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Sökning: hsv:(NATURVETENSKAP) hsv:(Biologi) hsv:(Biokemi och molekylärbiologi) > Löfblom John

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1.
  • Lindberg, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • A truncated and dimeric format of an Affibody library on bacteria enables FACS-mediated isolation of amyloid-beta aggregation inhibitors with subnanomolar affinity
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 10:11, s. 1707-1718
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The amyloid hypothesis suggests that accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides in the brain is involved in development of Alzheimer's disease. We previously generated a small dimeric affinity protein that inhibited Aβ aggregation by sequestering the aggregation prone parts of the peptide. The affinity protein is originally based on the Affibody scaffold, but is evolved to a distinct interaction mechanism involving complex structural rearrangement in both the Aβ peptide and the affinity proteins upon binding. The aim of this study was to decrease the size of the dimeric affinity protein and significantly improve its affinity for the Aβ peptide to increase its potential as a future therapeutic agent. We combined a rational design approach with combinatorial protein engineering to generate two different affinity maturation libraries. The libraries were displayed on staphylococcal cells and high-affinity Aβ-binding molecules were isolated using flow-cytometric sorting. The best performing candidate binds Aβ with a KD value of around 300 pM, corresponding to a 50-fold improvement in affinity relative to the first-generation binder. The new dimeric Affibody molecule was shown to capture Aβ1-42 peptides from spiked E. coli lysate. Altogether, our results demonstrate successful engineering of this complex binder for increased affinity to the Aβ peptide.
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2.
  • Malm, Magdalena, et al. (författare)
  • Engineering of a bispecific affibody molecule towards HER2 and HER3 by addition of an albumin-binding domain allows for affinity purification and in vivo half-life extension
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 9:9, s. 1215-1222
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Emerging strategies in cancer biotherapy include the generation and application of bispecific antibodies, targeting two tumor-associated antigens for improved tumor selectivity and potency. Here, an alternative format for bispecific molecules was designed and investigated, in which two Affibody molecules were linked by an albumin-binding domain (ABD). Affibody molecules are small (6 kDa) affinity proteins and this new format allows for engineering of molecules with similar function as full-length bispecific antibodies, but in a dramatically smaller size (around eight-fold smaller). The ABD was intended to function both as a tag for affinity purification as well as for in vivo half-life extension in future preclinical and clinical investigations. Affinity-purified bispecific Affibody molecules, targeting HER2 and HER3, showed simultaneous binding to the three target proteins (HER2, HER3, and albumin) when investigated in biosensor assays. Moreover, simultaneous interactions with the receptors and albumin were demonstrated using flow cytometry on cancer cells. The bispecific Affibody molecules were also able to block ligand-induced phosphorylation of the HER receptors, indicating an anti-proliferative effect. We believe that this compact and flexible format has great potential for developing new potent bispecific affinity proteins in the future, as it combines the benefits of a small size (e.g. improved tissue penetration and reduced cost of goods) with a long circulatory half-life.
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3.
  • Nilvebrant, Johan, et al. (författare)
  • Development and characterization of small bispecific albumin-binding domains with high affinity for ErbB3
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1420-682X .- 1420-9071. ; 70:20, s. 3973-3985
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Affinity proteins based on small scaffolds are currently emerging as alternatives to antibodies for therapy. Similarly to antibodies, they can be engineered to have high affinity for specific proteins. A potential problem with small proteins and peptides is their short in vivo circulation time, which might limit the therapeutic efficacy. To circumvent this issue, we have engineered bispecificity into an albumin-binding domain (ABD) derived from streptococcal Protein G. The inherent albumin binding was preserved while the opposite side of the molecule was randomized for selection of high-affinity binders. Here we present novel ABD variants with the ability to bind to the epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (ErbB3). Isolated candidates were shown to have an extraordinary thermal stability and affinity for ErbB3 in the nanomolar range. Importantly, they were also shown to retain their affinity to albumin, hence demonstrating that the intended strategy to engineer bispecific single-domain proteins against a tumor-associated receptor was successful. Moreover, competition assays revealed that the new binders could block the natural ligand Neuregulin-1 from binding to ErbB3, indicating a potential anti-proliferative effect. These new binders thus represent promising candidates for further development into ErbB3-signaling inhibitors, where the albumin interaction could result in prolonged in vivo half-life.
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4.
  • Altai, Mohamed, et al. (författare)
  • Influence of Molecular Design on the Targeting Properties of ABD-Fused Mono- and Bi-Valent Anti-HER3 Affibody Therapeutic Constructs
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4409. ; 7:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) is associated with tumour cell resistance to HER-targeted therapies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting HER3 are currently being investigated for treatment of various types of cancers. Cumulative evidence suggests that affibody molecules may be appropriate alternatives to mAbs. We previously reported a fusion construct (3A3) containing two HER3-targeting affibody molecules flanking an engineered albumin-binding domain (ABD 035) included for the extension of half-life in circulation. The 3A3 fusion protein (19.7 kDa) was shown to delay tumour growth in mice bearing HER3-expressing xenografts and was equipotent to the mAb seribantumab. Here, we have designed and explored a series of novel formats of anti-HER3 affibody molecules fused to the ABD in different orientations. All constructs inhibited heregulin-induced phosphorylation in HER3-expressing BxPC-3 and DU-145 cell lines. Biodistribution studies demonstrated extended the half-life of all ABD-fused constructs, although at different levels. The capacity of our ABD-fused proteins to accumulate in HER3-expressing tumours was demonstrated in nude mice bearing BxPC-3 xenografts. Formats where the ABD was located on the C-terminus of affibody binding domains (3A, 33A, and 3A3) provided the best tumour targeting properties in vivo. Further development of these promising candidates for treatment of HER3-overexpressing tumours is therefore justified.
