| 1. |
- Grann, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Actuarial assessment of risk for violence - Predictive validity of the VRAG and the historical part of the HCR-20
- 2000
-
Ingår i: CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BEHAVIOR. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-8548 .- 1552-3594. ; 27:1, s. 97-114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article explores the predictive validity of two actuarial risk assessment instruments among mentally disordered offenders in Sweden: the historical part (H-10) of a historical, clinical, and risk management factors instrument (HCR-20) and the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG). Actuarial scores were obtained retrospectively in two populations: one group of violent offenders with personality disorders and one with violent offenders diagnosed with schizophrenia. The predictive accuracy was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic analysis using a violent reconviction within 2 years from release or discharge as the criterion variable. Both scales fared better in the group of personality-disordered offenders than in the group of offenders with schizophrenia, and the H-10 fared better than the VRAG in both offender groups. The study found that historical data maintain a robust predictive validity in a population of personality-disordered offenders, whereas clinical and risk management factors may be of greater importance in offender populations in which major mental disorders are prevalent.
|
|
| 2. |
- Lloyd-Spets, Anita, et al.
(författare)
-
MISiCFET chemical gas sensors for high temperature and corrosive environment applications
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 389-3, s. 1415-1418
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A chemical gas sensor based on a silicon carbide field effect transistor with a catalytic gate metal has been under development for a number of years. The buried gate design allows the sensor to operate at high temperatures, routinely up to 600degreesC and for at least three days at 700degreesC. The chemical inertness of silicon carbide makes it a suitable sensor technology for applications in corrosive environments such as exhaust gases and flue gases from boilers. The selectivity of the sensor devices is established through the choice of type and structure of the gate metal as well as the operation temperature. In this way NH3 sensors with low cross sensitivity to NOx have been demonstrated as potential sensors for control of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by urea injection into diesel exhausts. The hardness of the silicon carbide makes it for example more resistant to water splash at cold start of a petrol engine than existing technologies, and a sensor which can control the air to fuel ratio, before the exhaust gases are heated, has been demonstrated. Silicon carbide sensors are also tested in flue gases from boilers. Efficient regulation of the combustion in a boiler will decrease fuel consumption and reduce emissions.
|
|
