| 1. |
- Carlsson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of coeliac disease in Turner syndrome
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 88, s. 933-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of coeliac disease in children and adolescents with Turner syndrome. Eighty-seven children and adolescents with Turner syndrome were screened for IgA- antiendomysium antibodies (EMA) and IgA-antigliadin antibodies (AGA), 5% (4/87) being found to be EMA-positive, and 15% (13/87) to have AGA levels above normal. Of the 10 patients who were either AGA- or EMA-positive and further investigated with intestinal biopsy, four manifested villous atrophy (i.e. all three of the EMA-positive patients, but only one of the seven AGA- positive patients). The results suggest EMA-positivity to be a good immunological marker for use in screening for coeliac disease, and such screening to be justified in patients with Turner syndrome.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Gerdin, Bengt, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Localisation of hyaluronan in the human intestinal wall.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Gut. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 32:7, s. 760-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By using biotin labelled proteoglycan core protein and an avidin enzyme system, hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) was visualised in specimens of human jejunum. Intense staining for hyaluronan was seen in the loose connective tissue of the villi and of lamina propria while the epithelial layer was unstained. The muscularis mucosae showed only faint staining. The accumulation of hyaluronan in the subepithelial layer of the jejunal mucosa indicates that the previously reported high jejunal secretion of hyaluronan is due to passive diffusion from the subepithelial interstitium. The physicochemical characteristics conferred by hyaluronan may be important for the villi function.
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| 4. |
- Raab, Y, et al.
(författare)
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A technique for segmental rectal and colonic perfusion in humans.
- 1992
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 87:10, s. 1453-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enable a better characterization of pathophysiologic processes in colon and rectum, we have developed a perfusion technique for collection of soluble substances and cells from standardized intestinal segments. A tube with balloons attached to its outer wall was endoscopically introduced into the rectum and sigmoid colon, and its position ascertained fluoroscopically. The balloons delimited two segments, one in the sigmoid colon and one in the rectum. The segments were simultaneously perfused by a buffer at 37 degrees C. After a 30-min rinsing period, perfusate and cells were collected at 20-min intervals. Of 51 attempted perfusions, 45 were successfully completed. Recovered volumes equaled those infused. Leakage from the proximal intestine to the segments was negligible. In 18 healthy volunteers, the mean perfusate concentration from the rectal segment was 57.5 (27.5-120.2) mg/L for albumin, 1.3 (1.0-1.7) micrograms/L for eosinophil cationic protein, 5.1 (2.8-9.5) ng/L for prostaglandin E2, and 61.7 (41.7-89.1) micrograms/L for hyaluronan, and all values were lower in the sigmoid segment. Steady state conditions were achieved from the second perfusion period. The perfusate contained 4-80 x 10(4) cells, more than 95% of which were epithelial cells. The technique is safe, has a good subject compliance, and seems to be a valuable tool in investigations on quantitative release of soluble substances and cells in, e.g., colorectal inflammation.
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| 5. |
- Raab, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced intestinal synthesis of interleukin-6 is related to the disease severity and activity in ulcerative colitis.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Digestion. - 0012-2823 .- 1421-9867. ; 55:1, s. 44-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured in the perfusion fluid from investigated rectal and sigmoid segments in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The colorectal release of this substance from segments with active inflammation was greatly increased compared with that found in healthy controls and correlated to the mucosal damage defined by plasma protein leakage and endoscopic findings. The perfusate/serum ratio of IL-6 was significantly higher than the corresponding ratio of albumin, indicating that the increased amount of IL-6 detected in the perfusion fluid was synthesized in the inflamed colorectal mucosa. A strong correlation between the concentrations of IL-6 and of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in perfusion fluid suggests that macrophages/monocytes are cells of importance in the stimulated local synthesis of IL-6. The calculated total colorectal release of IL-6 was significantly correlated to the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein and alpha 1-antitrypsin, demonstrating that the acute phase response in patients with UC reflects the amount of locally produced IL-6.
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| 6. |
- Raab, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Eosinophil activation in ulcerative colitis : studies on mucosal release and localization of eosinophil granule constituents.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Digestive Diseases and Sciences. - 0163-2116 .- 1573-2568. ; 43:5, s. 1061-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of eosinophil granulocytes (eosinophils) seems to contribute to the pathophysiology of several inflammatory conditions. This process was evaluated in 18 patients with ulcerative colitis and in 18 healthy controls using intraluminal segmental perfusion of the sigmoid colon and rectum and immunoanalysis for eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in the perfusate. Immunohistochemistry for eosinophils and neutrophils was made in simultaneously taken biopsies and in biopsies from surgical specimens taken from additional 10 patients. The mucosal release of ECP was increased severalfold in patients with UC. The bowel biopsies demonstrated a lamina propria infiltrated with eosinophils. The degree of eosinophil activation/degranulation was related to the intensity of the inflammatory reaction. Activated eosinophils and extracellular deposits of ECP were, in particular, seen in crypt abscesses and in areas with damaged surface epithelium. Since ECP is highly cytotoxic, its release at the site of inflammatory bowel lesions might reflect a potential pathophysiological mechanism.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Raab, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophil mucosal involvement is accompanied by enhanced local production of interleukin-8 in ulcerative colitis.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Gut. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 34:9, s. 1203-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concentration of myeloperoxidase, a neutrophil granule constituent, was measured in the perfusion fluid from sigmoid and rectal segments in patients with ulcerative colitis. The concentrations of myeloperoxidase were increased severalfold in the patients with ulcerative colitis compared with healthy controls pointing to an enhanced neutrophil activity. The release of myeloperoxidase correlated to an enhanced local release of the neutrophil activating peptide interleukin-8 (IL-8). Increased values of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) were also found during intestinal perfusion of the patients and correlated with those of IL-8. The results obtained are compatible with the hypothesis that local mucosal recruitment/activation of neutrophils in ulcerative colitis is mediated by an enhanced IL-8 synthesis. TNF-alpha may be one relevant factor as a stimulus to IL-8 synthesis.
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