| 1. |
- Abzhandadze, Tamar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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LIFE SATISFACTION IN SPOUSES OF STROKE SURVIVORS AND CONTROL SUBJECTS: A 7-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE SAHLGRENSKA ACADEMY STUDY ON ISCHAEMIC STROKE
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977. ; 49:7, s. 550-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate life satisfaction in spouses of middle-aged stroke survivors from the long-term perspective and to identify factors that explain their life satisfaction. Subjects: Cohabitant spouses of survivors of ischaemic stroke aged < 70 years at stroke onset (n = 248) and spouses of controls (n = 246). Methods: Assessments were made 7 years after inclusion to the study. Spouses' life satisfaction was assessed with the Fugl-Meyer's Life Satisfaction Check-List (LiSAT 11). Stroke-related factors were examined with the National Institutes of Health stroke scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale. Results: Spouses of stroke survivors had significantly lower satisfaction with general life, leisure, sexual life, partner relationship, family life, and poorer somatic and psychological health than spouses of controls. Caregiving spouses had significantly lower scores on all life domains except vocation and own activities of daily living than non-caregiving spouses. Spouses' satisfaction on different life domains was explained mainly by their age, sex, support given to the partner, and the survivor's level of global disability, to which both physical and cognitive impairments contributed. Conclusion: Seven years after stroke, spouses of stroke survivors reported lower life satisfaction compared with spouses of controls. Life satisfaction in stroke survivors' spouses was associated with spouses' age, sex, giving support, and the stroke survivors' level of global disability.
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| 2. |
- Blomgren, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in young and middle-aged stroke survivors: Results from SAHLSIS outcome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:2, s. 119-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although stroke prevalence is increasing and large proportions of stroke survivors are expected to live many years after stroke onset, research on the long-term consequences of stroke for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is limited. Aim: To explore performance of IADL seven years post-stroke onset and identify predictors of long-term IADL performance based on commonly employed acute measures and demographic characteristics in young and middle-aged stroke survivors. Methods: Data on stroke survivors were collected from SAHLSIS. IADL performance was assessed at 7 years using the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI). Demographic data and baseline measures were assessed as predictors of FAI outcome, using logistic regression. Results: 237 stroke survivors with a median age of 63 at follow-up were included. Participants had predominantly suffered a mild stroke and > 90% lived at home with no community services. Mean FAI was 25.7(score range 0-45), indicating reduced levels of participation in IADL. Frequency of performance of IADL was lowest for work/leisure activities. Gender, cohabitation status, initial stroke severity and baseline score on mRS were independently associated with IADL outcome. Conclusions: Reduced levels of participation in IADL persist many years after stroke onset and indicate a need to adapt a long-term perspective on stroke rehabilitation.
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| 3. |
- Holmegaard, Lukas, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term progression of white matter hyperintensities in ischemic stroke
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 138:6, s. 548-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Studies on long-term progression of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) after ischemic stroke are scarce. Here, we sought to investigate this progression and its predictors in a cohort presenting with ischemic stroke before 70 years of age. Materials and methods Participants in the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain at index stroke were examined by MRI again after 7 years (n = 188, mean age 53 years at index stroke, 35% females). WMH at index stroke and progression were assessed according to Fazekas' grades and the WMH change scale. Stroke subtype was classified according to TOAST. Results Marked WMH at index stroke were present in 20% of the participants and were significantly associated with age, hypertension, and subtype. Progression of WMH after 7 years was observed in 63% and 35% of the participants for subcortical and periventricular locations, respectively. Significant independent predictors of progression were age and marked WMH at baseline for both locations, whereas no significant associations were detected for vascular risk factors or subtype in multivariable analyses. In participants with no or only mild WMH at baseline, 20% showed marked WMH at follow-up. Age and hypertension, but not subtype, were independently associated with this acquisition of marked WMH. Conclusions Age and marked WMH at index stroke, but not stroke subtype, predicted long-term WMH progression after ischemic stroke before 70 years of age, whereas age and hypertension predicted acquisition of marked WMH in those with no or only mild WMH at baseline.
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| 4. |
- Pedersen, Annie, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Fibrinogen concentrations predict long-term cognitive outcome in young ischemic stroke patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 2475-0379. ; 2:2, s. 339-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cognitive impairment is frequent after stroke, and young patients may live with this consequence for a long time. Predictors of cognitive outcomes after stroke represent a current gap of knowledge. Objectives: To investigate levels of three hemostatic biomarkers as predictors of long-term cognitive function after stroke. Methods: This longitudinal study included consecutively recruited patients with ischemic stroke at 18-69 years (n = 268). Blood was collected 3 months after index stroke and analyzed for plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor (VWF) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen. Cognitive function 7 years after index stroke was assessed by the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS). Participants with stroke <50 years of age were also examined by the Trail Making Test A and B (n = 41). Associations between biomarker concentrations and cognitive scales were assessed in the whole group and in participants with stroke <50 years of age. Results: The hemostatic biomarkers fibrinogen, VWF and t-PA, were all correlated to total BNIS score, but these associations did not withstand adjustment for confounding factors in the whole group. However, in patients <50 years, we found an independent association between fibrinogen concentrations and total BNIS score (beta(std) = -.27, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.47 to -0.07) and to performance on the Trail Making Test A (beta(std) = 31, 95% CI, 0.03-0.58). No such association was seen for the Trail Making Test B. Conclusion: High convalescent fibrinogen concentrations were associated with worse long-term cognitive outcomes in ischemic stroke <50 years of age. We propose further investigations of fibrinogen in relation to cognitive function in stroke in the young.
