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Omodernt : Människor och tankar i förmodern tid
- 2009. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kan vi idag ha något att lära av de klassiska, medeltida och tidigmoderna kulturerna? Många skulle svara ja på den frågan, men det finns också de som skulle beskriva det förmoderna som irrationellt, traditionsbundet, kollektivistiskt och framför allt otidsenligt. Att behålla kontakten med det förmoderna behöver inte betyda att man bekräftar ett "arv" från det förflutna eller ägnar sig åt återbruk av äldre tiders idéer. Bättre är att omvandla, utveckla eller avveckla tidigare tankar eller kritik kring sociala och estetiska mönster. I antologin Omodernt - Människor och tankar i förmodern tid medverkar elva forskare som representerar en rad humanistiska discipliner. Deras texter berättar på mångfacetterade sätt om idéer och föreställningar, språk och texter från antiken till 1600-talet som är relevanta än idag. De argumenterar för vikten av kunskap om de perioder som ligger före vår moderna tid och ger konkreta exempel på forskning i den andan. Det viktiga är att uppmuntra kommunikation över seklen, viljan att vidga sina egna associationer kring mänskligt handlande, att fördjupa sina insikter om hur människor i historien försökt att hantera sin existentiella och samhälleliga situation. Genom sådana perspektivbyten kan vi i bästa fall få klargörande idéer även om vår egen tid.
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- Landqvist, Hans, 1958
(författare)
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Kunskapsorganisering, sökmöjligheter och läsvägar: en fallstudie av handböcker för hundägare
- 2023
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Ingår i: Communicating with Purpose. VAKKI Publications. Eds. E. Lillqvist, M. Eronen- Valli, V. Manninen, N. Nissilä & E. Salmela. - 2242-685X. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores how the anonymous authors of two Swedish handbooks for dog owners, published in 1823 and 1849 respectively, tried to communicate their knowledge about the treatment of dogs so that the readers of the handbooks could, hopefully, apply the information offered in their everyday life. The study clarifies how the authors organize the knowledge that they want their readers to take part of, how they show their readers opportunities to search for the desired knowledge and which reading paths within the handbooks that the readers are offered. The two handbooks are regarded as multimodal, dialogical, final and addressive texts, and the study reported is qualitative and comparative; the handbooks are compared with each other, with other studies of dog owner manuals in Swedish, and with studies of other types of practical handbooks in Swedish. The results show great similarities between the two handbooks regarding the investigated variables, but the handbook from 1849 is judged to be more well planned and easier to use for contemporary knowledge-seeking dog owners. Finally, further studies of the handbooks are suggested, including syntactic-focused studies of them, comparisons with contemporary veterinary medical literature and studies of a larger material of dog owners’ handbooks
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- Samuelsson, Göran, 1956-
(författare)
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I godsets skugga? Frälsebonden på Ängsö : Familj och arbete 1700-1880
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the beginning of the 18th century, around 95 percent of Sweden’s working population were engaged in some form of agricultural activity. They were mainly peasants who were administratively divided into three separate categories, skatte, krono and frälse farmers. The categories also reflected the form of taxation to which the land they tilled was subject. Land (type) was defined according to its tax rating, and the farmer who tilled the land was named according to its category. This dissertation deals with the problem concerning whether these differences in the tax coding of land, and thereby its general status, affected the everyday conditions of individual peasants. Was family life affected? Is it possible to identify differences in peasant’s interests and efforts to increase and improve the land they cultivated? Could a farmer’s relationship to his land influence his possibilities to generate wealth? This study is focussed on the customary tenants (frälsebönder - landbor), whose everyday conditions will be examined in detail and, in selected parts, be compared with those of the free tenants (skattebönder).The results of the study show that the frälse farmers in Ängsö parish lived in large households. Almost all farm households in Ängsö have, during their lifetime formed part of an extended family. An analysis of the size of households in Ängsö gave a figure, which is considerably higher than figures that have been shown previously for other areas in eastern Sweden. The extended family was the rule rather than the exception in Ängsö during the entire period covered by this study. The frälse farmers in Ängsö had also larger households than skatte farmers in the parish of Tortuna.It is obvious that the inhabitants of Ängsö implemented family planning. The interval between births indicates that there was conscious family planning in order to limit the number of births and determine the interval between them. The people of Ängsö tended during the entire research period to age and die close to their family.The results also demonstrate that living conditions must have changed over the years, and not for the better. Rural women in Ängsö appear to have lived a better life during the 18th century despite giving birth to considerably more children. Their life expectancy decreased during the 19th century by approximately 4.5 years.The study shows that fertility all the time was higher in the skatte parish Tortuna compared to the frälse parish Ängsö. There is a structural difference between skatte and frälse farmers concerning fertility levels. In this respect Ängsö and Tortuna parishes (skatte) in eastern Sweden differ from the district in western Sweden where frälse farmers were the most fertile group. The difference between Ängsö and Tortuna became increasingly evident after 1760 and culminated during the years 1790-1820. My findings indicate that frälse as well as skatte farmers were largely engaged in land clearing. The farmers themselves were initiating and responsible for practically all land clearance. Frälse farmers and crofters seem to have been as active in clearing land as skatte farmers with freehold rights.The frälse farmer, who also often took over his ancestors’ farm, did not pay a large sum of money when he took over. The reason was of course that he did not own the property. This is, presumably, the main reason why the value of the frälse farmer’s personal estate often was higher than the skatte farmers at all periods except for the last one. This thesis show, without any doubt, that the large group of Swedish farmers, which were called frälse farmers, did not manage their farms less well than the skatte farmers. Up to the time of their exit from Swedish agrarian history the frälse farmers were just as interested in efficiently managing and improving their farms and in creating growth and wealth as their skatte farmer colleagues were.
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