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- Risberg, Jarl, et al.
(författare)
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A new tomographic technique for absolute measurements of white and gray matter blood flow
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Meeting in Neuropsychology, Turku, Finland, August 26–29, 2004, 85.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Most methods for measurements of the regional cerebral blood flow are unable to provide absolute blood flow values. Until now interest has been focused on measurement of the gray matter blood flow, while the white matter blood flow has been rather neglected. The aim of the present project was to develop and evaluate an improved method for reliable tomographic measurements of absolute white and gray matter blood flow Method. The new tomographic method (modified Xe-SPECT) is based on an extension of the period of 133Xe inhalation from one to eight minutes followed by 22 instead of four minutes of breathing of ambient air. This gives a markedly enhanced signal from the white matter and better basis for correct quantification of the blood flow. The arrival and clearance of the tracer are recorded by a three head gamma camera system that provides flow maps with a spatial resolution of about one cm. Results The new method has been evaluated in 33 healthy younger and older (around 70 years) subjects as well as in a group of elderly patients with organic dementia. Our preliminary findings indicate that new and clinically valuable information is obtained by the improved Xe-SPECT method.
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- Risberg, Jarl, et al.
(författare)
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A new tomographic technique for absolute measurements of white and gray matter blood flow
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. - 1355-6177. ; 9, s. 323-323
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integrity of the white matter is as important as that of the gray matter and white matter pathology has commonly been reported in elderly subjects and in patients with organic dementia. The aim of the present study is to develop and evaluate an improved method for reliable tomographic measurements of absolute white and gray matter blood flow. The new tomographic method (modified Xe-SPECT) is based on an extension of the period of 133Xe inhalation from one to eight minutes followed by 22 instead of four minutes of breathing of ambient air. This gives a markedly enhanced signal from the white matter and better basis for correct quantification pf the blood flow. The arrival and clearance of the tracer are recorded by a three head gamma camera system that provides flow maps with a spatial resolution of about one cm. The new method has been evaluated in healthy younger and older (around 70 years) subjects as well as in a group of elderly patients with organic dementia. Our preliminary findings indicate that new and clinically valuable information is obtained by the improved Xe-SPECT method
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- Fine, Kimberly L., et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Early Prescribed Opioid Initiation and Risk of Suicidal Behavior
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prescription opioid use has been linked to increased risk of suicidal behavior in adults. However, little research exists examining the role of prescription opioid use on risk of suicidal behavior in children and adolescents. This population is at high risk for suicidal behavior, as suicide is the second leading cause of death for people ages 10 to 34. Using healthcare data from Swedish population registers, we aimed to characterize the extent to which exposure to opioids at a young age leads to an increased risk of new onset suicidal behavior, for those with no history of suicidal behavior. Compared to demographically matched non-recipients, young people who initiated prescription opioids had just under three times the rate of subsequent suicidal behavior (HR = 2.64, 95% CI, 2.47-2.81). Compared to their unexposed siblings, young people who initiated prescription opioids had roughly two times the rate of subsequent suicidal behavior (HR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.67-2.01). Finally, compared to young people initiating prescription NSAIDs, young people who initiated prescription opioids had only 19% relatively greater rates of suicidal behavior (HR, 1.19, 95% CI, 1.11-1.27). These results suggest the association between prescription opioids and suicidal behavior may be driven by the underlying pain indication.
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- Johansson, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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INCREASED LEVELS OF ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER AORTIC STIFFNESS IN YOUNGER INDIVIDUALS OF THE GENERAL POPULATION
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 41:Suppl 3, s. 269-269
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) is an established risk marker in diabetic vascular disease, and associated with the degree of diabetes complications, renal failure, and atherosclerosis in older individuals. The relationship between aortic stiffness and AGEs has not been thoroughly examined in the younger population. We aimed to evaluate the association between AGEs and aortic stiffness in the general population of young and mid-aged adults with few comorbidities.Design and method: We cross-sectionally analysed 2518 participants from a prospective population-based cohort (mean age 41.8±14.5 years, 52.2% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader™, which is a well-validated, non-invasive method. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and augmentation index adjusted for resting heart rate (Aix) at the arteria radialis using SphygmoCor®. Linear regression stratified by age equal to or below 50 years (n = 1689) and 51 years and above (n = 829) was used to analyse associations between AGEs, and PWV and Aix in a univariate model and multivariable model adjusted for sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, fasting glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate, low-density-lipoprotein, and current smoking.Results: Mean cf-PWV and Aix across quartiles of AGEs in both age groups are shown in Figure 1. We found that one unit increase in skin autofluorescence was significantly associated with direct aortic stiffness (cf-PWV) after adjustment in younger individuals below or equal to 50 years old (unstandardized beta-coefficient (B) cf-PWV 0.59 m/s, pConclusions: Our findings show that higher levels of advanced glycation end products are positively associated with increased direct and indirect arterial stiffness in younger individuals with few comorbidities, independent of cardiometabolic risk factors. Future studies are warranted to elucidate the effect of reduced AGE dietary consumption and AGE-inhibition on aortic stiffness.
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- Nilsson, Maria H, et al.
(författare)
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Walking difficulties is the main contributor to fear of falling in people with Parkinson’s disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: - : Oxford University Press (OUP). ; , s. 1389-1389
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear of falling is more common and pronounced in people with Parkinson’s disease than in controls. We conducted a series of studies that used multivariable regression analyses to identify explanatory factors of fear of falling in people with Parkinson’s disease. Three independent samples were used. The first study (n=154) was a postal survey study that used well-established self-rating scales. The second study replicated the first one by using a clinical sample (n=104) and added unexplored motor aspects (e.g., gait speed, functional balance performance) as well as global cognition. The third clinical study (n=241) included independent variables that focused on personal (e.g. general self-efficacy) and environmental factors as well as Parkinson-related disabilities. In all three studies, walking difficulties was the strongest explanatory (60–68%) factor. The results imply that walking difficulties in daily life should be the primary target in order to reduce fear of falling in people with Parkinson’s disease.
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