| 1. |
- Kramberger, Milica Gregoric, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between EEG abnormalities and CSF biomarkers in a memory clinic cohort
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 36:5-6, s. 319-328
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of the study was to describe distinct electroencephalogram (EEG) phenotypes defined after routine visual EEG analysis in a large memory clinic cohort and to investigate their relationship to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Methods: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (n = 131), mild cognitive impairment (n = 285), subjective cognitive impairment (n = 310), and mixed dementia (n = 29) were assessed clinically with neuroimaging, EEG and CSF investigations. EEG phenotypes were based on frequency of background activity (BA) and presence and degree of episodic abnormalities (EA). Results: BA and EA differed significantly (p < 0.001) between diagnostic groups. A lower CSF amyloid β42/phospho-tau ratio and higher total tau were associated with slower BA (p < 0.01) and a higher degree of EA (p < 0.04). Conclusions: Slowing of BA in combination with EA seems to be related to biological markers of neurodegeneration
|
|
| 2. |
- Mangialasche, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
-
Serum levels of vitamin E forms and risk of cognitive impairment in a Finnish cohort of older adults
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Experimental Gerontology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0531-5565 .- 1873-6815. ; 48:12, s. 1428-1435
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Vitamin E includes eight natural antioxidant compounds (four tocopherols and four tocotrienols), but a-tocopherol has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Objective: To investigate the association between serum levels of tocopherols and tocotrienols, markers of vitamin E oxidative/nitrosative damage (alpha-tocopherylquinone, 5-nitro-gamma-tocopherol) and incidence of cognitive impairment in a population-based study. Design: A sample of 140 non-cognitively impaired elderly subjects derived from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) study was followed-up for 8 years to detect cognitive impairment, defined as development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's dementia. The association between baseline serum vitamin E and cognitive impairment was analyzed with multiple logistic regression after adjusting for several confounders. Results: The risk of cognitive impairment was lower in subjects in the middle tertile of the alpha-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio than in those in the lowest tertile: the multiadjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.10-0.78). Higher incidence of cognitive impairment was found in the middle [OR (95% CI): 3.41 (1.29-9.06)] and highest [OR (95% CI): 2.89 (1.05-7.97)] tertiles of the 5-NO2-gamma-tocopherol/gamma-tocopherol ratio. Analyses of absolute serum levels of vitamin E showed lower risk of cognitive impairment in subjects with higher levels of gamma-tocopherol, beta-tocotrienol, and total tocotrienols. Conclusions: Elevated levels of tocopherol and tocotrienol forms are associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment in older adults. The association is modulated by concurrent cholesterol concentration. Various vitamin E forms might play a role in cognitive impairment, and their evaluation can provide a more accurate measure of vitamin E status in humans.
|
|
| 3. |
- Weidung, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
-
Temporal Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Trends in the Very Old in the 21st Century
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 93:1, s. 61-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Long-increasing dementia incidence and prevalence trends may be shifting. Whether such shifts have reached the very old is unknown. Objective: To investigate temporal trends in the incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment and prevalence of dementia, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and unclassified dementia among 85-, 90-, and >= 95-year-olds in Sweden during 2000-2017.Methods: This study was conducted with Ume degrees a 85 + /Gerontological Regional Database data from 2182 85-, 90-, and >= 95-year-olds in Sweden collected in 2000-2017. Using logistic regression, trends in the cumulative 5-year incidences of dementia and cognitive impairment; prevalences of dementia, cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia; and Mini-Mental State Examination thresholds for dementia diagnosis were estimated.Results: Dementia and cognitive impairment incidences decreased in younger groups, which generally showed more-positive temporal trends. The prevalences of overall dementia, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease were stable or increasing; longer disease durations and increasing dementia subtype classification success may mask positive changes in incidences. Vascular dementia increased while unclassified dementia generally decreased.Conclusion: The cognitive health of the very old may be changing in the 21st century, possibly indicating a trend break.
