1.
Kleppang, Annette Lovheim, et al.
(författare)
Electronic media use and symptoms of depression among adolescents in Norway
2021
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library of science. - 1932-6203. ; 16:7
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the association between electronic media use, including use of social media and gaming, and symptoms of depression, and whether gender or having friends moderated these associations. Methods This study was based on self-reported cross-sectional data from the Ungdata survey, conducted in 2018 by the Norwegian Social Research (NOVA) Institute in cooperation with seven regional drug and alcohol competence centres. The target group comprised 12,353 15-16 years old adolescents. Binominal logistic regression was used to analyse the association between electronic media use and symptoms of depression. Results The odds of having symptoms of depression were higher for those who used social media more than 3 hours per day (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.43-1.80), compared to those who used social media 3 hours or less per day. Additionally, the odds of having symptoms of depression was higher for those who used more than 3 hours on gaming per day (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36-1.80), compared to those who used 3 hours and less on gaming per day after adjustment for potential confounders. There were no interaction effects between social media and gaming use with symptoms of depression. Neither were the associations between social media use and gaming with symptoms of depression moderated by gender or having friends. Conclusions The odds of having symptoms of depression were significantly higher for adolescents with a more frequent use of electronic media.
2.
Danielsson, Nanette, et al.
(författare)
Associations between adolescent sleep disturbance and different worry themes: findings from a repeated cross-sectional study from 1988 to 2011
2016
Ingår i: Sleep Health. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 2352-7218 .- 2352-7226. ; 2:3, s. 194-197
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
ObjectiveThe objective was to investigate relationships between adolescent sleep disturbance and various worry themes.MethodsQuestionnaire data from 8 cross-sectional collections between 1988 and 2011 were used. The sample included more than 20,000 adolescents aged 15-16. Binary logistic regressions were used for the analyses.ResultsSleep disturbance and female sex increased the odds of worrying about all themes. Sleep disturbance shared stronger associations with worry about financial security, accidents/illness, being bullied, and terrorist attacks (odds ratios, 2.65-3.35) compared with worry about environmental destruction or nuclear war (odds ratios, 1.73-2.11). No interactions between sleep and year of investigation were found.ConclusionsLittle is known about the association between adolescent worry and sleep, and about sleep disturbance and specific worry content. This study shows that the strength in the relationship between adolescent worry and sleep varies with worry themes. Knowledge of the worry content related to sleep may aid in targeting preventions and interventions.
3.
Ma, Li, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
The association between screen time and reported depressive symptoms among adolescents in Sweden
2021
Ingår i: Family practice. - Oxford : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2229 .- 0263-2136. ; 38:6, s. 773-779
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
BACKGROUND: How screen use is associated with adolescents' mental health has been widely debated in public media during the last decade, but there is still lack of information about if and how the associations vary between types of electronic media. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine how time spent on types of screen use (social media, gaming alone, gaming in groups and watching TV) was associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents in Sweden, and whether gender moderated these associations. METHODS: We analysed data from the Swedish section of the Children of Immigrants: Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries. The final sample consisted of 3556 eighth grade adolescents in 2011 (51% girls). We used logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratio of feeling depressed often versus less often/not at all using time spent on different types of screen use as predictor variables. Additionally, we tested interaction effects between gender and the predictor variables. RESULTS: Our results showed that spending more than 2 hours on social media was associated with higher odds of feeling depressed often compared with spending 2 hours or less. Not watching TV was associated with higher odds of feeling depressed often compared with watching TV. These patterns did not differ across genders. Gaming alone and gaming in groups were not associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that more frequent social media use and not watching TV were associated with a higher level of depressive symptoms. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. This study examined how time spent on four types of screen use including social media, gaming alone, gaming in groups and watching TV was associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents in Sweden, and whether these associations differed for girls and boys. We analysed data from the Swedish section of the Children of Immigrants: Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries. The final sample consisted of 3556 eighth grade adolescents in 2011 (51% girls). We used logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratio of feeling depressed often versus less often/not at all using time spent on different types of screen use as predictor variables. In addition, we tested interaction effects between gender and the predictor variables. Our results showed that social media use and not watching TV was associated with higher odds of feeling depressed often. Gaming alone and gaming in groups were not associated with higher level of depressive symptoms. These patterns did not differ across genders.
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6.
Hagquist, Curt, et al.
(författare)
Tobaksvanor 1996 och 2000 - En undersökning bland ungdomar i Malmö, Värmland och Västernorrland
2004
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
I föreliggande rapport redovisas en studie bland ungdomar om tobaksvanor och attityder till tobak. Undersökningen har genomförts på uppdrag av Folkhälsoinstitutet och är en del av utvärderingen av den lag om åldersgräns vid 18 år för inköp av tobak, som infördes den 1 januari 1997.Studien genomfördes i november åren 1996 och 2000 och omfattade samtliga elever i årskurs 7 och 9 på högstadiet samt årskurs 2 i gymnasieskolan i Malmö kommun, Värmlands län och Västernorrlands län. Data insamlades med hjälp av ett frågeformulär som besvarades anonymt i klassrummen. Resultaten från undersökningen visar att ungdomars rökvanor i stort sett är desamma hösten 2000 som hösten 1996. Snusandet bland niondeklassare är dock betydligt vanligare år 2000 jämfört med fyra år tidigare. Medan tobaksinköpen i årskurs 7 minskat mellan undersökningstillfällena ligger dessa på ungefär samma nivå i de två äldre årsgrupperna. Tilltron till att 18-årsgränsen skall minska ungdomsrökandet är betydligt lägre i samtliga tre årskurser år 2000 än år 1996. Resultaten indikerar att ålderskontrollen fungerar bristfälligt.Författare: Curt Hagquist är docent i folkhälsovetenskap och anställd vid Karlstads universitet. Tony Nilsson är fil mag. i folkhälsovetenskap och anställd vid Karlstads universitet. Mona Sundh är master i folkhälsovetenskap och anställd vid Karlstads universitet. Charli Eriksson är professor i folkhälsovetenskap vid Örebro universitet och tidigare vetenskapligt ansvarig vid Folkhälsoinstitutet. Arja Rimpelä är professor i folkhälsovetenskap vid Tammerfors universitet i Finland. Matti Rimpelä är professor vid Stakes (Forsknings- och utvecklingscentralen för social- och hälsovård) i Finland.
