1.
Ejelöv, Marina, et al.
(författare)
“Many obstacles along the way” : follow-up of rehabilitation plans after multimodal pain rehabilitation
2016
Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177. ; 18:1, s. 18-26
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the content of rehabilitation plans after multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) for chronic pain patients, focusing on occupation-oriented measures. A secondary aim was to study how the individual rehabilitation plans had been carried out and implemented during 1 year after MMR. A multiple methods approach with quantitative and qualitative data was used. The quantitative part was descriptive and examined whether the rehabilitation plans were carried out, the number of recommendations in each plan and the type of measures suggested. The qualitative part constituted a content analysis of interviews. Vocational rehabilitation was the second most common recommendation for the whole group. The analysis of the interviews resulted in seven categories divided into two main categories: impeding factors and facilitating factors for rehabilitation. The compliance of professionals and external parties with the patients’ rehabilitation plans, and the patients’ positive experience of their change in behaviour, contributed to the completion of the rehabilitation plans. In conclusion, lack of follow-up from the professionals and negative bodily signals inhibited the completion of rehabilitation. Flexibility on the part of professionals and external actors regarding patients’ rehabilitation plans as well as their own positive experiences of striving for change facilitated rehabilitation.
2.
3.
Gerdle, Björn, et al.
(författare)
Who benefits from multimodal rehabilitation - an exploration of pain, psychological distress, and life impacts in over 35,000 chronic pain patients identified in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation
2019
Ingår i: Journal of Pain Research. - : DOVE Medical Press Ltd.. - 1178-7090. ; 12, s. 891-908
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Chronic pain patients frequently suffer from psychological symptoms. There is no consensus concerning the prevalence of severe anxiety and depressive symptoms and the strength of the associations between pain intensity and psychological distress. Although an important aspect of the clinical picture is understanding how the pain condition impacts life, little is known about the relative importance of pain and psychological symptoms for individual's life impact. The aims of this study were to identify subgroups of pain patients; to analyze if pain, psychological distress, and life impact variables influence subgrouping; and to investigate how patients in the subgroups benefit from treatments.Methods: Background variables, pain aspects (intensity/severity and spreading), psychological distress (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and two life impact variables (pain interference and perceived life control) were obtained from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation for chronic pain patients and analyzed mainly using advanced multivariate methods.Results: Based on >35,000 patients, 35%-40% had severe anxiety or depressive symptoms. Severe psychological distress was associated with being born outside Europe (21%-24% vs 6%-8% in the category without psychological distress) and low education level (20.7%-20.8% vs 26%-27% in the category without psychological distress). Dose relationships existed between the two psychological distress variables and pain aspects, but the explained variances were generally low. Pain intensity/severity and the two psychological distress variables were significantly associated (R2=0.40-0.48; P>0.001) with the two life impact variables (pain interference and life control). Two subgroups of patients were identified at baseline (subgroup 1: n=15,901-16,119; subgroup 2: n=20,690-20,981) and the subgroup with the worst situation regarding all variables participated less in an MMRP (51% vs 58%, P<0.001) but showed the largest improvements in outcomes.Conclusion: The results emphasize the need to assess both pain and psychological distress and not take for granted that pain involves high psychological stress in the individual case. Not all patients benefit from MMRP. A better matching between common clinical pictures and the content of MMRPs may help improve results. We only partly found support for treatment resistance in patients with psychological distress burden.
4.
Grooten, Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas, et al.
