| 1. |
- Yang, Rui, et al.
(author)
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Antigen and epitope specificity of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies in patients with Goodpasture disease with or without anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
- 2007
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In: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. - 1046-6673. ; 18:4, s. 1338-1343
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Goodpasture disease (GP) is defined by the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Besides anti-GBM, many patients with GP produce anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). For elucidation of the pathophysiologic significance of ANCA in this setting, epitope and antigen specificity of the anti-GBM antibodies and antigen specificity of ANCA were studied. Bovine testis a(IV)NC1 (tNC1); recombinant human alpha 1, alpha 3, alpha 4, and alpha 5(IV)NC1 (r alpha 1 through r alpha 5); and three chimeric proteins that contain previously defined epitope regions designated E-A, E-B, and S2 were used to examine the anti-GBM antibodies by ELISA in 205 Chinese patients with GP with or without ANCA. In the 205 anti-GBM antibody-positive sera, 63 (30.7%) were also ANCA positive (61 myeloperoxidase-ANCA and six proteinase 3-ANCA, four being triple positive). All 205 sera recognized tNC1 and r alpha 3(IV)NC1. In the double-positive group, 54.0, 66.7, 71.4% of the sera could recognize r alpha 1, r alpha 4, and r alpha 5, respectively, compared with 49.3, 60.6, and 55.6% for patients with anti-GBM antibodies alone. The levels of the antibodies to r alpha 3, tNC1, and the alpha 3/alpha 1 ratio were lower in the double-positive group than that in patients with anti-GBM antibody alone (P < 0.05). Most of the sera could recognize the epitope regions E-A,E-B, and S2, but the absorbance values to EA, EB, and S2 were lower in double-positive group (P < 0.05). Double-positive patients had a broader spectrum of anti-GBM antibodies and lower levels of antibodies against alpha 3(IV)NC1 compared with that of patients with anti-GBM antibodies alone.
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| 2. |
- Yang, Rui, et al.
(author)
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Levels of epitope-specific autoantibodies correlate with renal damage in anti-GBM disease
- 2009
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In: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385 .- 0931-0509. ; 24:6, s. 1838-1844
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Although the clinical importance of demonstrating the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies is well established, less is known concerning the clinical utility of measuring the levels of autoantibodies. Two conformational epitopes of anti-GBM antibodies have been defined at residues 17-31 and 127-141 of the alpha 3(IV)NC1 domain of type IV collagen [alpha 3(IV)NC1], which were named as EA and EB, respectively. In order to elucidate the importance of such antibodies, we studied the levels and the epitope specificities of anti-GBM antibodies in a large cohort of Chinese patients with anti-GBM disease. Methods. All patients, with anti-GBM disease and available clinical data, diagnosed at Peking University First Hospital from 1996 to 2005 were included in the present study. Recombinant chimeric proteins containing previously defined epitope regions designated as EA and EB were used to detect anti-GBM antibodies by ELISA. Results were compared and correlated with clinical data collected at the time of diagnosis, biopsy findings and outcome after 1 year of follow-up. Results. A retrospective diagnosis of anti-GBM disease was made in 147 patients. Haemoptysis was recorded for 47% of these cases while 53.5% cases had oliguria or anuria at the time of diagnosis. Among these patients, the levels of anti-GBM antibodies correlated with serum creatinine at diagnosis (P < 0.05 for anti EA, EB and alpha 3(IV)NC1). Oliguric patients had higher levels of autoantibodies than non-oliguric patients, however, the difference being statistically significant only for EB (P < 0.05). Renal biopsies were performed in 66 patients, and it was found that 50 (75.8%) had cresent formation in > 85% of the glomeruli. There was a correlation between the percentage of crescents and levels of antibodies, but it was significant only for anti-EA antibodies (P < 0.05). Clinical data regarding the follow-up were available for 102 patients; at the end of 1 year, 88 (86.3%) were either dead or dialysis dependent. The absorbance values of anti-GBM antibodies against both EA and EB were also associated with the subsequent development, death or terminal renal insufficiency (P < 0.05). Conclusion. In this study, patients with high levels of circulating antibodies against the specific epitopes EA and EB had a more severe renal disease at diagnosis as well as a worse prognosis.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Yang, Rui, et al.
(author)
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Natural anti-GBM antibodies from normal human sera recognize alpha 3(IV)NC1 restrictively and recognize the same epitopes as anti-GBM antibodies from patients with anti-GBM disease
- 2007
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In: Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1521-6616. ; 124:2, s. 207-212
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Anti-GBM disease is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by autoantibodies targeting the alpha 3 chain non-collagen 1 domain of type IV collagen (alpha 3(IV)NC1). Recently, we isolated IgG reacting with alpha 3(IV)NC1 from normal healthy human sera. The current study examined the antigen and epitope specificity of these natural autoantibodies (NAA) using recombinant human alpha 1, 3, 5(IV)NC1 and three constructs expressing, previously defined epitope regions designated E-A, E-B and S2, in the alpha 1(IV)NC1 background. The NAA preparations reacted with recombinant human alpha 3(IV) NC1 to the same extent as with purified bovine alpha(IV)NC1, but not with recombinant human alpha 1 and alpha 5 (IV)NC1. NAA preparations recognized the three chimeric proteins (E-A, E-B and S2) yielding similar absorbance values. We conclude that anti-GBM NAA recognize the same major epitopes as anti-GBM antibodies from patients with Goodpasture's disease.
