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Träfflista för sökning "hsv:(NATURVETENSKAP) hsv:(Fysik) hsv:(Astronomi astrofysik och kosmologi) ;lar1:(kth)"

Sökning: hsv:(NATURVETENSKAP) hsv:(Fysik) hsv:(Astronomi astrofysik och kosmologi) > Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan

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1.
  • Di Vecchia, Paolo, et al. (författare)
  • Radiation reaction from soft theorems
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 818
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Radiation reaction (RR) terms at the third post-Minkowskian (3PM) order have recently been found to be instrumental in restoring smooth continuity between the non-relativistic, relativistic, and ultra-relativistic (including the massless) regimes. Here we propose a new and intriguing connection between RR and soft (bremsstrahlung) theorems which short-circuits the more involved conventional loop computations. Although first noticed in the context of the maximally supersymmetric theory, unitarity and analyticity arguments support the general validity of this 3PM-order connection that we apply, in particular, to Einstein's gravity and to its Jordan-Brans-Dicke extension. In the former case we find full agreement with a recent result by Damour obtained through a very different reasoning.
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2.
  • Hartman, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • The FERRUM project : experimental and theoretical transition rates of forbidden [Sc II] lines and radiative lifetimes of metastable ScII levels
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 480:2, s. 575-580
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Context. In many plasmas, long-lived metastable atomic levels are depopulated by collisions (quenched) before they decay radiatively. In low-density regions, however, the low collision rate may allow depopulation by electric dipole (E1) forbidden radiative transitions, so-called forbidden lines (mainly M1 and E2 transitions). If the atomic transition data are known, these lines are indicators of physical plasma conditions and used for abundance determination. Aims. Transition rates can be derived by combining relative intensities between the decay channels, so-called branching fractions (BFs), and the radiative lifetime of the common upper level. We use this approach for forbidden [Sc II] lines, along with new calculations. Methods. Neither BFs for forbidden lines, nor lifetimes of metastable levels, are easily measured in a laboratory. Therefore, astrophysical BFs measured in Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) spectra of the strontium filament of Eta Carinae are combined with lifetime measurements using a laser probing technique on a stored ion-beam (CRYRING facility, MSL, Stockholm). These quantities are used to derive the absolute transition rates (A-values). New theoretical transition rates and lifetimes are calulated using the CIV3 code. Results. We report experimental lifetimes of the Sc II levels 3d(2) a(3)P(0,1,2) with lifetimes 1.28, 1.42, and 1.24 s, respectively, and transition rates for lines from these levels down to 3d4s a(3)D in the region 8270-8390 angstrom. These are the most important forbidden [Sc II] transitions. New calculations for lines and metastable lifetimes are also presented, and are in good agreement with the experimental data.
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3.
  • Yuan, Ya Hua, et al. (författare)
  • Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy view on the nature of Ce 4f electrons in the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CePd5Al2
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9969 .- 2469-9950. ; 103:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CePd5Al2, focusing on the quasi-two-dimensional k-space nature of its Fermi surface and, tuning photon energy to the Ce 4d-4f on-resonance transition, the hybridization of the Ce 4f state. A strong shoulder feature on the f0 peak was detected, suggesting hybridization between conduction and f bands. On-resonance spectra revealed narrow, yet hybridized quasiparticle bands with sharp peaks and ∼ 9 meV energy dispersion near the Fermi energy EF. The observed dispersive hybridized f band can be well described by a hybridization-band picture based on the periodic Anderson model (PAM). Hence, the 4f electrons in CePd5Al2 display a dual nature, with both localized and itinerant features, but with dominantly localized character.
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4.
  • Abazov, V. M., et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of the t-channel single top quark production cross section
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 682:4-5, s. 363-369
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The DO Collaboration reports direct evidence for electroweak production of single top quarks through the t-channel exchange of a virtual W boson. This is the first analysis to isolate an individual single top quark production channel. We select events containing an isolated electron or muon, missing transverse energy, and two, three or four jets from 2.3 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. One or two of the jets are identified as containing a b hadron. We combine three multivariate techniques optimized for the t-channel process to measure the t- and s-channel cross sections simultaneously. We measure cross sections of 3.14(-0.80)(+0.94) pb for the t-channel and 1.05 +/- 0.81 pb for the s-channel. The measured t-channel result is found to have a significance of 4.8 standard deviations and is consistent with the standard model prediction.
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5.
  • Abazov, V. M., et al. (författare)
  • Search for single top quarks in the tau plus jets channel using 4.8 fb(-1) of p(p)over-bar collision data
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 690:1, s. 5-14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present the first direct search for single top quark production using reconstructed tau leptons in the final state. The search is based on 4.8 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected in p (p) over bar collisions at root s= 1.96 TeV with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We select events with a final state including an isolated tau lepton. missing transverse energy, two or three jets, one or two of them being identified as b quark jet. We use a multivariate technique to discriminate signal from background. The number of events observed in data in this final state is consistent with the signal plus background expectation. We set in the tau + jets channel an upper limit on the single top quark cross section of 7.3 pb at the 95% C.L. This measurement allows a gain of 4% in expected sensitivity for the observation of single top production when combining it with electron + jets and muon + jets channels already published by the DO Collaboration with 2.3 fb(-1) of data. We measure a combined cross section of 3.84(-0.83)(+0.89) pb, which is the most precise measurement to date.
