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- Dahlström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Remnant habitats for grassland species in an abandoned Swedish agricultural landscape
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Vegetation Science. - 1402-2001 .- 1654-109X. ; 13:3, s. 305-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Questions: Which factors influence the persistence of vascular grassland plants in long-abandoned (at least 50 yr) arable fields and meadows? What might be the implications of current levels of species richness on abandoned arable fields and meadows for future restoration? Location: Forested highlands of Kilsbergen, south central Sweden. Methods: The abundance of all vascular plant species was investigated in three habitat types: former arable fields, hay meadows and outlands (pastures) at 27 farms, abandoned for either approximately 50 yr or 90 yr. Time since abandonment, tree cover, soil depth, degree of soil podsol development, size of the infield area and two measures of connectivity were used as predictors for species richness and species composition. Results: Former outland had denser tree cover, fewer species and fewer grassland species than former arable fields and hay meadows, irrespective of time since abandonment. Former hay meadows and arable fields with a longer time since abandonment were less rich in species, more wooded and had greater podsolization than meadows and fields abandoned at a later stage. Species richness was higher in hay meadows and arable fields at farms with larger infield area and deeper soils compared with farms with smaller infield area and shallower soils. The greatest richness of species and most open habitat were former arable fields at larger farms abandoned 50 yr before the study. Former arable fields had the highest number of grassland species. Conclusion: After 50 yr of abandonment, former arable fields were the most important remnant habitats for grassland species and may be a more promising target for restoration than formerly managed grasslands.
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| 2. |
- Kardell, Örjan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Wolves in the early nineteenth-century county of Jönköping, Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environment and History. - Isle of Harris : White Horse Press. - 0967-3407 .- 1752-7023. ; 19:3, s. 339-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden there has been a vigorous debate concerning management of the wolf (Canis lupus) ever since 1983, when the species was naturally re-established in the country by long-distance dispersal. The contradictory interests are due to a commitment by Naturvårdsverket, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, to protect the wolf, while at the same time wolves arouse fear and hatred among many members of the public because they attack hunting dogs and kill game and livestock. The wolf is expected to increase in numbers and spread over most of Sweden. We argue that modern wolf management would benefit from a historical perspective and our study draws on data from a time when wolves, livestock and people depending on their herds were far more numerous than today. We also discuss aspects of available wolf food supply and territorial size in the early nineteenth century county of Jönköping, Sweden. This is possible by combining hitherto undetected source material on wolves, with a high geographical resolution, with the insights of modern wildlife research. Our main conclusions are that historic wolf territories were in all probability larger than current territories. This was due to a scarcity of large prey, especially during the winter months when livestock were stabled. Past herding practices seem, to a very large extent, to have kept predation on livestock at nearly negligible levels compared to total livestock numbers. This is a significant finding that should be of interest to those concerned with present day wolf management. We also discuss the potential for the future re-establishment of wolves in the studied area.
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| 4. |
- Ebenhard, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Lågskogsbruk – biobränsleproduktion i samklang med miljömål
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lågskogsbruk går ut på att återkommande hugga lövträd som slår skott från en gemensam stubb-bas eller sockel. Lågskogens två huvudtyper, skottskogar och hamlingsskogar, kan ses som halvnaturliga biotoper med lång historia och egna utvecklade organismsamhällen, däribland många naturvårdsintressanta arter, som ursprungligen levde i naturliga biotoper som inte längre existerar. Lågskogen erbjuder gamla strukturer och substrat utan att miljön blir kontinuerligt skuggig som i högskog. Det är både möjligt och önskvärt att bedriva ett modernt lågskogsbruk för biomassaproduktion, i synnerhet på marker som idag inte används för skogsbruk eller jordbruksproduktion. Vi bedömer att det finns totalt ca en halv miljon hektar av skyddade områden, restmarker i jordbrukslandskapet, ängs- och hagmarker, väg- och järnvägsområden, kraftledningsgator, samt tätortsnära parker och friluftsområden där lågskogsbruk skulle vara lämpligt. Med en produktion av 2-5 ton biomassa per hektar och år skulle detta kunna ge 10-24 MWh energi per hektar och år, sammanlagt för landet 5-12 TWh per år. Jämfört med de bästa biomassagrödorna (Salix, Miscanthus) har lågskogen inte samma potential som bränsleproducent, men den står sig väl mot raps. Lågskogen är dock mer effektiv än vanliga biomassagrödor med avseende på utsläpp av växthusgaser per producerad energienhet, snabbheten i återinlagring av kol, och gynnandet av biologisk mångfald.