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6.
  • Andersson, Ken G., et al. (författare)
  • Autotransporter-mediated display of a naïve Affibody library on the outer membrane of E. coli
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Development of new affinity proteins using combinatorial protein engineering is today established for generation of monoclonal antibodies and also essential for discovery of binders that are based on non-immunoglobulin proteins. Phage display is the most frequently used method, but yeast display is becoming increasingly popular, partly due to the option of utilizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for isolation of new candidates. Escherichia coli have several properties that are valuable for library applications and then in particular the high transformation efficiency. Although the first studies on display of recombinant peptides and proteins on E. coli were reported over 25 years ago, the method is still not fully established for directed evolution of affinity proteins. More recently, the use of various autotransporters and intimins for secretion and anchoring on the outer membrane have shown promising results and in particular for directed evolution of different enzymes. Here, we report on display of a large naïve Affibody library on the outer membrane of E. coli using the autotransporter AIDA-I. The expression cassette was first engineered by removing non-essential sequences, followed by introduction of an Affibody library, comprising more than 109 variants, into the new display vector. Selections by FACS against five different target molecules resulted in a panel of binders with down to nanomolar affinities.
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7.
  • Andersson, Ken G., 1987- (författare)
  • Combinatorial Protein Engineering Of Affibody Molecules Using E. Coli Display And Rational Design Of Affibody-Based Tracers For Medical Imaging
  • 2017
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Directed evolution is today an established strategy for generation of new affinity proteins. This thesis describes the development of a cell-display method using Escherichia coli for directed evolution of Affibody molecules. Further, the thesis describes rational design of Affibody-based tracers, intended for future patient stratification using medical imaging. Fusing recombinant proteins to various autotransporters is a promising approach for efficient surface display on the surface of E. coli, as well as for construction of high-complexity libraries. In paper I, we successfully engineered an expression vector for display of Affibody molecules using the autotransporter AIDA-I. In paper II, a large Affibody library of 2.3x109 variants was constructed and screening using FACS resulted in new specific binders in the nanomolar range. In paper III, we demonstrated Sortase-mediated secretion and conjugation of binders directly from the E. coli surface. The three following studies describe rational design of Affibody-based tracers against two cancer-associated targets for molecular imaging. First, anti-HER3 Affibody molecules were labelled with 111In, and SPECT imaging showed that the conjugates specifically targeted HER3-expressing xenografts. Furthermore, labeling with 68Ga for PET imaging showed that tumor uptake correlated with HER3 expression, suggesting that the tracers have potential for patient stratification. The last study describes the development and investigation of anti-EGFR Affibody-based imaging agents. Labeled with 89Zr, the Affibody tracer demonstrated higher tumor uptake at 3 h post injection than the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab at 48 h post injection. In conclusion, this thesis describes new tools and knowledge that will hopefully contribute to the development of affinity proteins for biotechnology, therapy and medical imaging in the future.  
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8.
  • Andersson, Ken G., et al. (författare)
  • Coupled release and site-specific conjugation of Affibody molecules from the surface of E. coli using Sortase A
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Combinatorial protein engineering using libraries displayed on various microorganisms is a powerful method forgeneration of new affinity proteins. Successful efforts often result in broad panels of isolated binders, which are thentypically subcloned, produced, purified and characterized in various assays. Many such assays also require conjugation tofor example reporters or other functional molecules and the downstream production and modification thus tends to be verylaborious and limits the number of candidates that can be screened. Staphylococcal sortase A is a natural transpeptidasethat catalyzes the ligation between a LPXTG motif and N-terminal glycines and is today used in a variety of applicationsfor site-specific conjugation of different molecules to recombinant proteins. We have previously developed a surfacedisplay method for combinatorial protein engineering of Affibody molecules on the outer membrane of E. coli usingautodisplay. Here, we introduced a sortase-A recognition motif into the displayed recombinant proteins and evaluatedsortase-mediated release and specific conjugation of various reporters to Affibody molecules. The approach has potentialto significantly increase the flexibility and throughput of downstream characterization of affinity proteins after directedevolution using cell display and FACS.
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9.