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8.
Sundh, Mona, et al.
(författare)
Compliance with a minimum-age law of 18 for the purchase of tobacco – the case of Sweden
2006
Ingår i: Health Education Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1153 .- 1465-3648. ; 21:3, s. 378-385
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
The purpose was 2-fold: first to analyse howcompliance with the minimum-age law of 18for the purchase of tobacco has changed overtime, second to determine what factors affectthe possibility for adolescents to buy cigarettes.Three series (1996, 1999 and 2002) oftest purchases of tobacco were conducted inthree regions of Sweden. Altogether, 36 test purchaserscarried out 1867 test purchases. In1996, 93% of all attempted purchases resultedin the purchase of cigarettes. The correspondingfigures for 1999 were 80% and for 2002 63%.The results indicate significant regional differencesin the test purchasers’ opportunities tobuy cigarettes. This paper demonstrates thatcompliance with the minimum-age law has hadan effect on the ease with which adolescentspurchase cigarettes, and further that such purchasehas become more difficult. The study alsoindicates great potential for local efforts toinduce more retailers to comply with the law.
9.
Sundh, Mona, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
Hur effektiv är 18-årsgränsen för inköp av tobak? : resultat från provinköpsstudier genomförda i Malmö stad, Värmlands län och Västernorrlands län
2003
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
I föreliggande rapport redovisas tre studier av ungdomars möjligheter att köpa tobaksprodukter, före respektive efter införandet av 18-årsgränsen för inköp av tobak den 1 januari 1997. Undersökningarna, som sker på uppdrag av Statens Folkhälsoinstitut, har genomförts vid institutionen för samhällsvetenskap vid Karlstads universitet i samarbete med Tammerfors universitet i Finland.De tre provinköpsstudierna genomfördes åren 1996, 1999 och 2002 i Malmö stad, Värmlands län och Västernorrlands län. Totalt genomfördes 2250 provinköp av tobak av 36 ungdomar.Resultaten visar att åldersgränsen för inköp av tobak har haft effekt på ungdomars möjlighet att köpa tobak och att betydelsen av åldersgränsen kvarstår även sex år efter införandet av 18-årsgränsen. År 1996 slutade 91 procent av provinköpen med att de medverkande ungdomarna fick handla snus eller cigaretter. Motsvarande andel var 82 procent år 1999 och 66 procent år 2002. Vidare visar studierna att en väl fungerande ålderskontroll är av avgörande betydelse för utfallet av provinköpen.Författare:Mona Sundh är sociolog och master i folkhälsovetenskap. Hon är anställd vid institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, Karlstads universitet. Hennes forskningsområden är ungdomars hälsa med inriktning mot tobaksfrågor.Curt Hagquist är docent i folkhälsovetenskap och anställd vid institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, Karlstads universitet. Hans forskningsområden är barns och ungdomars levnadsförhållanden med fokus på psykisk hälsa och hälsorelaterade vanor.Arja Rimpelä är professor i folkhälsovetenskap vid institutionen för hälsovetenskap, Tammerfors universitet i Finland. Hennes forskningsområde är ungdomars hälsa och hälsobeteende, tobakspolitik och sociodemografiska skillnader i hälsa.Matti Rimpelä är professor vid Stakes (Forsknings- och utvecklingscentralen för social- och hälsovård), Finland. Hans forskningsområde är hälsofrämjande arbete i skolor och kommuner.
10.
Sundh, Mona, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
The importance of an minimum age law for the possibility of purchase of tobacco by adolecents : study based on Swedish experiences
2004
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:1, s. 68-74
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
AIMS:The purpose of the study is partly to compare the possibility of adolescents purchasing tobacco before and after the introduction of the minimum age law of 18 years, respectively, and partly to examine the factors that characterize the situations in which adolescents may or may not purchase tobacco, respectively.METHODS:Under controlled conditions, adolescents of varying ages carried out test purchases of tobacco. A total of 1,500 attempted purchases were made with the help of 24 adolescents in three regions of Sweden. In 1996, the year before a minimum-age law of 18 for tobacco purchases went into effect, 750 attempted purchases were made, followed by 750 attempted purchases in 1999.RESULTS:In 1996, 91% of the attempted purchases of tobacco were successful. In 1999, the corresponding proportion was 82%. The attempted purchases in 1996 and 1999 show a very strong relationship between whether an age check was made and the result of the attempted purchase.CONCLUSIONS:The study shows that the introduction of a minimum-age law apparently has had a certain effect on the possibility of adolescent purchasing tobacco but that there are obvious shortcomings in the enforcement of the minimum age. The most apparent shortcoming concerns the lack of age controls. This article discusses measures for strengthening age controls in the sale of tobacco to adolescents.
