the discussion of competition has largely been confined to the narrow context of economic markets. This book opens up competition for the study of social scientists. The central message of the book is that competition seems ubiquitous but it should not be taken for granted or be naturalized as an inevitable aspect of human existence. Its emergence, maintenance, and change are based on institutions and organizational efforts, and a central challenge for social science is to learn more about these processes and their outcomes. With the use of a novel definition of competition, more fundamental questions can be addressed than merely whether or not competition works. How is competition constructed—and by whom? Which institutional and organizational foundations need to be considered? Which behaviours result from competition? What are its consequences? Can competition be removed? And, how do these factors vary with the object of competition—be it money, attention, status, or other scarce and desired objects? The chapters in the book investigate these and more questions in studies of competition among and within schools, universities, multinational corporations, auditors, waste-disposal firms, and fashion designers and users. The chapters are written by scholars from several social science fields: management, organization studies, sociology, anthropology, and education.
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3.
  • Gorgijevski, Alexander N., 1991- (författare)
  • Enter the Dragon : Toward a Micro-political View on Subsidiary Initiatives
  • 2021
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Subsidiary initiatives are proactive, entrepreneurial activities that arise locally without central directives or planning from headquarters. Prior research suggests that subsidiary initiatives are crucial to multinational corporations’ (MNCs) success in foreign locations as they hold the potential to enhance local responsiveness, worldwide learning, and global integration by the leveraging of new knowledge. However, subsidiary-driven initiatives are often met with resistance in the corporate structure, by virtue of headquarters’ limited capacity to pay attention to all stimuli, initiative misalignment to the MNC, or overall self-interest-seeking behavior. Against this background, the MNC is conceptualized as a ‘politicized forum’ where subsidiary managers strategize initiatives upwards. Consequently, a micro-political process emerges from subsidiary managers’ proactive activities. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the role of micro-politics play in earning headquarters approval of subsidiary initiatives and how these actions may lead to increased subsidiary influence in the MNC.The empirical material consists of proprietary survey and interview data on MNC subsidiaries in Sweden. The primary respondents and informants have been top subsidiary managers, seen as the senior directors of the subsidiary and the MNCs’ top representatives in the local environment. The empirical findings, triangulated through different methodological approaches, illustrate subsidiary initiatives as complex phenomenon. The study implies that headquarters’ approval of subsidiary initiatives is contingent on several key managerial activities, as well as relational- and contextual conditions. Overall, the results lend support for the value of attracting headquarters’ attention in order for initiatives to gain traction and eventually become accepted in the MNC. Attention to initiatives is captivated by the socio-political navigation of subsidiary managers, such as their engagement in initiative-selling. Establishing credibility at headquarters through attention-building activities may also result in increased subsidiary strategic influence.This thesis shows that initiatives that challenge the status quo of the MNC may initially be rejected, but are able to ‘survive’ due to a variety of micro-political behaviors of individual managers. Furthermore, the thesis also explicates different combinatory effects on the pathways to initiative acceptance. The thesis extends the subsidiary management literature by providing nuance to the theoretical understanding of key underlying mechanisms and their effects on subsidiary-focused outcomes. Establishing subsidiary managers as ‘strategizers’ and conceptualizing the subsidiary initiative process from a micro-political view contributes to the theoretical understanding of subsidiary initiatives in the MNC by complementing traditional evolutionary perspectives.
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4.
  • Hult, G. Tomas M., et al. (författare)
  • The theoretical evolution and use of the Uppsala Model of internationalization in the international business ecosystem
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 51:1, s. 38-49
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Uppsala Model - typically viewed as an internationalization process model, an internationalization stages model, or a sequential internationalization model - has served as a theoretical underpinning in the international business literature since Johanson and Vahlne's (J Int Bus Stud 8(1):23-32, 1977) article incorporated thoughts by researchers at Uppsala University in one all-encompassing model. Major updates to the model were published in 2009 and 2017 by the original authors. Our work examines what has now become the time-tested and Decade Award-winning 2009 version of the Uppsala Model relative to the original model in 1977. We also provide an outlook for international business research within the scope of the 2017 version of the model. This evaluation and dive across times into the nuances of the Uppsala Model capture aspects of the model's theoretical and empirical power, as well as its limitations within today's international business ecosystem. (The international business ecosystem is defined as the organisms of the business world - including stakeholders, organizations, and countries - involved in exchanges, production, business functions, and cross-border trade through both marketplace competition and cooperation.) In the process, we push the theoretical boundaries of the model and provide a unique connection to marketing thought.
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5.
  • Jakobsson, Johan, et al. (författare)
  • Refining a subsidiary evolution framework : clarifying key concepts
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Review of International Business and Strategy. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2059-6014 .- 2059-6022. ; 31:2, s. 281-296
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: While the evolution of subsidiaries has received considerable research attention, the framework for understanding it has not evolved much since the late 1990s. The purpose of this paper is to add both clarity and depth to the work on the foundations for - as well as the processes of - capability creation and development as a subsidiary evolves.Design/methodology/approach: This conceptual paper takes as its point of departure the micro-foundation literature, with a specific emphasis on the capability development literature. To describe capability creation and development, both the resource-based view and the resource management perspective are used here.Findings: The paper adds a conceptual layer to the drivers of subsidiary evolution. To add further clarity regarding how capabilities are actually formed, the resources for capability creation and development are specified herein as entities, abilities and capacity. Arguments are also presented for why capabilities ought to be viewed as patterned behavior to decrease the terminological ambiguity surrounding the concept of capabilities. The process of capability creation and development with an emphasis on learning is brought forward. Further, capability typologies, in terms of substantive, managerial and dynamic capabilities, are presented to add specificity to the kinds of capabilities that are created and developed within a subsidiary.Originality/value: Clarifying the concept of capability and how capabilities are formed by using advancements in the literature is important to add precision to the literature on the evolution of subsidiaries.
