| 1. |
- Achtenhagen, Leona, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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High-growth firms and the use of formalised planning and control systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Management and Decision Making. - 1462-4621 .- 1741-5187. ; 13:3, s. 266-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has argued that with growing size firms increasingly rely on more formalised planning and control systems. This paper addresses what kind of systems high-growth companies use and perceive as most beneficial for their growth. A pilot study served to identify which planning and control systems medium-sized firms most commonly employ as well as how these are perceived in relation to business growth. Findings from the pilot study were translated into an e-mail survey administered to the entire population of medium-sized high-growth firms ('gazelles') in Sweden, generating a response rate of 35.2%. In the pilot study, three formalised planning and control systems were identified as most commonly used. A clear majority of the surveyed gazelles use one or several of these systems and perceive them as important for achieving continuous growth. However, the integration of these systems (strategic planning, management systems, and enterprise resource planning) was rather low. Overall, strategic planning was the system relied on the most, while management systems were used the least. The originality of this paper lies in the exploration of the use of different formalised planning and control systems and their perceived relation to high-growth.
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| 2. |
- Barasa, Anders, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Heart failure in young adults: 20-year trends in hospitalization, aetiology, and case fatality in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 35:1, s. 25-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To describe trends in incidence and case fatality among younger (18-54 years) and older (55-84 years) Swedish patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Through linking the Swedish national hospital discharge and the cause-specific death registries, we identified patients aged 18-84 years that were discharged 1987-2006 with a diagnosis of HF. Age-specific mean incidence rates per 100 000 person-years were calculated in four 5-year periods. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted up to 3 years. From 1987 to 2006, there were 443 995 HF hospitalizations among adults 18-84 years. Of these, 4660 (1.0%) and 13 507 (3.0%) occurred in people aged 18-44 and 45-54 years (31.6% women), respectively. From the first to the last 5-year period, HF incidence increased by 50 and 43%, among people aged 18-34 and 35-44 years, respectively. Among people >/=45 years, incidence peaked in the mid-1990s and then decreased. Heart failure in the presence of cardiomyopathy increased more than two-fold among all age groups. Case fatality decreased for all age groups until 2001, after which no further significant decrease <55 years was observed. CONCLUSION: Increasing HF hospitalization in young adults in Sweden opposes the general trend seen in older patients, a finding which may reflect true epidemiological changes. Cardiomyopathy accounted for a substantial part of this increase. High case fatality and lack of further case fatality reduction after 2001 are causes for concern.
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| 3. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly, et al.
(författare)
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An ab initio molecular dynamics study of iron phases at high pressure and temperature
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 23:48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crystal structure of iron, the major component of the Earth's inner core (IC), is unknown for the IC high pressure (P; 3.3-3.6 Mbar) and temperature (T; 5000-7000 K). There is mounting evidence that the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase of iron, stable at the high P of the IC and a low T, might be unstable under the IC conditions due to the impact of high T and impurities. Experiments at the IC P and T are difficult and do not provide a conclusive answer as regards the iron stability at the pressure of the IC and temperatures close to the iron melting curve. Recent theory provides contradictory results regarding the nature of the stable Fe phase. We investigated the possibility of body-centered cubic (bcc) phase stabilization at the P and T in the vicinity of the Fe melting curve by using ab initio molecular dynamics. Thermodynamic calculations, relying on the model of uncorrelated harmonic oscillators, provide nearly identical free energies within the error bars of our calculations. However, direct simulation of iron crystallization demonstrates that liquid iron freezes in the bcc structure at the P of the IC and T = 6000 K. All attempts to grow the hcp phase from the liquid failed. The mechanism of bcc stabilization is explained. This resolves most of the earlier confusion.
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| 4. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly B., et al.
(författare)
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A possible mechanism of copper corrosion in anoxic water
- 2012
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Ingår i: Philosophical Magazine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1478-6435 .- 1478-6443. ; 92:36, s. 4618-4627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent experiments show that solid Cu reacts with anoxic water. The reaction is observed by measuring the hydrogen release. This release is continuous and stable over a period of months. We have since theoretically found that water adsorbs dissociatively at a copper surface. But this adsorption is not enough to explain the amount of hydrogen released in the experiment. This observation calls for the explanation of the removal of the reaction product from the surface to provide a clean Cu surface where the water dissociation takes place. In this paper we investigate, by first-principles calculations, two possible mechanisms for this removal: first the possibility of Cu-O-H nanoparticulate formation, and second the diffusion of the dissociation products into Cu. We show that while the formation of nanoparticulates is energetically unfavorable, the diffusion of OH along grain boundaries can be substantial. The OH being placed in a grain boundary of the Cu sample quickly dissociates and O and H atoms diffuse independently of each other. Such a diffusion is markedly larger than the diffusion in bulk Cu. Thus, grain boundary diffusion is a viable mechanism for providing a clean Cu surface for the dissociation of water at the Cu surface. An order-of-magnitude estimate of the amount of hydrogen released in this case agrees with experiment. But this mechanism is not enough to explain the result of the experiment. We propose the formation of nanocrystals of copper oxide as a second step. A decisive experiment is proposed.
