| 1. |
- Aramrattana, Maytheewat, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Team Halmstad Approach to Cooperative Driving in the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge 2016
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - Piscataway, N.J. : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 19:4, s. 1248-1261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is an experience report of team Halmstad from the participation in a competition organised by the i-GAME project, the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge 2016. The competition was held in Helmond, The Netherlands, during the last weekend of May 2016. We give an overview of our car’s control and communication system that was developed for the competition following the requirements and specifications of the i-GAME project. In particular, we describe our implementation of cooperative adaptive cruise control, our solution to the communication and logging requirements, as well as the high level decision making support. For the actual competition we did not manage to completely reach all of the goals set out by the organizers as well as ourselves. However, this did not prevent us from outperforming the competition. Moreover, the competition allowed us to collect data for further evaluation of our solutions to cooperative driving. Thus, we discuss what we believe were the strong points of our system, and discuss post-competition evaluation of the developments that were not fully integrated into our system during competition time. © 2000-2011 IEEE.
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| 2. |
- Placido da Conceicao, Vitor Fernando, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a Behavioral Marker System for Rating Cadet's Non-Technical Skills
- 2019
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Ingår i: TransNav, International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. - : Gdynia Maritime University. - 2083-6473 .- 2083-6481. ; 13:1, s. 89-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulator-based training assumes a very important role in the maritime domain, particularly in the education of Officers Of the Watch (OOW). In the Portuguese Navy, most of the cadet's skills as future OOW rely on the success of this training. Beyond theory and technical training, the development of nontechnical skills is a key factor for obtaining officers capable of identifying and solving problems. To optimize the training and development of non-technical skills, using the Portuguese Naval Academy Simulator, a previously designed Behavioral Marker System model was further assessed. The revised model, which comprises new parameters such as the effectiveness of the task, was validated through a set of simulated sessions, where 11 instructors and 48 students participated. After each session, data was collected with questionnaires and focus group discussion, focusing on the quality and usability of the model and on the design of the scenario. The results show that the revised model, positively addresses the limitations found on the previous version, and it has received encouraging feedback from both instructors and cadets. This new model is now under implementation in all the Naval Academy course programs, and future research aims to digitalize the behavior markers.
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| 3. |
- Mirnig, Alexander G., et al.
(författare)
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External communication of automated shuttles: Results, experiences, and lessons learned from three European long-term research projects
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers Robotics AI. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-9144. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated shuttles are already seeing deployment in many places across the world and have the potential to transform public mobility to be safer and more accessible. During the current transition phase from fully manual vehicles toward higher degrees of automation and resulting mixed traffic, there is a heightened need for additional communication or external indicators to comprehend automated vehicle actions for other road users. In this work, we present and discuss the results from seven studies (three preparatory and four main studies) conducted in three European countries aimed at investigating and providing a variety of such external communication solutions to facilitate the exchange of information between automated shuttles and other motorized and non-motorized road users.
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| 4. |
- Kharrazi, Sogol, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable smart-parking management for connected and autonomous vehicles
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traffic induced by parking-spot seekers is a growing challenge and constitutes a considerable portion of the traffic in city centers. New opportunities to solve this problem are emerging by connected vehicles and infrastructure. For instance, ultrasonic and magnetic sensors are already mounted on the ceiling of many parking lots to detect the availability of a parking spot. These sensors can provide parking spot availability information in real-time. Further, traffic-aware smart sensors which can detect the movement of individual vehicles are also available in many city and highway areas. This report suggests an algorithm for a cloud-based parking service that exploits these streams of data to choose the best parking lot in a given parking area.The parking seeking problem is subject to a range of criteria that may include user, municipality and parking operator preferences. Users may have some preferences with respect to walking distance to destination. Municipalities prefer to spread the traffic to reduce congestion in the urban core. Parking operators seek to maximize parking lot utilization in order to increase the revenue on real-estate investments. To solve this problem, an optimization algorithm based on multicriteria decision making process is used.The proposed SmartPark algorithm employs a discrete Markov-chain model to demystify the future state of a parking lot. The algorithm features three modular sections:• First, a search process is triggered to identify the expected arrival time periods to all parking lots in the targeted parking area. This process utilizes smart pole data streams reporting congestion rates across the targeted parking area.• Then, a predictive analytics phase uses consolidated historical data about past parking dynamics to infer a state transition matrix, showing the transformation of available spots in a parking lot over short periods of time.• Finally, this matrix is projected against similar future seasonal periods to predict the actual vacancy of a parking lot at the arrival time.