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6.
  • Abazov, V. M., et al. (författare)
  • Search for the Associated Production of a b Quark and a Neutral Supersymmetric Higgs Boson that Decays into tau Pairs
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 104:15, s. 151801-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report results from a search for production of a neutral Higgs boson in association with a b quark. We search for Higgs decays to tau pairs with one tau subsequently decaying to a muon and the other to hadrons. The data correspond to 2: 7 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions recorded by the D0 detector at.. root s = 1.96 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with background predictions. The result allows us to exclude a significant region of parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric model.
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7.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (författare)
  • Charged-particle distributions in root s=13 TeV pp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 758, s. 67-88
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Charged-particle distributions are measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using a data sample of nearly 9 million events, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 170 mu b(-1), recorded by the ATLAS detector during a special Large Hadron Collider fill. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the dependence of the mean transverse momentum on the charged-particle multiplicity are presented. The measurements are performed with charged particles with transverse momentum greater than 500 MeV and absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.5, in events with at least one charged particle satisfying these kinematic requirements. Additional measurements in a reduced phase space with absolute pseudorapidity less than 0.8 are also presented, in order to compare with other experiments. The results are corrected for detector effects, presented as particle-level distributions and are compared to the predictions of various Monte Carlo event generators.
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8.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (författare)
  • Jet energy scale measurements and their systematic uncertainties in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Jet energy scale measurements and their systematic uncertainties are reported for jets measured with the ATLAS detector using proton-proton collision data with a center-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb(-1) collected during 2015 at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed from energy deposits forming topological clusters of calorimeter cells, using the anti-k(t) algorithm with radius parameter R = 0.4. Jets are calibrated with a series of simulation-based corrections and in situ techniques. In situ techniques exploit the transverse momentum balance between a jet and a reference object such as a photon, Z boson, or multijet system for jets with 20 < p(T) < 2000 GeV and pseudorapidities of vertical bar eta vertical bar < 4.5, using both data and simulation. An uncertainty in the jet energy scale of less than 1% is found in the central calorimeter region (vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.2) for jets with 100 < p(T) < 500 GeV. An uncertainty of about 4.5% is found for low-p(T) jets with p(T) = 20 GeV in the central region, dominated by uncertainties in the corrections for multiple proton-proton interactions. The calibration of forward jets (vertical bar eta vertical bar > 0.8) is derived from dijet p(T) balance measurements. For jets of p(T) = 80 GeV, the additional uncertainty for the forward jet calibration reaches its largest value of about 2% in the range vertical bar eta vertical bar > 3.5 and in a narrow slice of 2.2 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.4.
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9.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of exclusive gamma gamma -> W+W- production and search for exclusive Higgs boson production in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV using the ATLAS detector
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 94:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Searches for exclusively produced W boson pairs in the process pp(gamma gamma) -> pW(+) W- p and an exclusively produced Higgs boson in the process pp(gg) -> pHp have been performed using e(+/-) mu(-/+) final states. These measurements use 20.2 fb(-1) of pp collisions collected by the ATLAS experiment at a center-of-mass energy root s = 8 TeV at the LHC. Exclusive production of W+ W- consistent with the Standard Model prediction is found with 3.0 sigma significance. The exclusive W+ W- production cross section is determined to be sigma(gamma gamma -> W+ W- -> e(+/-) mu(-/+) X) = 6.9 +/- 2.2(stat) +/- 1.4(sys) fb, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction. Limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings are set at 95% confidence level as -1.7 x 10(-6) < a(0)(W) / Lambda(2) < 1.7 x 10(-6) GeV-2 and -6.4 x 10(-6) < a(C)(W) / Lambda(2) < 6.3 x 10(-6) GeV-2. A 95% confidence-level upper limit on the total production cross section for an exclusive Higgs boson is set to 1.2 pb.
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10.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (författare)
  • Measurement of the b(b)over-bar dijet cross section in pp collisions at root s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 76:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The dijet production cross section for jets containing a b-hadron (b-jets) has been measured in protonproton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 7TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb(-1). The cross section is measured for events with two identified b-jets with a transverse momentum pT > 20GeV and a minimum separation in the eta-phi plane of Delta R = 0.4. At least one of the jets in the event is required to have p(T) > 270GeV. The cross section is measured differentially as a function of dijet invariant mass, dijet transverse momentum, boost of the dijet system, and the rapidity difference, azimuthal angle and angular distance between the b-jets. The results are compared to different predictions of leading order and next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics matrix elements supplemented with models for parton-showers and hadronization.
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