(författare)
Elaborating on the assessment of the risk of bias in prognostic studies in pain rehabilitation using QUIPS-aspects of interrater agreement
2019
Ingår i: Diagnostic and Prognostic Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-7523. ; 3
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Many studies have been performed to identify important prognostic factors for outcomes after rehabilitation of patients with chronic pain, and there is a need to synthesize them through systematic review. In this process, it is important to assess the study quality and risk of bias. The "Quality In Prognosis Studies" (QUIPS) tool has been developed for this purpose and consists of several prompting items categorized into six domains, and each domain is judged on a three-grade scale (low, moderate or high risk of bias). The aim of the present study was to determine the interrater agreement of the risk of bias assessment in prognostic studies of patients with chronic pain using QUIPS and to elaborate on the use of this instrument.Methods: We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of prognostic factors for long-term outcomes after multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with chronic pain. Two researchers rated the risk of bias in 43 published papers in two rounds (15 and 28 papers, respectively). The interrater agreement and Cohen's quadratic weighted kappa coefficient (κ) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated in all domains and separately for the first and second rounds.Results: The raters agreed in 61% of the domains (157 out of 258), with similar interrater agreement in the first (59%, 53/90) and second rounds (62%, 104/168). The overall weighted kappa coefficient (kappa for all domains and all papers) was weak: κ = 0.475 (95%CI = 0.358-0.601). A "minimal agreement" between the raters was found in the first round, κ = 0.323 (95%CI = 0.129-0.517), but increased to "weak agreement" in the second round, κ = 0.536 (95%CI = 0.390-0.682).Conclusion: Despite a relatively low interrater agreement, QUIPS proved to be a useful tool in assessing the risk of bias when performing a meta-analysis of prognostic studies in pain rehabilitation, since it demands of raters to discuss and investigate important aspects of study quality. Some items were particularly hard to differentiate in-between, and a learning phase was required to increase the interrater agreement. This paper highlights several aspects of the tool that should be kept in mind when rating the risk of bias in prognostic studies, and provides some suggestions on common pitfalls to avoid during this process.Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42016025339; registered 05 February 2016.
5.
Hållstam, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
Assessment and treatment at a pain clinic : a one-year follow-up of patients with chronic pain
2017
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 17:1, s. 233-242
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background and aims: Pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to seek primary health care. Pain relief is likely to be achieved for patients suffering from acute pain, but for individuals with chronic pain it is more likely that the condition will persist. These patients have the option of being referred to specialised pain clinics. However, the complexity surrounding chronic pain patients is not well studied in these settings. This study aimed to describe patients with chronic pain referred to a pain clinic by using the information submitted during their first visit and one year later and also to identify associations between baseline characteristics and improvements in health-related quality of life in the follow-up.Methods: This was a longitudinal observational study of a sample consisting of 318 patients referred to a pain clinic. One group of patients containing 271 individuals (median age 48, 64% females) was assessed and received conventional pain treatment (CPT group) and a second group of 47 patients (median age 53, 64% females) was assessed by a pain specialist and referred back to their physician with a treatment recommendation (assessment only, AO group). Patient-reported outcome measures in health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), pain intensity (VAS), mental health (HADS), insomnia (ISI), pain-related disability (PDI), kinesiophobia (TSK) and sense of coherence (SOC) were collected at the first visit and one year later.Results: At baseline, the CPT group reported a low EQ-5D Index (median (md) 0.157) and EQVAS (md 40) as well as considerable high, current pain intensity VAS (md 58), HADS anxiety (md 8), ISI (md 17), PDI (md 36) and TSK (md 39). The AO group showed similar problems (no significant differences compared to the CPT group), except for ISI, where the AO group reported less severe problems. At the one-year follow-up, the CPT group had a statistically significant improvement in EQ-5D, VAS, ISI, PDI and TSK. In the AO group no significant changes were observed. In the CPT group there was an association between a high ISI level at baseline and an improved EQ-5D Index in the follow-up.Conclusions: The study describes rarely explored groups of patients with chronic pain at a pain clinic. Severe pain problems were present in both groups at their first visit. A statistically significant improvement could be seen in the group that was conventionally treated while this was not the case among those subjects who were assessed and referred. The results imply, that relatively limited treatment strategies were helpful for the patients' health-related quality of life. Despite these improvements, the patients were not fully recovered, pointing to the chronicity of pain conditions and the need of support for many patients.Implications: Increased knowledge about assessment, selection and treatment at pain clinics is important to improve the quality of the work performed at these clinics. Despite limited resources, further efforts should be made to collect comparable, valid data on a regular base from pain clinics in order to develop recommendation models.
6.
Rivano Fischer, Marcelo, et al.
