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Sökning: WFRF:(Lantz Maria) > (2015-2019)

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1.
  • Ahmed, Niaz, et al. (författare)
  • Consensus statements and recommendations from the ESO-Karolinska Stroke Update Conference, Stockholm 11-13 November 2018.
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: European Stroke Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 2396-9873 .- 2396-9881. ; 4:4, s. 307-317
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of the European Stroke Organisation-Karolinska Stroke Update Conference is to provide updates on recent stroke therapy research and to give an opportunity for the participants to discuss how these results may be implemented into clinical routine. The meeting started 22 years ago as Karolinska Stroke Update, but since 2014 it is a joint conference with European Stroke Organisation. Importantly, it provides a platform for discussion on the European Stroke Organisation guidelines process and on recommendations to the European Stroke Organisation guidelines committee on specific topics. By this, it adds a direct influence from stroke professionals otherwise not involved in committees and work groups on the guideline procedure. The discussions at the conference may also inspire new guidelines when motivated. The topics raised at the meeting are selected by the scientific programme committee mainly based on recent important scientific publications. This year's European Stroke Organisation-Karolinska Stroke Update Meeting was held in Stockholm on 11-13 November 2018. There were 11 scientific sessions discussed in the meeting including two short sessions. Each session except the short sessions produced a consensus statement (Full version with background, issues, conclusions and references are published as web-material and at www.eso-karolinska.org and http://eso-stroke.org) and recommendations which were prepared by a writing committee consisting of session chair(s), scientific secretary and speakers. These statements were presented to the 250 participants of the meeting. In the open meeting, general participants commented on the consensus statement and recommendations and the final document were adjusted based on the discussion from the general participants Recommendations (grade of evidence) were graded according to the 1998 Karolinska Stroke Update meeting with regard to the strength of evidence. Grade A Evidence: Strong support from randomised controlled trials and statistical reviews (at least one randomised controlled trial plus one statistical review). Grade B Evidence: Support from randomised controlled trials and statistical reviews (one randomised controlled trial or one statistical review). Grade C Evidence: No reasonable support from randomised controlled trials, recommendations based on small randomised and/or non-randomised controlled trials evidence.
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  • Arndt, D. S., et al. (författare)
  • State of the Climate in 2016
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 98:8, s. S1-S280
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In 2016, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued to increase and reach new record highs. The 3.5 +/- 0.1 ppm rise in global annual mean carbon dioxide from 2015 to 2016 was the largest annual increase observed in the 58-year measurement record. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface surpassed 400 ppm (402.9 +/- 0.1 ppm) for the first time in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800000 years. One of the strongest El Nino events since at least 1950 dissipated in spring, and a weak La Nina evolved later in the year. Owing at least in part to the combination of El Nino conditions early in the year and a long-term upward trend, Earth's surface observed record warmth for a third consecutive year, albeit by a much slimmer margin than by which that record was set in 2015. Above Earth's surface, the annual lower troposphere temperature was record high according to all datasets analyzed, while the lower stratospheric temperature was record low according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Mexico and India, reported record high annual temperatures while many others observed near-record highs. A week-long heat wave at the end of April over the northern and eastern Indian peninsula, with temperatures surpassing 44 degrees C, contributed to a water crisis for 330 million people and to 300 fatalities. In the Arctic the 2016 land surface temperature was 2.0 degrees C above the 1981-2010 average, breaking the previous record of 2007, 2011, and 2015 by 0.8 degrees C, representing a 3.5 degrees C increase since the record began in 1900. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 24 March, the sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, tying with 2015 at 7.2% below the 1981-2010 average. The September 2016 Arctic sea ice minimum extent tied with 2007 for the second lowest value on record, 33% lower than the 1981-2010 average. Arctic sea ice cover remains relatively young and thin, making it vulnerable to continued extensive melt. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which has the capacity to contribute similar to 7 m to sea level rise, reached a record low value. The onset of its surface melt was the second earliest, after 2012, in the 37-year satellite record. Sea surface temperature was record high at the global scale, surpassing the previous record of 2015 by about 0.01 degrees C. The global sea surface temperature trend for the 21st century-to-date of +0.162 degrees C decade(-1) is much higher than the longer term 1950-2016 trend of +0.100 degrees C decade(-1). Global annual mean sea level also reached a new record high, marking the sixth consecutive year of increase. Global annual ocean heat content saw a slight drop compared to the record high in 2015. Alpine glacier retreat continued around the globe, and preliminary data indicate that 2016 is the 37th consecutive year of negative annual mass balance. Across the Northern Hemisphere, snow cover for each month from February to June was among its four least extensive in the 47-year satellite record. Continuing a pattern below the surface, record high temperatures at 20-m depth were measured at all permafrost observatories on the North Slope of Alaska and at the Canadian observatory on northernmost Ellesmere Island. In the Antarctic, record low monthly surface pressures were broken at many stations, with the southern annular mode setting record high index values in March and June. Monthly high surface pressure records for August and November were set at several stations. During this period, record low daily and monthly sea ice extents were observed, with the November mean sea ice extent more than 5 standard deviations below the 1981-2010 average. These record low sea ice values contrast sharply with the record high values observed during 2012-14. Over the region, springtime Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion was less severe relative to the 1991-2006 average, but ozone levels were still low compared to pre-1990 levels. Closer to the equator, 93 named tropical storms were observed during 2016, above the 1981-2010 average of 82, but fewer than the 101 storms recorded in 2015. Three basins-the North Atlantic, and eastern and western North Pacific-experienced above-normal activity in 2016. The Australian basin recorded its least active season since the beginning of the satellite era in 1970. Overall, four tropical cyclones reached the Saffir-Simpson category 5 intensity level. The strong El Nino at the beginning of the year that transitioned to a weak La Nina contributed to enhanced precipitation variability around the world. Wet conditions were observed throughout the year across southern South America, causing repeated heavy flooding in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Wetter-than-usual conditions were also observed for eastern Europe and central Asia, alleviating the drought conditions of 2014 and 2015 in southern Russia. In the United States, California had its first wetter-than-average year since 2012, after being plagued by drought for several years. Even so, the area covered by drought in 2016 at the global scale was among the largest in the post-1950 record. For each month, at least 12% of land surfaces experienced severe drought conditions or worse, the longest such stretch in the record. In northeastern Brazil, drought conditions were observed for the fifth consecutive year, making this the longest drought on record in the region. Dry conditions were also observed in western Bolivia and Peru; it was Bolivia's worst drought in the past 25 years. In May, with abnormally warm and dry conditions already prevailing over western Canada for about a year, the human-induced Fort McMurray wildfire burned nearly 590000 hectares and became the costliest disaster in Canadian history, with $3 billion (U.S. dollars) in insured losses.
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  • Lantz, Elin L., et al. (författare)
  • Premorbid BMI predicts binge-purge symptomatology among individuals with anorexia nervosa
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Eating Disorders. - : Wiley. - 0276-3478 .- 1098-108X. ; 50:7, s. 852-855
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: A finding consistent with the transdiagnostic approach to eating disorders is that about half of those with restricting anorexia nervosa (AN) eventually undergo a transition to the binge/purge (BP) subtype or to bulimia nervosa. Given evidence that individuals with bulimic symptoms exhibit elevated weights premorbidly, we tested the hypothesis that among those with AN, highest premorbid BMI would predict which individuals with AN would develop AN-BP. Method: The current study used longitudinal data from a community sample of adolescents with AN in Sweden. Premorbid weights were obtained from growth charts, and participants were re-assessed at 6, 10, and 18 years after first presentation with AN. Results: A greater highest premorbid BMI z score predicted a greater likelihood of developing binge/purge symptoms over 18 years. Discussion: Among individuals who develop an eating disorder, premorbid BMI may be implicated in the type and course of the eating disorder that emerges.
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7.