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6.
  • Lagerström, Katarina, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Cooperating while competing in multinational corporations
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Competition: What it is and Why it Happens. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780192898012 - 0192652869 ; , s. 176-188
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this chapter we investigate the organization of competition among subunits in multinational corporations (MNCs) with the intent to explore how headquarters encourages and organizes for competition and when and why competition is handled by subunits that cooperate. The organization of competition by headquarters among the subunits is characterized by special conditions due to the formal hierarchical organization and access to legitimate tools to instil competition. Competition arises around three sources: allocation of resources, system position and headquarters attention, and the allocation of subsidiary mandates. Empirical findings from six MNCs are used to illustrate the adoption of cooperative and non-cooperative behaviours among subunits as outcomes of headquarters implementation of different tools to organize for competition. The findings also show that headquarters is not only a fourth-but also a third-party as it adjudicates many of the competitive situations that it organizes among its units.
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7.
  • Lagerström, Katarina, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Outsidership vs insidership – internationalization of health-care SMEs
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 36:11, s. 2025-2036
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: The paper aims to explore how small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the health-care sector overcome the liability of being an outsider, instead of gaining a position as an insider in new networks in markets abroad and subsequently internationalizing. The following research questions are posed: How do firms in complex health-care markets build network relationships? How is business market knowledge developed and legitimacy acquired to overcome the liability of outsidership?Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses a multiple-case methodology in a nested case study of health-care SMEs, which allows for in-depth study of the importance of network relationships, business market knowledge development and legitimacy building to enter a target market; the study maps the activities and different actor roles as the entry process unfolds. The study draws on empirical evidence from 13 companies as well as industry and interest organizations.Findings: The results provide support for process-based explanations of how, but also of why the internationalization of health-care SMEs takes place in distinctive sequential phases, where it is necessary to complete one phase before it is possible to embark on the next. The study answers the calls for more empirical studies capturing how firms actively enter networks to overcome the liability of outsidership, become insiders and subsequently internationalize.Originality/value: The principal contribution of the authors’ study is to add to the body of research on internationalization and advance the understanding of how to build an insidership position in relevant networks by overcoming the liability of outsidership. By choosing to study firms in the health-care sector, the authors also contribute to the limited research on firms entering markets characterized by a high level of complexity.
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8.
  • Schweizer, Roger, 1971, et al. (författare)
  • Headquarters–subsidiary interaction during the introduction of a value product in India
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Asian Business & Management. - : Springer Nature. - 1472-4782 .- 1476-9328. ; 20, s. 666-688
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In India, it has become imperative for multinational corporations (MNCs) to succeed in the value segment. Based on a longitudinal case study of Volvo Bus and understanding the introduction of a value product as a subsidiary initiative, we take an internal perspective highlighting the interaction between the headquarters and the local subsidiary. We find that recurring resistance of the corporate immune system—as a political intervention or lack of resources and support—is a major hindrance for the introduction of a value product; this results in the MNC distancing itself from the value product opportunity over time.
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9.
  • Schweizer, Roger, et al. (författare)
  • The evolution of MNCs' R&D foreign units : the case of Swedish MNCs in India
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Cross cultural & strategic management. - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 2059-5794 .- 2059-5808. ; 27:3, s. 365-388
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: The article aims to explain how the drivers of subsidiary evolution influence a multinational company's (MNC) research and development (R&D) subsidiary's evolution over time.Design/methodology/approach: The article draws on insights from a longitudinal comparative case study of three Swedish MNCs' Indian R&D units.Findings: The study shows that the evolution of R&D units is a triangular showdown among headquarter assignments, local market constraints, and opportunities, and that subsidiary choice is an important driver of both mandated extension and stagnation. We summarize our findings in various propositions that emphasize different drivers over time and that highlight the strong impact of a subsidiary's understanding of the corporate immune system on the evolution of that subsidiary's R&D mandate.Research limitations/implications: Drawing on the common limitations of a case study approach, further research is needed to test the suggested propositions with larger samples, ideally with subsidiaries in other emerging and developed markets.Practical implications: The study illustrates the risks involved for subsidiary managers when pushing an R&D mandate-related initiative too far and provoking the corporate immune system. For headquarters management, the study highlights the importance of understanding that the development of R&D competence and capability at a subsidiary cannot be guided solely by headquarter assignments and local market characteristics; rather, the subsidiary's initiatives also need to be considered.Originality/value: The study contributes to the literature on R&D internationalization by showing how the drivers of subsidiary evolution influence a subsidiary's R&D mandates over time and that subsidiary choice is an important driver of both mandated extension and stagnation.
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10.
  • Schweizer, Roger, 1971, et al. (författare)
  • Understanding a demerger process: The divorce metaphor
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 36:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • © 2020 Elsevier Ltd This article contributes to the literature on mergers and acquisitions that hitherto has neglected the demerger of previously merged/acquired firms by offering a process description. To provide structure and deliver insights into such a process, we apply the metaphor of a divorce process and use insights from a case study—namely, the demerger between Ford Motor Company and Volvo Cars Corporation. Our findings suggest that a demerger process of previously merged/acquired firms can be divided into six phases: disillusionment, erosion, detachment, physical separation, mourning, and second adolescence/hard work. The motives for the initial merger or acquisition and the degree of integration are possible factors argued to play a major role in the identified phases during the demerger.
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