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| 5. |
- Belonoshko, A. B., et al.
(författare)
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Ab Initio Study of Water Interaction with a Cu Surface
- 2010
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 26:21, s. 16267-16270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed a first principles investigation of water interaction with a Cu surface. The calculated surface energy of a Cu(100) slab is in reasonable agreement with experimental data. The energy of water dissociation is in agreement with experiment. The results of the ab initio calculations are compared to experimental data on hydrogen partial pressure. It is concluded that Cu(OH)(ads) is formed due to a reaction between Cu and anoxic water. The energy of the Cu(100) slab with OH and H adsorbed is lower than the energy of the same slab with an adsorbed water molecule.
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| 6. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly B., et al.
(författare)
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High-pressure melting curve of platinum from ab initio Z method
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 85:17, s. 174104-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pt is widely used as a standard in high-pressure high-temperature experiments. The available experimental and theoretical data on Pt thermal stability is not consistent. We address the issue of high-pressure Pt melting by ab initio molecular dynamics. We demonstrate a remarkable consistency of our computed melting curve with the experimental data by N. R. Mitra, D. L. Decker, and H. B. Vanfleet [Phys. Rev. 161, 613 (1967)]. The extrapolation of their data, based on the Simon equation, nearly coincides with our ab initio computed melting curve. We propose the Pt melting curve in the form P-m(kbar) = 443.0[(T/T-m)(1.14) - 1].
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| 7. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly B., et al.
(författare)
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Melting of a polycrystalline material
- 2013
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Ingår i: The European Physical Journal Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 216:1, s. 199-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calculating the melting temperature of a solid with a known model of interaction between atoms is nowadays a comparatively simple task. However, when one simulates a single crystal by molecular dynamics method, it does not normally melt at the melting temperature. Instead, one has to significantly overheat it. Yet, a real material melts at the melting point. Here we investigate the impact of the defects and the grain boundaries on melting. We demonstrate that defects and grain boundaries have similar impact and make it possible to simulate melting in close vicinity of thermodynamic melting temperature. We also show that the Z method might be non-applicable in discriminating a stable submelting phase.
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| 8. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly B., et al.
(författare)
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MgO phase diagram from first principles in a wide pressure-temperature range
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 81:5, s. 054110-1-054110-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent laser-initiated strong shockwave measurements at Livermore provide the opportunity for verification of the MgO phase diagram at extreme pressures and temperatures. This calls for a comprehensive study of the MgO phase diagram. The phase diagram is obtained by ab initio molecular dynamics (two phase and Z method) and phonon-based thermodynamic calculations. Energies and forces are computed from first principles projector augmented wave method. The B1 transforms to B2 phase at about 490 GPa. Melting temperatures of B1 are consistent with the two-phase melting curve (Alfe, 2005). The triple point B1-B2-liquid is located at about 2.4 Mbar and 9000 K. The melting curve of the B2 phase rises rather steeply from the triple point. The Hugoniot is likely to cross the B1-B2 boundary first and then to cross the melting curve of B2, therefore, the melting curve of periclase is not relevant for the Hugoniot. MgO melts between 11.3 and 12.5 thousand K and 4.3 and 5 Mbar along the Hugoniot from the B2 phase. The two-phase melting curves of B1 computed with various semiempirical potentials are remarkably close to each other and are consistent with the B1 first principles melting curve at low pressure. This suggests the MgO melting temperatures to be in the close proximity of this determination. The search for new phases of MgO by first principles metadynamics has not produced unknown phases. Therefore, the suggested discontinuity of the Hugoniot at 170 GPa and 3000 K remains enigmatic.
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| 9. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly B., et al.
(författare)
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Shear Relaxation in Iron under the Conditions of Earth's Inner Core
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 104:24, s. 245703-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large scale molecular dynamics simulations of iron at high pressure and temperature are performed to investigate the physics of shear softening. A solid 16 x 10(6) atoms sample of iron is grown out of the liquid with a small solid immersed in it at the start of simulation. We observe that diffusion in the sheared solid is similar to that in liquid, even though at different time scales. This allows us to describe the time dependence of shear stress in terms of elastic and hydrodynamic relaxation. The elastic response of the sample is close to the elastic response of Earth's inner core. This explains the abnormally low shear modulus in the core. The reason for the low shear modulus is the presence of defects of the crystal structure.
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| 10. |
- Belonoshko, Anatoly, et al.
(författare)
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Iron shear modulus in the Earth's inner core
- 2010
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Ingår i: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. - 0016-7037 .- 1872-9533. ; 74:12, s. A75-A75
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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