|
|
| 4. |
- Gustafson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
A factor analytic approach to symptom patterns in dementia.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0252 .- 2090-8024.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous publications have shown a high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of three short clinical rating scales for Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and vascular dementia (VaD) validated against neuropathological (NP) diagnoses. In this study, the aim was to perform an exploratory factor analysis of the items in these clinical rating scales. The study included 190 patients with postmortem diagnoses of AD (n = 74), VaD (n = 33), mixed AD/VaD (n = 31), or FTD (n = 52). The factor analysis produced three strong factors. Factor 1 contained items describing cerebrovascular disease, similar to the Hachinski Ischemic Score. Factor 2 enclosed major clinical characteristics of FTD, and factor 3 showed a striking similarity to the AD scale. A fourth symptom cluster was described by perception and expression of emotions. The factor analyses strongly support the construct validity of the diagnostic rating scales.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fält, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
-
Agreement between mothers', fathers', and teachers' ratings of behavioural and emotional problems in 3-5-year-old children
- 2018
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a valid and reliable instrument for measuring children's mental health, is available in parent- and teacher versions, making it an ideal tool for assessing behavioural and emotional problems in young children. However, few studies have evaluated inter-parent agreement on the SDQ, and in most studies on SDQ agreement, parent scores are either provided by only one parent or have been combined into one parent score. Furthermore, studies on SDQ inter-rater agreement usually only reflect degree of correlation, leaving the agreement between measurements unknown. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine both degree of correlation and agreement between parent and teacher SDQ reports, in a community sample of preschool-aged children in Sweden.Methods: Data were obtained from the Children and Parents in Focus trial. The sample comprised 4,46 children 3-5-years-old. Mothers, fathers and preschool teachers completed the SDQ as part of the routine health check-ups at Child Health Centres. Inter-rater agreement was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC).Results: Results revealed poor/fair agreement between parent and teacher ratings (ICC 0.25-0.54) and good/excellent agreement between mother and father ratings (ICC 0.66-0.76). The highest level of agreement between parents and teachers was found for the hyperactivity and peer problem subscales, whereas the strongest agreement between parents was found for the hyperactivity and conduct subscales.Conclusions: Low inter-rater agreement between parent and teacher ratings suggests that information from both teachers and parents is important when using the SDQ as a method to identify mental health problems in preschool children. Although mothers and fathers each provide unique information about their child's behaviour, good inter-parent agreement indicates that a single parent informant may be sufficient and simplify data collection.
|
|
| 6. |
- Iliadis, Stavros I., 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric properties and concurrent validity of the Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) in the Swedish setting
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) is a non-binary tool used in Sweden for gender dysphoria (GD) assessment; however, its Swedish version has not been validated. To investigate the psychometric properties of the TCS, its capacity to distinguish individuals with GD and its concurrent validity compared to other scales. Patients with GD (n=135) and controls (n=443) filled in a questionnaire containing sociodemographic questions, the TCS, the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (UGDS), and the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA). TCS had good discriminatory validity and internal consistency. Patients with GD, stratified by birth-assigned sex, had lower TCS scores compared to controls. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor model of the TCS. Multiple-group CFA suggested measurement invariance between birth-assigned sexes and configural invariance between patients with GD and controls. Area under the ROC curve for birth-assigned males was 0.991 and for females 0.994. A TCS mean value of three provided sensitivity 94.3% and 95.1% as well as specificity 98.6% and 98% for aM and aF, respectively. The TCS was significantly correlated to UGDS and GIDYQ-AA. The TCS may be a valuable tool in the clinical assessment of individuals with GD.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
-
Patterns of functioning in older adults with mild cognitive impairment : a two-year study focusing on everyday technology use
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 17:6, s. 679-688
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Early detection is vital for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are at risk of activity and participation limitations, and crosssectional studies suggest the ability to use everyday technology (ET) to be a sensible tool. However, group level analyses fail to inform us about how functioning can vary over time for individuals. This study aimed at exploring and describing patterns of functioning over two years in a sample newly classified with MCI, with a special focus on perceived difficulty in ET use and involvement in everyday activities. In addition, cognitive functioning and conversion to dementia were studied. Method: 37 older adults (aged 55) with MCI were assessed at inclusion, and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Longitudinal case plots for the variables under study were analyzed based on strict criteria using a person-oriented approach. Paired t-tests from baseline and 24 months were also conducted to analyze change. Results: The 32 participants who remained in the study after two years showed three distinct patterns of functioning over time: stable/ascending (n = 10), fluctuating (n = 10), and descending (n = 12), with the highest conversion to dementia in the descending pattern (58%). The perceived ability to use ET decreased or fluctuated in 50% of the sample. However, on a group level, a significant difference between baseline and 24 months was found only regarding cognitive function. Conclusion: As the need for support is individual and likely to alter over time, repeated evaluations of activity involvement and difficulty in ET use are suggested to target timely interventions for persons with MCI.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Sveen, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
-
They still grieve - a nationwide follow-up of young adults 2-9 years after losing a sibling to cancer
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 23:6, s. 658-664
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of unresolved grief in bereaved young adult siblings and examine possible contributing factors. Methods: The study was a Swedish population-based study of young adults who had lost a brother or sister to cancer, 2-9 years earlier. Of 240 eligible siblings, 174 (73%) completed a study-specific questionnaire. This study focused on whether the respondents had worked through their grief over the sibling's death and to what extent. Results: A majority (54%) of siblings stated that they had worked through their grief either not at all' or to some extent' at the time of investigation. In multiple regression analyses with unresolved grief as the dependent variable, 21% of the variance was explained by lack of social support and shorter time since loss. Conclusion: The majority of bereaved young adults had not worked through their grief over the sibling's death. A small group of siblings reported that they had not worked through their grief at all, which may be an indicator of prolonged grief. Lack of social support and more recent loss were associated with not having worked through the grief over the sibling's death.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