(författare)
Variability in patient characteristics and service provision of interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation : a study using the Swedish national quality registry for pain rehabilitation
2020
Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Foundation for Rehabilitation Information. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 52:11
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Objective: To describe the organization, content and dosage of interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation, and the differences in degree of severity of problems of patients admitted to clinical units reporting to a Swedish national quality pain registry, grouped according to unit size and possible affiliation with a university hospital.Methods: Reports from 31 out of 39 clinical units in Sweden, on inclusion processes, organization, content and dosage of interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation, and patient-reported data from a Swedish national quality pain registry at assessment for interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation were analysed.Results: the number of patients treated annually at each unit ranged from 3 to 340. In 17 units, teams comprised 5 professionals. Dosage of interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation ranged from 20-180 h per patient in total. Patients at the university-hospital units scored the highest levels of symptoms and lowest levels of health related quality of life. Units used similar sets of inclusion criteria, and several treatments, such as education, self-training and psychological interventions, were used by most units.Conclusion: When interpreting outcome data from registries, aspects other than rehabilitation out-comes must be considered. The interpretation of outcomes from quality registries would be facilitated if data, in addition to assessments and patient reported outcomes, also includes standardized descriptions of the reporting clinical units.
7.
Spinord, Linda, et al.
(författare)
Finding self-worth : Experiences during a multimodal rehabilitation program when living at a residency away from home
2020
Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Pain - Revue canadienne de la douleur. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2474-0527. ; 4:1, s. 237-246
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
BackgroundPatients with chronic pain who live in rural areas often need to travel long distances to participate in multimodal rehabilitation programs. To reduce traveling during the programs, patients sometimes live at a residency close to the clinic and thus far from home.AimsThe aim of this study was to explore how patients with chronic pain experience participation in an Multimodal rehabilitation program while living at a residencyMethodTwelve patients from two specialist clinics in northern Sweden were interviewed about their experiences of participating in multimodal rehabilitation program. The data were analysed qualitatively using a grounded theory method with an emergent design.ResultsThe analyses resulted in a model with the core category “Finding my self-worth” consisting of four categories: “Space for myself”, “Mirroring myself”, “I am of value” and “Dealing with returning to everyday life”. The model illustrates the process whereby participants are given space for themselves and an opportunity to mirror themselves in interaction with other participants. That provided insight about their self-worth which was valuable for return to everyday life at home and work.ConclusionLiving at a residency during multimodal rehabilitation provided added value when patients were relived from the obligations of everyday life at home, and given time for reflection and interaction with others in similar situations. This contributed to awareness of their own value and the necessity of taking care of themselves. This new insight led to increased motivation to act differently at home.
8.
Stenberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
Implementing multimodal pain rehabilitation in primary care : a health care professional perspective
2017
Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 39:21, s. 2173-2181
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Purpose: To explore professional perspectives on how to start and work with multimodal pain rehabilitation within primary healthcare. Methods: Fourteen healthcare professionals (11 women, 3 men) were individually interviewed about their experiences of starting and working with multimodal pain. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed by qualitative content analysis. This study was part of a larger project, which aimed at evaluating multimodal pain rehabilitation in primary care. Results: The analysis resulted in six categories. Two categories were about management engagement: putting the focus on rehabilitation and creating appropriate conditions. Three were about professional engagement: importance of driving spirits, creating a program - a process, and good teamwork - not a coincidence. The last category was about professional gain from multimodal rehabilitation (MMR): team work is enriching. Conclusions: To enable implementation of MMR in primary care, managers on all organizational levels must take responsibility for allowing rehabilitation to be a priority. A driving spirit among the professionals facilitates the start, but the entire team is important when processing a program. Creating good teamwork requires hard work, e.g., negotiations for consensus about rehabilitation, and assumption of responsibility by each team member. Collaboration between professionals was perceived to strengthen and enhance knowledge about the patients.
9.
Stenberg, Maud, et al.
