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- Olsson, Lars G., 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in mortality after first hospitalization with Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis in Sweden 1987 to 2006
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273. ; 170:1, s. 75-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To examine trends in 3-yearmortality after a first hospitalization with diagnosed atrial fibrillation in a large cohort with and without important comorbidities. Methods: The Swedish Hospital Discharge and Cause of Death Registries were linked to investigate trends in mortality for all patients 35 to 84 years hospitalized for the first time with a discharge diagnosis (principal or contributory) of atrial fibrillation in Sweden during 1987 to 2006. We performed an analysis of temporal trends in mortality stratified for presence or absence of co-morbidities affecting survival. Results: Exactly 376,000 patients (56% male, mean age 72years) with a first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation during 1987-2006were identified and followed for 3years. Patients with one or more of the prespecified comorbidities had the highestmortality and the largest absolute decline in mortality, but patients without these comorbidities had a slightly larger relative decline (absolute risk reduction in 3-yearmortality (AAR) from42.5 to 34.7%, Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.76; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.74 to 0.77 versus ARR 16.2% to 11.7%, HR 0.71; 0.68 to 0.74. In patients aged below 65years, with no comorbidities, therewasminimal change inmortality, and they still had a 2 times increased mortality compared to the general population (SMR 1.95; 1.84-2.06). Conclusions: Survival after a first hospitalization with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation improved regardless comorbidities. Patients agedb65years old without diagnosed comorbidities still had a poor prognosis compared to the general population. c 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- Olsson, Lars G., 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in stroke incidence after hospitalization for atrial fibrillation in Sweden 1987 to 2006
- 2013
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Ingår i: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 167:3, s. 733-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To investigate recent trends in incidence of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS: The Swedish Hospital Discharge and Cause of Death Registries were linked to provide outcome data. RESULTS: 321,276 patients 35 to 84years (56.5% male, mean age 71.5years) free of prior stroke with a first AF diagnosis during 1987-2006 were included. Over 3year follow-up 24,733 patients (7.7%) were diagnosed with ischemic stroke and 2292 (0.7%) with hemorrhagic stroke. The 3-year incidence of ischemic stroke decreased from 8.7% for patients diagnosed in 1987-1991 to 6.6% for those diagnosed in 2002 to 2006. The corresponding incidence of hemorrhagic stroke increased from 0.38% for patients diagnosed in 1987-1991 to 0.57% for those diagnosed in 2002 to 2006. Covariable-adjusted risk of ischemic stroke was significantly reduced (HR 0.65; 0.63-0.68) while risk of hemorrhagic stroke was significantly increased (HR 1.19; 1.05-1.36). Compared to the general population, total stroke risk decreased more among AF patients. CONCLUSION: We found a considerable decrease in risk of ischemic stroke in Sweden in patients without prior stroke and with a first hospital diagnosis of AF. There was an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke, but because hemorrhagic stroke represented only a small proportion of all strokes, the overall risk of stroke declined.
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- Stephanidis, S.D., et al.
(författare)
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Catalytic upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis vapours : Effect of hydrothermal pre-treatment of biomass
- 2011
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5861 .- 1873-4308. ; 167:1, s. 37-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of the present work was the study of the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (beech wood) on the product yields and bio-oil composition produced from biomass flash pyrolysis as well as from the catalytic upgrading of the biomass pyrolysis vapours. The hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass was performed at a severity factor (Ro) of 3.55 leading to ∼35 wt.% loss of solids, mainly due to solubilization and removal of hemicellulose. The production of sugars (mainly levoglucosan) was significantly increased by the use of the hydrothermally pretreated biomass instead of the untreated biomass in the non-catalytic flash pyrolysis experiments. On the other hand, the concentration of carboxylic acids, ketones and phenols was decreased in the bio-oil derived from the pretreated biomass. The catalysts tested in the upgrading of the biomass pyrolysis vapours were the strongly acidic zeolites H-ZSM-5 and silicalite (with very low number of acid sites) and the mildly acidic mesoporous aluminosilicate Al-MCM-41. The effect of catalysts on product yields and composition of bio-oil in the upgrading of pyrolysis vapours, was similar for both the pretreated and untreated biomass. The use of zeolite H-ZSM-5 decreased the total liquid yield (bio-oil) via decreasing the organic phase of bio-oil and increasing its water content, accompanied by increase of gases and moderate formation of coke on the catalyst. The zeolite silicalite and the Al-MCM-41 induced similar effects with those of H-ZSM-5 but to a less extent, except of the significantly higher coke that was deposited on Al-MCM-41. With regard to the composition of the bio-oil, all the catalysts and mostly the strongly acidic H-ZSM-5 zeolite reduced the oxygen content of the organic fraction, mainly by decreasing the concentration of acids, ketones and phenols in the untreated biomass pyrolysis oil or the concentration of sugars in the pretreated biomass pyrolysis oil. Aromatics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were significantly increased by the use of all catalysts, for both types of biomass feed. A substantial increase in the concentration of phenols was observed in the upgraded bio-oil derived by the hydrothermally pretreated biomass, using the less acidic silicalite and Al-MCM-41 catalysts
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