  • Dahlsson Leitao, Charles (författare)
  • Affibody-mediated targeting of HER-family receptors for cancer imaging and therapy
  • 2022
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Proteins are remarkable molecules with diverse and specialized functions playing essential roles in most biological processes. One such function is protecting us from diseases by the action of antibodies in our immune system that can recognize and mediate the destruction of invading pathogens by binding to foreign epitopes found on non-self proteins. The concept of utilizing specific protein-protein interactions to achieve a therapeutic effect has for several decades been a cornerstone for the development of cancer-directed treatments. While antibodies have formed a basis for the development of such drugs, other protein alternatives may be engineered to complement current antibody-based treatments, and may even prove to possess superior features.  This thesis focuses on the engineering of affibody molecules, a small alternative scaffold protein, for design and development of novel cancer-targeting therapeutic and diagnostic drugs. There are many different strategies that have been investigated for inhibiting cancer progression and tumour growth with perhaps one of the most straightforward involving disruption of dysregulated growth-promoting signalling pathways. Members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family is prominently expressed in various cancer types and have been shown to be intricately involved in tumorigenesis. One of the members (HER3) often becomes upregulated in cancer and have been shown to mediate acquired resistance to targeted therapies by the mechanism of ligand-induced activation. We have designed five novel affibody-based HER3-targeting molecules able to prevent ligand-binding and consequently activation of HER3. We investigated the targeting properties and biodistribution profiles of these molecules in vivo and subsequently evaluated the anti-tumour efficacy for the most promising variants in direct comparison to a HER3-targeting antibody with a similar inhibitory mechanism. We observed a large influence of design on both the biodistribution properties and the in vivo efficacy of different affibody molecules. Moreover, we demonstrated that two of the affibody-formats were equally effective as the antibody in inhibiting tumour growth and prolonging survival of mice bearing HER3-positive xenografts. The effectiveness of cancer treatments depends on efficient diagnostic approaches that can reliably stratify patients based on these targetable biomarkers, which is possible using radionuclide molecular imaging. We have performed a direct comparison of the diagnostic potential for visualizing HER3-expressing tumours of affibody- and antibody-based imaging probes. We concluded that affibody molecules provide superior imaging quality with higher diagnostic potential and enable early visualization of HER3-expression in tumours.  Another member of the HER family that is of interest for cancer therapy is HER1 (or EGFR) but due to substantial expression in healthy tissues, targeted therapies may lead to severe side-effects. One possible solution to this is taking advantage of the distinct milieu of the tumour microenvironment to design EGFR-targeting drugs that become conditionally activated at the tumour site, but not in normal tissues, with the aim of drastically reducing systemic toxicity. We have generated an affibody molecule with anti-idiotypic binding specificity for a previously generated EGFR-binding affibody molecule, which we used to construct an affibody-based prodrug. We were able to show that, in a proof-of-concept format, this anti-idiotypic masking domain was able to block the binding to EGFR until removed by protease-mediated cleavage. We subsequently developed and characterized a more refined version of this prodrug, which we call a pro-affibody, and could show that activation by cancer-associated proteases confers binding to EGFR-expressing cancer cells and enables conditional cytotoxic payload delivery in vitro. The pro-affibody was further evaluated in vivo using tumour-bearing mice to investigate the feasibility for masked uptake in healthy tissues while retaining binding-activity in tumours. We observed a substantial reduction in EGFR-specific liver uptake compared to a control construct without a masking domain, and a strong indication of protease-mediated EGFR-binding in tumours.  In conclusion, the experimental work presented in this thesis provides a rationale for designing effective affibody-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics with different targeting strategies and demonstrates the potential of such drugs from preclinical in vivo data.  
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10.
  • Dahlsson Leitao, Charles, et al. (författare)
  • Molecular Design of HER3-Targeting Affibody Molecules : Influence of Chelator and Presence of HEHEHE-Tag on Biodistribution of 68Ga-Labeled Tracers
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 20:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Affibody-based imaging of HER3 is a promising approach for patient stratification. We investigated the influence of a hydrophilic HEHEHE-tag ((HE)3-tag) and two different gallium-68/chelator-complexes on the biodistribution of Z08698 with the aim to improve the tracer for PET imaging. Affibody molecules (HE)3-Z08698-X and Z08698-X (X = NOTA, NODAGA) were produced and labeled with gallium-68. Binding specificity and cellular processing were studied in HER3-expressing human cancer cell lines BxPC-3 and DU145. Biodistribution was studied 3 h p.i. in Balb/c nu/nu mice bearing BxPC-3 xenografts. Mice were imaged 3 h p.i. using microPET/CT. Conjugates were stably labeled with gallium-68 and bound specifically to HER3 in vitro and in vivo. Association to cells was rapid but internalization was slow. Uptake in tissues, including tumors, was lower for (HE)3-Z08698-X than for non-tagged variants. The neutral [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA complex reduced the hepatic uptake of Z08698 compared to positively charged [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-conjugated variants. The influence of the chelator was more pronounced in variants without (HE)3-tag. In conclusion, hydrophilic (HE)3-tag and neutral charge of the [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA complex promoted blood clearance and lowered hepatic uptake of Z08698. [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-Z08698-NODAGA was considered most promising, providing the lowest blood and hepatic uptake and the best imaging contrast among the tested variants.
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