| 1. |
- Andersson, L., et al.
(author)
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Inflammatory and coagulatory markers and exposure to different size fractions of particle mass, number and surface area air concentrations in the Swedish hard metal industry, in particular to cobalt
- 2021
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In: Biomarkers. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1354-750X .- 1366-5804. ; 26:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose To study the relationship between inhalation of airborne particles and cobalt in the Swedish hard metal industry and markers of inflammation and coagulation in blood. Methods Personal sampling of inhalable cobalt and dust were performed for subjects in two Swedish hard metal plants. Stationary measurements were used to study concentrations of inhalable, respirable, and total dust and cobalt, PM10 and PM2.5, the particle surface area and the particle number concentrations. The inflammatory markers CC16, TNF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, SAA and CRP, and the coagulatory markers FVIII, vWF, fibrinogen, PAI-1 and D-dimer were measured. A complete sampling was performed on the second or third day of a working week following a work-free weekend, and additional sampling was taken on the fourth or fifth day. The mixed model analysis was used, including covariates. Results The average air concentrations of inhalable dust and cobalt were 0.11 mg/m(3) and 0.003 mg/m(3), respectively. For some mass-based exposure measures of cobalt and total dust, statistically significant increased levels of FVIII, vWF and CC16 were found. Conclusions The observed relationships between particle exposure and coagulatory biomarkers may indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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| 2. |
- Falck-Ytter, Terje, et al.
(author)
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The Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS): A Multi-Method Infant Twin Study of Genetic and Environmental Factors Influencing Infant Brain and Behavioral Development
- 2021
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In: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 24:4, s. 217-227
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Twin studies can help us understand the relative contributions of genes and environment to phenotypic trait variation, including attentional and brain activation measures. In terms of applying methodologies such as electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking, which are key methods in developmental neuroscience, infant twin studies are almost nonexistent. Here, we describe the Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS), a multi-method longitudinal twin study of 177 MZ and 134 DZ twin pairs (i.e., 622 individual infants) covering the 5-36 month time period. The study includes EEG, eye tracking and genetics, together with more traditional measures based on in-person testing, direct observation and questionnaires. The results show that interest in participation in research among twin parents is high, despite the comprehensive protocol. DNA analysis from saliva samples was possible in virtually all participants, allowing for both zygosity confirmation and polygenic score analyses. Combining a longitudinal twin design with advanced technologies in developmental cognitive neuroscience and genomics, BATSS represents a new approach in infancy research, which we hope to have impact across multiple disciplines in the coming years.
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| 3. |
- Hovey, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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The effect of intranasal oxytocin on visual processing and salience of human faces
- 2020
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In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mechanisms underlying the role of oxytocin (OT) as a regulator of social behavior in mammals are only partly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that OT increases the salience of social stimuli. We carried out a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study of the effects of OT on binocular rivalry, a visual phenomenon underpinned by the interplay of excitation and inhibition in the cortex. A final sample of 45 participants viewed images of social stimuli (faces with different emotional expressions) and non-social stimuli (houses and Gabor patches). We demonstrate a robust effect that intranasal OT increases the salience of human faces in binocular rivalry, such that dominance durations of faces are longer-this effect is not modulated by the facial expression. We tentatively show that OT treatment increases dominance durations for non-social stimuli. Our results lend support to the social salience hypothesis of OT, and in addition offer provisional support for the role of OT in influencing excitation-inhibition balance in the brain.
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