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| 5. |
- Lnenicka, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable open data ecosystems in smart cities : A platform theory-based analysis of 19 European cities
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cities. - : Elsevier. - 0264-2751 .- 1873-6084. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An understanding of how modern Open Data Ecosystems (ODEs) work is critical in the context of current trends towards sustainability and smartness, while is seen to be an asset to support urban governance and development, in coordinating actions, and fostering civic engagement. This paper aims to establish such understanding by analyzing the contextual patterns, platforms, and components shaping sustainable ODEs by employing platform theory. This study explores and compares characteristics, similarities, differences, and best approaches in 19 cities across 8 countries. In this study we (1) identify 50 patterns that influence and shape sustainable ODEs and their platforms, i.e., Open Data Platform Ecosystems (ODPEs); (2) explore the relationships between platforms and other ODPEs components by developing a respective model, and identifying internal platforms and other components; (3) empirically validate the conceptual findings of five types of ODPEs presented in the literature, redefining them from the conceptual to real-life implementation of the respective components in sample cities; (4) considering the experience gained during the study with respect to the ODPEs and external pressures and environments that shape or influence them, we define 12 recommendations for policy planning and urban governance of more sustainable ODEs.
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| 6. |
- Porathe, Thomas, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Communicating intended routes in ECDIS : Evaluating technological change
- 2013
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 60, s. 366-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Misunderstanding each other's intentions is one of the most common causes of shipping accidents. By sending out a number of waypoints ahead and displaying them on the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) a ship's intentions would be clearly visible for other ships. Displaying ships’ intentions would be a major change compared to navigation today. It could be very beneficial but it could also have unintended consequences. This paper reports on findings from an evaluation looking for unintended consequences of change using system simulation. During the simulation an unanticipated behavior was observed. Bridge crews started to click and drag waypoints too negotiate crossing situations ahead of time. The behavior could be compared to agreeing over the VHF. However further research is needed to evaluate this new behavior and how it aligns to COLREGS.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Can user-paced, menu-free spoken language interfaces improve dual task handling while driving?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human-Computer Interaction. Advanced Interaction Modalities and Techniques. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 394-405, s. 394-405
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of speech-based interaction over traditional means of interaction in secondary tasks may increase safety in demanding environments with high requirements on operator attention. Speech interfaces have suffered from issues similar to those of visual displays, as they often rely on a complex menu structure that corresponds to that of visual systems. Recent advances in speech technology allow the use of natural language, eliminating the need for menu structures and offering a tighter coupling between the intention to act and the completion of the action. Modern speech technology may not only make already existing types of interaction safer, but also opens up for new applications, which may enhance safety. One such application is a speech-based hazard reporting system. A small fixed-base simulator study showed that drivers adapt the timing of the hazard reports to the situation at hand, such that an increase in reported workload was avoided.
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| 8. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The need for systems development capability in design science research: enabling researcher-systems developer collaboration
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 11:3, s. 335-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information systems as an artefact-oriented discipline require a strong interaction between researchers, developers and users regarding design of, development of, and the study of the use of digital artefacts in social settings. During recent years, performing research in a design science research spirit has gained increasing interest. In larger scale design research endeavours, access to systems development capabilities becomes necessary. Such a unit, InnovationLab, was established in 2006 in a university setting in Sweden. In this paper we are investigating the 5 years experience of running this InnovationLab. Our findings point to an innovation lab being valuable for research in general and especially for design science research. However, in order to balance the business of an innovation lab, it will be necessary to provide services for other stakeholders (such as administrative units, teachers, and students) as a means for developing systems development capability aimed at supporting researchers.