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| 7. |
- Jerkeman, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic hepatitis C in Swedish subjects receiving opiate substitution therapy-Factors associated with advanced fibrosis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 46, s. 340-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Opiate substitution therapy (OST) reduces the risk of death from directly drug-related causes in heroin users, allowing other chronic health problems to emerge. People who inject drugs (PWID) are exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV), with an associated risk of chronic liver disease. We investigated HCV prevalence and liver-related morbidity in a cohort of OST recipients, and analyzed factors associated with significant hepatic fibrosis. Methods: All patients registered on 1 April 2008 in 4 clinics providing OST in the 3 largest cities in Sweden were eligible for inclusion. HCV viremic subjects were evaluated for fibrosis stage by liver biopsy, transient elastometry (TE), and/or a biochemical fibrosis index (Göteborg University Cirrhosis Index; GUCI). Factors associated with severity of fibrosis were determined by logistic regression analysis. Results: Out of 524 eligible patients, 277 consented to enrolment. Two hundred and thirty-six subjects (88%) were anti-HCV-positive, and 162 of these were viremic (69%). Significant liver fibrosis (defined as Ishak stages F3-F6, TE value ≥ 8.85 kPa, or GUCI > 0.33) was found in 69 out of 103 (67%) tested viremic patients, and was associated with alcohol intake (p = 0.03), higher body mass index (BMI; p = 0.04), and the presence of anti-HBc antibodies (indicating exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV); p = 0.02). Conclusions: Significant liver fibrosis was detected in two-thirds of HCV viremic OST recipients in this cohort, and was associated with alcohol use, high BMI, and exposure to HBV. These findings indicate that the management of HCV and associated risk factors should be emphasized in Swedish OST programs. © 2014 Informa Healthcare.
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| 9. |
- Jungstrand, Anna, 1976-
(författare)
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Det litterära med reportaget : Om litteraritet som journalistisk strategi och etik
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis explores the literarity of reportage, with a focus on the 20th century and modern reportage. The aim is to describe the literary strategies used in modern text-based reportage and how these strategies relate to journalistic standards of credibility and ethics. A primary focus is the question of what the reportage is looking for in the literary, what happens to this literarity when it is used for journalistic purposes, and, in turn, how the literary establishes ethics in the text. By suggesting that a piece of reportage is a journalistic text that simultaneously tells the story about the reporter’s encounter with the event, this dissertation sheds light on possible approaches to the concept of literarity: Subjectivity, narrativity, meta-narrative aspects, the poetic function of language and the performative movements in the text. The ethics of reportage is also to be derived from the encounter, and this thesis implements a concept of ethics in conversations with Emmanuel Levinas and dialogical philosophy. It provides an opportunity to separate ethics from moral, ideological and political dimensions of responsibility in the encounter. This aspect of ethics, where literarity and counter-movement operate beyond the direct intention, is what is needed to understand the reportage genre. The dissertation also includes six longer reportage analyses embodying its results: Djuna Barnes’s, Vagaries Malicieux, Ryszard Kapuściński’s Another Day of Life, Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood, Hanna Krall’s A Tale for Hollywood, Sven Lindqvist’s Kina nu: Vad skulle Mao ha sagt? and Joan Didion’s, Slouching towards Bethlehem.
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| 10. |
- Lagging, Martin, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Reply.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.). - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1527-3350 .- 0270-9139. ; 60:6, s. 2130-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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