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| 5. |
- Pedersen, Annie, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Haemostatic biomarkers are associated with long-term recurrent vascular events after ischaemic stroke
- 2016
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 116:3, s. 537-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ischaemic stroke patients continue to be at risk for recurrent vascular events for many years. Predictors of long-term prognosis are needed. It was the objective of this study to investigate levels of four haemostatic proteins as long-term predictors of recurrent vascular events after ischaemic stroke. We prospectively followed 548 ischaemic stroke patients, 18-69 years, and registered recurrent vascular events. Plasma levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), von Willebrand factor (VWF), fibrinogen and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor activation peptide (TAFI-AP) were measured three months after index stroke. Cox regression models were used to assess associations to outcomes for single biomarkers and for a combined biomarker measure. For single biomarkers significantly associated with any of the outcomes, we performed subanalyses stratified for age, sex, diabetes and atherosclerosis. During 5,637 person-years of follow-up, we registered 74 vascular deaths, 90 recurrent strokes and 62 coronary events. Levels of t-PA, VWF and fibrinogen were significantly associated with vascular death and coronary events. After adjustment, the association between t-PA and vascular death remained (HR per 1 SD increase in plasma level 1.27, 95 % CI 1.00-1.61, p=0.047). The combined effect of t-PA, VWF and fibrinogen was associated with coronary events (adjusted HR 1.35, 1.02-1.80, p=0.04). In non-diabetic patients, an association with coronary events was seen for VWF levels (adjusted HR 2.23,1.45-3.43, p
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| 6. |
- Persson, Josefine, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Long- term cost of spouses’ informal support for dependent midlife stroke survivors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : Wiley. - 2162-3279. ; 7:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Stroke is a major global disease that requires extensive care and support from society and relatives. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the long- term informal support and to estimate the annual cost of informal support provided by spouses to their stroke surviving partner. Method: Data were based on the 7- year follow- up of the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke. One- third of the spouses stated that they provided support to their stroke surviving partner. The magnitude of the support was assessed with a study- specific time- diary and was estimated for independent and dependent stroke survivors based on the scores of the modified Rankin Scale. To deal with skewed data, a two- part econometric model was used to estimate the annual cost of informal support. Result: Cohabitant dyads of 221 stroke survivors aged <70 at stroke onset were in- cluded in the study. Spouses of independent stroke survivors ( n = 188) provided on average 0.15 hr/day of practical support and 0.48 hr/day of being available. Corresponding figures for spouses of dependent stroke survivors ( n = 33) were 5.00 regarding practical support and 9.51 regarding being available. The mean annual cost of informal support provided for independent stroke survivors was estimated at €991 and €25,127 for dependent stroke survivor. Conclusion: The opportunity cost of informal support provided to dependent midlife stroke survivors is of a major magnitude many years after stroke onset and should be considered in economic evaluations of health care.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Josefine, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term QALY-weights among spouses of dependent and independent midlife stroke survivors.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 26:11, s. 3059-3068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the dependency of midlife stroke survivors had any long-term impact on their spouses' QALY-weights. METHOD: Data on stroke survivors, controls, and spouses were collected from the 7-year follow-up of the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke. Health-related quality of life was assessed by the SF-36, and the preference-based health state values were assessed with the SF-6D. Spouses of dependent and independent stroke survivors were categorized according to their scores on the modified Rankin Scale. An ordinary least squares regression analysis was used to evaluate whether the dependency of the stroke survivors had any impact on the spouses' QALY-weights. RESULT: Cohabitant dyads of 247 stroke survivors aged <70 at stroke onset and 245 dyads of controls were included in the study. Spouses of dependent stroke survivors (n = 50) reported a significant lower mean QALY-weight of 0.69 in comparison to spouses of independent stroke survivors (n = 197) and spouses of controls, (n = 245) who both reported a mean QALY-weight of 0.77. The results from the regression analysis showed that higher age of the spouse and dependency of the stroke survivor had a negative association with the spouses' QALY-weights. CONCLUSION: The QALY-weights for spouses of dependent midlife stroke survivors were significantly reduced compared to spouses of independent midlife stroke survivors. This indicates that the inclusion of spouses' QALYs in evaluations of early treatment and rehabilitation efforts to reduce stroke patients' dependency would capture more of the total effect in dyads of stroke survivors.