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- Ananthaseshan, S., et al.
(författare)
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Red blood cell distribution width is associated with increased interactions of blood cells with vascular wall
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism underlying the association between elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) and poor prognosis in variety of diseases is unknown although many researchers consider RDW a marker of inflammation. We hypothesized that RDW directly affects intravascular hemodynamics, interactions between circulating cells and vessel wall, inducing local changes predisposing to atherothrombosis. We applied different human and animal models to verify our hypothesis. Carotid plaques harvested from patients with high RDW had increased expression of genes and proteins associated with accelerated atherosclerosis as compared to subjects with low RDW. In microfluidic channels samples of blood from high RDW subjects showed flow pattern facilitating direct interaction with vessel wall. Flow pattern was also dependent on RDW value in mouse carotid arteries analyzed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In different mouse models of elevated RDW accelerated development of atherosclerotic lesions in aortas was observed. Therefore, comprehensive biological, fluid physics and optics studies showed that variation of red blood cells size measured by RDW results in increased interactions between vascular wall and circulating morphotic elements which contribute to vascular pathology.
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| 5. |
- Fuaad, P. A., et al.
(författare)
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Simulation of slot-coating of nanocellulosic material subject to a wall-stress dependent slip-velocity at die-walls
- 2022
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Ingår i: JCT Research. - : Springer Nature. - 1547-0091 .- 2168-8028. ; 19:1, s. 111-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bio-based nanocellulosic materials are non-toxic, renewable, exhibit excellent barrier properties, and are suitable candidates for sustainable food packaging applications. Sizing and designing coating parameters for slot-coating process using nanocellulose suspensions is challenging due to complex shear-thinning rheology and the presence of a water-rich boundary layer, effecting significant apparent slip at the wall. Previous studies have shown that the flow inside the coating bead can be complex, with occasional stagnation regions and a rheological model incorporating yield stress which should be considered while analyzing slot coating of nanocellulosic flows. This work extends earlier investigations by including the effects of the particle depleted water-rich boundary layer. The suspension is modeled as a Casson fluid with a shear-thinning viscosity, and the particle depletion at the wall is represented by an infinitely thin layer modeled as a local shear-dependent nonlinear slip law. The resulting two-phase flow equations are solved using a Finite Volume Method (FVM) coupled with the Volume of Fluid (VoF) method for tracking the free surface interface. It is observed that slip alters the flow’s dynamics in the coating bead, and the effect of slip cannot be ignored, especially at high shear rates. For thin films, the presence of slip enhances the flow, leading to more material coated on the substrate. In contrast, for thicker coatings, apparent slip leads to an augmentation in stagnant, non-yielded regions, potentially generating uneven surfaces.
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- Robles, Gregorio, et al.
(författare)
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Development effort estimation in free/open source software from activity in version control systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Empirical Software Engineering. - : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 1382-3256 .- 1573-7616. ; 27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effort estimation models are a fundamental tool in software management, and used as a fore-cast for resources, constraints and costs associated to software development. For Free/OpenSource Software (FOSS) projects, effort estimation is especially complex: professionaldevelopers work alongside occasional, volunteer developers, so the overall effort (in person-months) becomes non-trivial to determine. The objective of this work it to develop a simpleeffort estimation model for FOSS projects, based on the historic data of developers’ effort.The model is fed with direct developer feedback to ensure its accuracy. After extractingthe personal development profiles of several thousands of developers from 6 large FOSSprojects, we asked them to fill in a questionnaire to determine if they should be consideredas full-time developers in the project that they work in. Their feedback was used to fine-tune the value of an effort threshold, above which developers can be considered as full-time.With the help of the over 1,000 questionnaires received, we were able to determine, for every project in our sample, the threshold of commits that separates full-time from non-full-time developers. We finally offer guidelines and a tool to apply our model to FOSS projects that use a version control system.
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- Törnblom, H., et al.
(författare)
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Gastroesofageal refluxsjukdom – gammal bekant med nya ansikten : Management of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease can be optimized
- 2022
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often requires lifelong treatment to return to and maintain a normal quality of life. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) offer effective medical treatment and can be used for a long time with good safety margins. The diagnostic criteria for GERD must be strictly based on current guidelines and the need for maintained treatment must be regularly evaluated. When medical treatment fails (> 20%), the patient should be offered a consultation with a specialist in the field. Too many patients who are currently treated with PPI for suspected GERD ultimately require treatment with a completely different diagnosis in focus. The investigation and treatment options are several and well-defined in the event of PPI failure in patients with well documented GERD. The indications for surgical treatment are well established, but this treatment option is likely underused today.
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| 9. |
- Wang, G., et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced High Thermal Conductivity Cellulose Filaments via Hydrodynamic Focusing
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 22:21, s. 8406-8412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanocellulose is regarded as a green and renewable nanomaterial that has attracted increased attention. In this study, we demonstrate that nanocellulose materials can exhibit high thermal conductivity when their nanofibrils are highly aligned and bonded in the form of filaments. The thermal conductivity of individual filaments, consisting of highly aligned cellulose nanofibrils, fabricated by the flow-focusing method is measured in dried condition using a T-type measurement technique. The maximum thermal conductivity of the nanocellulose filaments obtained is 14.5 W/m-K, which is approximately five times higher than those of cellulose nanopaper and cellulose nanocrystals. Structural investigations suggest that the crystallinity of the filament remarkably influence their thermal conductivity. Smaller diameter filaments with higher crystallinity, that is, more internanofibril hydrogen bonds and less intrananofibril disorder, tend to have higher thermal conductivity. Temperature-dependence measurements also reveal that the filaments exhibit phonon transport at effective dimension between 2D and 3D.
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