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| 9. |
- Liljeroth, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Användning av AI för optimering av digital flyginformationstjänst
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 451-452
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I dagens flygverksamhet tillhandahålls flyginformationstjänst (FIS) för trafik i okontrollerat luftrum (klass G) av flygledare ansvariga för det kontrollerade luftrummet ovanför (klass C). FIS-tjänsten bidrar till flygledarens uppgiftsbelastning och riskerar serviceluckor av otillgänglighet vid hög arbetsbelastning hos flygledaren. Genom digitalisering och automation kan konceptet ”digital flyginformationstjänst” (DFIS) avlasta flygledaren och öka tillgängligheten av flyginformationstjänst för dagens och morgondagens luftrumsbrukare, men även inspirera andra delar av transportsektorn. Detta projekt introduceras i linje med koncept inom SWIM (System-Wide Information Management) och möjliggörs av framsteg inom artificiell intelligens, mer specifikt subdomänerna automatisk taligenkänning, språkförståelse och talgenerering. Vi bedömer att röstinteraktion kommer att förbli relevant för flygtrafik i okontrollerad luft under flygnivå 100 (10000ft), där luftrumsbrukaren ofta navigerar under visuellflygregler (VFR) i goda siktförhållanden. Den föreslagna DFIS-tjänsten är tänkt att operera på en dedikerad VHF-frekvens (”very high frequency”), likt ordinära frekvenser för flygledning. Piloter kan på denna frekvens göra anrop för att begära information, som systemet sedan svarar mot. DFIS genomför kortfattat följande tekniska steg: Taligenkänning, så kallat ”tal till text”. Här ingår att detektera huvudspråk (svenska/engelska i Sverige), men det är även vanligt med blandat språk samt dialektala variationer som systemet måste hantera. Språkförståelse inklusive avsikts- och begreppsklassificering. Här ingår att detektera pilotens avsikt, samt relevanta namn och begrepp (flygplats, anropssignal, restriktionsområde etc.) Talgenerering av information till piloten. En initial, begränsad prototyp med preliminära ovanstående förmågor har utvecklats och integrerats mot valideringsplattformen NARSIM för flygledningssimulering, i syfte att utgöra en enkel demonstration. Prototypen är baserad på så kallade ”förtränade” artificiella neurala nätverk-modeller för ovanstående tre förmågor, där språkmodellerna i grunden har tränats på större, generella dataset inom allmänt mänskligt språk. Sedan har modellerna anpassats till domänspecifika fraser och begrepp genom modellanpassning och specifik träning (”fine-tuning”). Denna process underlättas av att standardfraseologi tillämpas i radiotelefoni inom flyget, vilket är ett antagande som tillämpats i generering av träningsdata.
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| 10. |
- Andreotti, Eleonora, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperative merging strategy between connected autonomous vehicles in mixed traffic
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2687-7813. ; 3, s. 825-837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we propose a new cooperation strategy between connected autonomous vehicles in on-ramps merging scenarios and we implement the cut-in risk indicator (CRI) to investigate the safety effect of the proposed strategy. The new cooperation strategy considers a pair of vehicles approaching an on-ramp. The strategy then makes decisions on the target speeds/accelerations of both vehicles, possible lane changing, and a dynamic decision-making approach in order to reduce the risk during the cut-in manoeuvre. In this work, the CRI was first used to assess the risk during the merging manoeuvre. For this purpose, scenarios with penetration rates of autonomous vehicles from 20% to 100%, with step of 10%, both connected and non-connected autonomous vehicles were evaluated. As a result, on average a 35% reduction of the cut-in risk manoeuvres in connected autonomous vehicles compared to non-connected autonomous vehicles is obtained. It is shown through the analysis of probability density functions characterising the CRI distribution that the reduction is not homogeneous across all indicator values, but depends on the penetration rate and the severity of the manoeuvre.
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