  • Lantz, Maria (författare)
  • Aspects of migraine and patent foramen ovale in ischemic stroke
  • 2017
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide, and only in Sweden approximately 25 000 individuals suffer from stroke each year. This thesis focuses on two common conditions; migraine and patent foramen ovale (PFO) and their role in stroke. Migraine is a common primary headache disorder, affecting approximately 11-13 % of the population with a 3:1 female preponderance. One third of the patients have an initial aura of neurological symptoms before the headache, and clinically migraine can be divided into migraine with and without aura. The pathophysiological mechanisms are highly complex, and involve cortical spreading depression (CSD) as the substrate for migraine aura, and activation of the trigeminovascular system causing the headache. PFO is an inborn anomaly, a remnant from the fetal circulation, that is prevalent in approximately 25 % of the population. PFO enables shunting of venous blood to the arterial circulation, bypassing the pulmonary system and enables paradoxial embolization. PFO is associated with ischemic stroke, as well as migraine with aura. The reason for the latter is unknown, but may relate to micro-embolisms through a PFO triggering migraine attacks. For decades, migraine has been suggested as a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular disease. The risk seems to be mostly related to migraine with aura, female gender and young age. The reasons for this are still unknown and probably multifactorial. Different theories involve increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among migraineurs, co-existence of other co-morbid conditions increasing the risk for stroke (i.e. PFO and cervical artery dissection), and association to endothelial dysfunction with subsequent hypercoagulability and decreased vascular reactivity. Migraine with aura may also be associated with a phenotype, leading to an increased susceptibility for CSD, and an increased sensitivity to cerebral ischemia. This thesis involves four different projects concerning PFO and migraine in relation to stroke. The projects are performed in stroke populations (Study I-III) and in a population-based twin sample (Study IV). In Study I, patients with ischemic stroke investigated with transesophageal echocardiography were included (N=117), and dichotomized depending on the co-existence of a PFO. The prevalence of PFO was 11.9 %. Patients were analyzed regarding cardiovascular risk factors and allele frequency of 100 different genetic markers, previously associated with cerebrovascular disease. Four genetic markers, located in the Prothrombin-, Selectin E- and Apolipoprotein C III- genes, were significantly associated with PFO. The strongest association was for Prothrombin 20210 G/A (p= 0.0049), which is a marker associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism. There were no differences regarding risk factors in the two groups. In Study II, patients with a diagnosis of TIA, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, admitted to the stroke ward during a six-month period, were included (N=175). Prevalence of migraine was investigated using a structured questionnaire, and patients were analyzed regarding cardiovascular risk factors and clinical characteristics of their stroke, depending on co-existing migraine or not. The prevalence of migraine was 20 %, which is comparable to prevalence estimates in the general population. However, migraine with aura was more prevalent than expected (61 % of those with migraine). Migraine was associated with PFO. Most stroke patients had a favorable outcome after stroke and there was no difference in stroke severity depending on migraine status. In Study III, patients with cryptogenic stroke and PFO, planned for closure of their PFO (N=20) or on medical treatment only (N=7), were included. Patients were followed prospectively from baseline to six month after closure. Fifty percent of the patients had co-existing migraine, whereof the majority had migraine with aura (84.6 %). Endothelial dysfunction was assessed at baseline and after one day, one month and six months. A majority of patients had an impaired endothelial function at baseline, but there was no change after PFO closure. In a few patients, migraine frequency was impacted after closure with a distinct increase in migraine attacks after the procedure. At a second, long-time follow-up, the majority of patients were improved regarding frequency of migraine attacks. In Study IV, the risk for stroke related to migraine was investigated in a population from the Swedish Twin Registry (N=53 404). A diagnose of migraine with or without aura was identified through a symptom based algorithm. The twins were followed longitudinally for more than 10 years for the outcome of stroke, using data from national patient registries. There was no general increased risk for stroke associated with migraine, but twins with migraine with aura had a border-significant 27 % increased risk for stroke. Further analysis suggested that this could be impacted by familial factors. However, in comparison with previous studies, our results showed a considerably weaker association to stroke related to migraine.
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  • Lantz, Maria (författare)
  • En gåta om skönhet och nytta
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Glänta. - Göteborg : Glänta produktion. - 1104-5205. ; :3-4, s. 111-114
  • Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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  • Lantz, Maria (författare)
  • Ett radikalt omtänkande? = Radical Rethinking?
  • 2015. - 1
  • Ingår i: Radical Re Re Re Re Re Rethinking. - Stockholm : Konstfack / University College of Arts, Crafts & Design. - 9789185549139 ; , s. 16-24
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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