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| 5. |
- Adnane, Bouchaib, et al.
(author)
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Origin of photoresponse at 8-14 μm in stacks of self-assembled SiGe/Si quantum dots
- 2009
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A normal incidence photodetector operating at 8-14 μm is demonstrated using p-type δ-doped SiGe dot multilayer structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(001) substrates. Based on the experimental results of photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopies together with numerical analysis, the origin of the measured photocurrent was attributed to intersubband optical transitions between the heavy hole and light hole states of the valence band of the self-assembled SiGe dots and subsequent lateral transport of photo-excited carriers in the conduction channels formed by Ge wetting layers.
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| 6. |
- Brunk, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Septic shock and the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis theory of apoptosis
- 2009
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In: Molecular Mechanism of Severe Shock. - Kerala, India : Research Signpost. - 9788130803388 ; , s. 91-106
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Over 250 years ago, Le Dran, a distinguished French Surgeon, first used the word “shock” in his treatise. Since then, much progress has been made in shock research. However, many questions have still confused the medical doctors until now. For example, why the reduced blood pressure can’t return to normal after anti-shock treatment in severe shock, why the high mortality of septic shock can’t be reduced though many new therapies are reported, what is the reason for the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome following a prolonged severe shock, and what event triggers the connection among shock, systemic inflammation, and multi-organ dysfunction, etc. In order to resolve these questions, research on the pathogenesis of shock has been made at molecular level in recent years. Current advances of shock molecular mechanism are presented in this book, which is divided into 10 chapters, including new theory about auto-digestion in shock and organ failure, septic shock and the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis theory in apoptosis, molecular mechanism of endotoxin action, HMGB-1 and sepsis after burns, role of MAPK in inflammation and septic shock, ion channels and low vasoreactivity in severe shock, vascular permeability in shock, lymphatic microcirculation and shock, calcium signaling in cardiac dysfunction of burns, the effect and mechanism of a new anti-shock medicine Polydatin. We hope that these chapters will help the readers to develop strategies and tactics that will promote shock research. We want to thank all the authors for their excellent cooperation and manuscript preparation. We also give special thanks to Dr. Pandalai for inviting us to edit and publish this review book in Research Signpost
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| 7. |
- Elfving, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Asymmetric relaxation of SiGe/Si(110) investigated by high-resolution x-ray diffraction reciprocal space mapping
- 2006
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In: Applied physics letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 89, s. 181901-1--181901-3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Strain relaxation of SiGe/Si(110) has been studied by x-ray reciprocal space mapping. To get information about the in-plane lattice mismatch in different directions, two-dimensional maps around, e.g., (260) and (062) reciprocal lattice points have been obtained from Si0.8Ge0.2/Si(110) samples, which were exposed to different annealing conditions. The in-plane lattice mismatch was found to be asymmetric with the major strain relaxation observed in the lateral [001] direction. This was associated with the formation and propagation of dislocations oriented along [10]. The relaxation of as-grown structures during postannealing is thus different from relaxation during growth, which is mainly along [10].
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| 8. |
- Fan, L. -B, et al.
(author)
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Structural system based on software reliability
- 2008
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In: Beijing Gongye Daxue Xuebao / Journal of Beijing University of Technology. - 0254-0037. ; 34:SUPPL. 2, s. 73-78
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Based on the software reliability, combined with the usage profile and functional profile of software, the reliability computing method of the software system is presented in this paper. The reliability is used for guide the designing of the system structure and showing how this designing to response the user demand changing. Lastly, an example is used to show the application of this method.
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| 9. |
- Gelderman, Kyra, et al.
(author)
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Macrophages suppress T cell responses and arthritis development in mice by producing reactive oxygen species
- 2007
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In: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 117:10, s. 3020-3028
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reduced capacity to produce ROS increases the severity of T cell-dependent arthritis in both mice and rats with polymorphisms in neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (Ncf1) (p47phox). Since T cells cannot exert oxidative burst, we hypothesized that T cell responsiveness is downregulated by ROS produced by APCs. Macrophages have the highest burst capacity among APCs, so to study the effect of macrophage ROS on T cell activation, we developed transgenic mice expressing functional Ncf1 restricted to macrophages. Macrophage-restricted expression of functional Ncf1 restored arthritis resistance to the level of that of wild-type mice in a collagen-induced arthritis model but not in a T cell-independent anti-collagen antibody-induced arthritis model. T cell activation was downregulated and skewed toward Th2 in transgenic mice. In vitro, IL-2 production and T cell proliferation were suppressed by macrophage ROS, irrespective of T cell origin. IFN-gamma production, however, was independent of macrophage ROS but dependent on T cell origin. These effects were antigen dependent but not restricted to collagen type II. In conclusion, macrophage-derived ROS play a role in T cell selection, maturation, and differentiation, and also a suppressive role in T cell activation, and thereby mediate protection against autoimmune diseases like arthritis.
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| 10. |
- Graslund, S, et al.
(author)
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Protein production and purification
- 2008
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In: Nature methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7105 .- 1548-7091. ; 5:2, s. 135-146
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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