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Persson, Josefine, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Stroke survivors’ long-term QALY-weights in relation to their spouses’ QALY-weights and informal support: a cross-sectional study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Healthcare interventions that have positive effects on the stroke survivors’ health-related quality of Life (HRQoL) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) might also have positive effects for their spouses in terms of improved HRQoL and/or reduced spousal informal support. However, knowle dge about stroke survivors ’ HRQoL and QALY and the consequences for their spouses’ HRQoL and QALY is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the HRQoL and QALY-weights in dyads of stroke survivors in comparison with dyads of healthy controls, and to study the relationship between the stroke survivors’ QALY-weights and consequences for spouses in terms of QALY-weight and annual cost of informal support, using a long-term perspective. Methods: Data on stroke survivors, controls, and spouses were collected from the seven-year follow-up of the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). HRQoL was assessed by the SF-36, and the preference-based health state values were assessed with the SF-6D. The magnitude of the support was assessed with a study specific time-diary. An ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to estimate the association between stroke survivors’ and spouses’ QALY-weights. A two-part econometri c model was used to estimate the association between stroke survivors’ QALY-weights and the time spent and cost of spouses’ informal support. Results: Cohabitant dyads of 248 stroke survivors’ aged <70 at stroke onset and 245 controls were included in the study. Stroke survivors had lower HRQoL in the SF-36 domains physical functioning, physical role, general health, vitality (P <0.001), and social functioning (P = 0.005) in comparison with their cohabitant spouses. There was no significant difference in HRQoL for the dyads of controls. The results from the regression analyses showed that lo wer QALY-weights of the stroke survivors were associated with lower QALY-weights of their spouses and increased annual cost of spousal informal support. Conclusion: Our results show that the QALY-weight s for stroke surv ivors had consequences for their spouses in terms of annual cost of spousal informal support and QALY-weights. Hence, economic evalu ation of interventions that improve the HRQoL of the stroke survivors but ignore the consequences for their spouses may underestimate the value of the intervention.
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| 10. |
- Pulit, SL, et al.
(författare)
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Loci associated with ischaemic stroke and its subtypes (SiGN): a genome-wide association study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Lancet. Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 15:2, s. 174-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discovery of disease-associated loci through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is the leading genetic approach to the identification of novel biological pathways underlying diseases in humans. Until recently, GWAS in ischaemic stroke have been limited by small sample sizes and have yielded few loci associated with ischaemic stroke. We did a large-scale GWAS to identify additional susceptibility genes for stroke and its subtypes.To identify genetic loci associated with ischaemic stroke, we did a two-stage GWAS. In the first stage, we included 16851 cases with state-of-the-art phenotyping data and 32473 stroke-free controls. Cases were aged 16 to 104 years, recruited between 1989 and 2012, and subtypes of ischaemic stroke were recorded by centrally trained and certified investigators who used the web-based protocol, Causative Classification of Stroke (CCS). We constructed case-control strata by identifying samples that were genotyped on nearly identical arrays and were of similar genetic ancestral background. We cleaned and imputed data by use of dense imputation reference panels generated from whole-genome sequence data. We did genome-wide testing to identify stroke-associated loci within each stratum for each available phenotype, and we combined summary-level results using inverse variance-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis. In the second stage, we did in-silico lookups of 1372 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from the first stage GWAS in 20941 cases and 364736 unique stroke-free controls. The ischaemic stroke subtypes of these cases had previously been established with the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification system, in accordance with local standards. Results from the two stages were then jointly analysed in a final meta-analysis.We identified a novel locus (G allele at rs12122341) at 1p13.2 near TSPAN2 that was associated with large artery atherosclerosis-related stroke (first stage odds ratio [OR] 1·21, 95% CI 1·13-1·30, p=4·50×10(-8); joint OR 1·19, 1·12-1·26, p=1·30×10(-9)). Our results also supported robust associations with ischaemic stroke for four other loci that have been reported in previous studies, including PITX2 (first stage OR 1·39, 1·29-1·49, p=3·26×10(-19); joint OR 1·37, 1·30-1·45, p=2·79×10(-32)) and ZFHX3 (first stage OR 1·19, 1·11-1·27, p=2·93×10(-7); joint OR 1·17, 1·11-1·23, p=2·29×10(-10)) for cardioembolic stroke, and HDAC9 (first stage OR 1·29, 1·18-1·42, p=3·50×10(-8); joint OR 1·24, 1·15-1·33, p=4·52×10(-9)) for large artery atherosclerosis stroke. The 12q24 locus near ALDH2, which has previously been associated with all ischaemic stroke but not with any specific subtype, exceeded genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis of small artery stroke (first stage OR 1·20, 1·12-1·28, p=6·82×10(-8); joint OR 1·17, 1·11-1·23, p=2·92×10(-9)). Other loci associated with stroke in previous studies, including NINJ2, were not confirmed.Our results suggest that all ischaemic stroke-related loci previously implicated by GWAS are subtype specific. We identified a novel gene associated with large artery atherosclerosis stroke susceptibility. Follow-up studies will be necessary to establish whether the locus near TSPAN2 can be a target for a novel therapeutic approach to stroke prevention. In view of the subtype-specificity of the associations detected, the rich phenotyping data available in the Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN) are likely to be crucial for further genetic discoveries related to ischaemic stroke.US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health.
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