| 1. |
- Persson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Time Consistency of Fiscal and Monetary Policy : A Solution
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper demonstrates how time consistency of the Ramsey policy – the optimal fiscal and monetary policy under commitment – can be achieved. Each government should leave its successor with a unique maturity structure for the nominal and indexed debt, such that the marginal benefit of a surprise inflation exactly balances the marginal cost. Unlike in earlier papers on the topic, the result holds for quite a general Ramsey policy, including timevarying policies with positive inflation and positive nominal interest rates. We compare our resuklts with those in Persson, Persson, and Svensson (1987), Calvo and Obstfeld (1990), and Alvarez, Kehoe, and Neumeyer (2004).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Amundin, Mats, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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An echolocation visualization and interface system for dolphin research
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. - : Acoustical Society of America (ASA). - 0001-4966 .- 1520-8524. ; 123:2, s. 1188-1194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study describes the development and testing of a tool for dolphin research. This tool was able to visualize the dolphin echolocation signals as well as function as an acoustically operated "touch screen." The system consisted of a matrix of hydrophones attached to a semitransparent screen, which was lowered in front of an underwater acrylic panel in a dolphin pool. When a dolphin aimed its sonar beam at the screen, the hydrophones measured the received sound pressure levels. These hydrophone signals were then transferred to a computer where they were translated into a video image that corresponds to the dynamic sound pressure variations in the sonar beam and the location of the beam axis. There was a continuous projection of the image back onto the hydrophone matrix screen, giving the dolphin an immediate visual feedback to its sonar output. The system offers a whole new experimental methodology in dolphin research and since it is software-based, many different kinds of scientific questions can be addressed. The results were promising and motivate further development of the system and studies of sonar and cognitive abilities of dolphins. © 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Inger, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - 0162-220X. ; 32:4, s. 325-34.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective study was to describe health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients during the first year after stem cell transplantation (SCT) who were undergoing reduced intensive conditioning (RIC) compared with patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning (MAC). Fifty-seven patients (25 for MAC and 32 for RIC) were enrolled in the study. HRQOL was assessed at 6 occasions during the first year after SCT using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and the 19-item treatment-specific module High-Dose Chemotherapy. Both groups reported most symptoms and worst functioning 1 month after SCT, but there were substantial differences. The MAC group deteriorated considerably in 20 symptom scales compared with 8 in the RIC group (score differences <10; P values ranged from .001 to .05). Dry mouth, sore mouth, appetite loss, and change of taste were among the most frequent symptoms in both groups. Thereafter, the functioning improved and the symptom scores decreased and returned to baseline in both groups, except dry mouth, which remained a worse problem for the MAC group. Overall, the RIC group regained health and QOL faster than the MAC group did. However, there were no significant differences in global QOL between the groups 1 year after SCT.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible lock-in detection system based on synchronized computer plug-in boards applied in sensitive gas spectroscopy
- 2007
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 1089-7623 .- 0034-6748. ; 78:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a flexible and compact, digital, lock-in detection system and its use in high-resolution tunable diode laser spectroscopy. The system involves coherent sampling, and is based on the synchronization of two data acquisition cards running on a single standard computer. A software-controlled arbitrary waveform generator is used for laser modulation, and a four-channel analog/digital board records detector signals. Gas spectroscopy is performed in the wavelength modulation regime. The coherently detected signal is averaged a selected number of times before it is stored or analyzed by software-based, lock-in techniques. Multiple harmonics of the modulation signal 1f, 2f, 3f, 4f, etc. are available in each single data set. The sensitivity is of the order of 10−5, being limited by interference fringes in the measurement setup. The capabilities of the system are demonstrated by measurements of molecular oxygen in ambient air, as well as dispersed gas in scattering materials, such as plants and human tissue.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Laser spectroscopy of gas in scattering media at scales ranging from kilometers to millimeters
- 2007
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Ingår i: Laser Physics. - 1054-660X. ; 17:7, s. 893-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free gases are characterized by their narrow line width, and they can conveniently be studied by laser spectroscopy. The present paper discusses the monitoring of such ambient pressure gases, which are dispersed in scattering media such as aerosol-laden atmospheres, solids, or liquids. Atmospheric work basically constitutes the well-known field of differential absorption lidar (DIAL), while the study of free gas in solids and liquids was initiated more recently under the name of GASMAS (GAs in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy). We discuss the connections between the two techniques, which are extensively used in our labortory. Thus, we span the field from trace-gas mapping of gases in the lower atmosphere to gas studies in construction materials, food products, and the human body. We show that the basic ideas are very similar, while the spatial and temporal scales vary greatly.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Meeting the users’ need for knowledge : A concept of a learning domain
- 2005
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Ingår i: Allestädes närvarande kunskap. - Stockholm : KTH Datavetenskap och kommunikation. - 9171782281 ; , s. 185-200
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In everyday life, many people use the web as a resource for knowledge. In this paper we are investigating the preconditions for a web resource called learning domain. The characteristics of the web resource learning domain can contribute to a reduction of well-known problems with structuring the content in a communicative way and also to contribute to an increased trust of the presented information. In the paper the characteristics of learning domains are described and some examples of web sites with characteristics contiguous to that of a learning domain are discussed. Our conclusions are that web resources with learning domain characteristics can contribute as a knowledge support. The challenge related to learning domains is not a technological one but instead how to arrange the information in such a way that it makes sense for the users.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopic studies of wood-drying processes
- 2006
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 14:8, s. 3641-3653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By the use of wavelength-modulation diode laser spectroscopy, water vapor and oxygen are detected in scattering media nonintrusively, at 980 nm and 760 nm, respectively. The technique demonstrated is based on the fact that free gases have extremely sharp absorption structures in comparison with the broad features of bulk material. Water vapor and oxygen measurements have been performed during the drying process of wood. The results suggest that the demonstrated technique can give information about the drying process of wood to complement that of commercially available moisture meters. In particular, the time when all the free water has evaporated from the wood can be readily identified by a strong falloff in the water vapor signal accompanied by the reaching of a high-level plateau in the molecular oxygen signal. Furthermore, the same point is identified in the differential optical absorption signal for liquid water, with a sharp increase by an order of magnitude in the ratio of the signal intensities at 980 nm and 760 nm.
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| 10. |
- Ask, Jenny, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Terrestrial organic matter and light penetration : Effects on bacterial and primary production in lakes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 54:6, s. 2034-2040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated productivity at the basal trophic level in 15 unproductive lakes in a gradient ranging from clear-water to brown-water (humic) lakes in northern Sweden. Primary production and bacterial production in benthic and pelagic habitats were measured to estimate the variation in energy mobilization from external energy sources (primary production plus bacterial production on allochthonous organic carbon) along the gradient. Clear-water lakes were dominated by autotrophic energy mobilization in the benthic habitat, whereas humic lakes were dominated by heterotrophic energy mobilization in the pelagic habitat. Whole-lake (benthic + pelagic) energy mobilization was negatively correlated to the light-extinction coefficient, which was determined by colored terrestrial organic matter in the lake water. Thus, variation in the concentration of terrestrial organic matter and its light-absorbing characteristics exerts strong control on the magnitude, as well as on the processes and pathways, of energy mobilization in unproductive lakes. We suggest that unproductive lakes in general are sensitive to input of terrestrial organic matter because of its effects on basal energy mobilization in both benthic and pelagic habitats.
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