(författare)
Computed tomography and clinical outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
2017
Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 31:3, s. 351-358
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study: (i) acute computed tomography (CT) characteristics and clinical outcome; (ii) clinical course and (iii) Corticosteroid Randomisation after Significant Head Injury acute calculator protocol (CRASH) model and clinical outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).METHODS: Initial CT (CTi) and CT 24 hours post-trauma (CT24) were evaluated according to Marshall and Rotterdam classifications. Rancho Los Amigos Cognitive Scale-Revised (RLAS-R) and Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) were assessed at three months and one year post-trauma. The prognostic value of the CRASH model was evaluated.RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients were included. Marshall CTi and CT24 were significantly correlated with RLAS-R at three months. Rotterdam CT24 was significantly correlated with GOSE at three months. RLAS-R and the GOSE improved significantly from three months to one year. CRASH predicted unfavourable outcome at six months for 81% of patients with bad outcome and for 85% of patients with favourable outcome according to GOSE at one year.CONCLUSION: Neither CT nor CRASH yielded clinically useful predictions of outcome at one year post-injury. The study showed encouragingly many instances of significant recovery in this population of sTBI. The combination of lack of reliable prognostic indicators and favourable outcomes supports the case for intensive acute management and rehabilitation as the default protocol in the cases of sTBI.
10.
Stenberg, Maud, 1957-
(författare)
Severe traumatic brain injury : clinical course and prognostic factors
2016
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a major health problem and is a leading cause of long-term disability and death. Patients with severe traumatic brain injury, S-TBI, comprise a heterogeneous group with varying complexity and prognosis. The primary aim of this thesis was to increase knowledge about clinical course and outcome with regard to prognostic factors. Papers I, II and III were based on data from a prospective multicentre observational study from six neurotrauma centers (NCs) in Sweden and Iceland of patients (n=103-114), 18-65 years with S-TBI requiring neurosurgical intensive care or collaborative care with a neurosurgeon (the “PROBRAIN” study). Paper IV and V were performed on a regional subset (n=37).In Paper I, patients with posttraumatic disorders of consciousness (DOC) were assessed as regards relationship between conscious state at 3 weeks and outcomes at 1 year. The number of patients who emerged from minimally conscious state (EMCS) 1 year after injury according to status at 3 weeks were: coma (0/6), unresponsive wakeful syndrome (UWS) (9/17), minimally conscious state (MCS) (13/13), anaesthetized (9/11). Outcome at 1 year was good (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE>4) in half of the patients in MCS (or anaesthetized) at 3 weeks, but not for any of the patients in coma or UWS. In Paper II, the relationships between clinical care descriptors and outcome at 1 year were assessed. A longer length of stay in intensive care, and longer time between discharge from intensive care and admission to inpatient rehabilitation, were both associated with a worse outcome on the GOSE. The number of intervening care units between intensive care and rehabilitation, was not significantly associated with outcome at 1 year. In Paper III, the clinical course of cognitive and emotional impairments as reflected in the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were assessed from 3 weeks to 1 year together with associations with outcomes GOSE and Rancho Los Amigos Cognitive Scale-Revised (RLAS-R) at 1 year. Cognition improved over time and appeared to be stable from 3 months to 1 year. In Paper IV, clinical parameters, the clinical pathways from injury to 3 months after discharge from the NC in relation to outcomes 3 months post-injury. Ratings on the RLAS-R improved significantly over time. Eight patients had both “superior cognitive functioning” on the RLAS-R and “favourable outcome” on the GOSE. Acute transfers to the one regional NC was direct and swift, transfers for postacute rehabilitation scattered patients to many hospitals/hospital departments, not seldom by several transitional stages. In Paper V, an initial computerized tomography of the brain (CTi) and a further posttraumatic brain CT after 24 hours (CT24) were evaluated according to protocols for standardized assessment, the Marshall and Rotterdam classifications. The CT scores only correlated with clinical outcome measures (GOSE and RLAS-R) at 3 months, but failed to yield prognostic information regarding outcome at 1 year. A prognostic model was also implemented, based on acute data (CRASH model). This model predicted unfavourable outcomes for 81% of patients with bad outcome and for 85% of patients with favourable outcome according to GOSE at 1 year. When assessing outcomes per se, both GOSE and RLAS-R improved significantly from 3 months to 1 year. The papers in this study point both to the generally favourable outcomes that result from active and aggressive management of S-TBI, while also underscore our current lack of reliable instruments for outcome prediction. In the absence of an ability to select patients based on prognostication, the overall favourable prognosis lends support for providing active rehabilitation to all patients with S-TBI. The results of these studies should be considered in conjunction with the prognosis of long-term outcomes and the planning of rehabilitation and care pathways. The results demonstrate the importance of a combination of active, acute neurotrauma care and intensive specialized neurorehabilitation with follow-up for these severely injured patients.
