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- Olsson, Mikael, 1948
(författare)
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Polaris : Möten med världens poler www.polarisen.se
- 2009
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Ingår i: http://www.polarisen.se. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg.
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polaris is a Swedish based web site dealing with Antarctic, Arctic and sub-polar areas around the globe, including sub-Arctic regions of Scandinavia and Eurasia. Polaris is focusing on peoples and places, research and resources on high latitudes. In particular, the site's ambition is to depict the interaction between the components and put them in a context of global environmental and climate change. The web site also addresses the Swedish polar and mountain research, exemplified by the depiction of a number of Swedish polar researchers' work and choice of career. Polaris main target group is high school students. We aim at establishing Polaris as the popular web site in Sweden for polar research. Polaris was a joint production by Gothenburg and Stockholm Universities and others during the International Polar Year 2007-09. The initiative to the website was taken by the Swedish Committee for International Polar Year, the Swedish Research Council and the Universeum Science Center in Gothenburg. There are many scientific contributors, mainly from the Centre of Earth Systems Science at the University of Gothenburg, the Tarfala Research Station at Stockholm University and the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat . Interviews and articles are made by professional science writers. All texts are in Swedish.
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| 3. |
- Margold, Martin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Late-glacial ice dynamics of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet in northern British Columbia and southern Yukon Territory : retreat pattern of the Liard Lobe reconstructed from the glacial landform record
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Liard Lobe formed a part of the northeastern sector of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet and drained ice from accumulation areas in the Selwyn, Pelly, Cassiar and Skeena mountains. This study reconstructs the ice retreat pattern of the Liard Lobe during the last deglaciation from the glacial landform record that is comprised of glacial lineations and landforms of the meltwater system such as eskers, meltwater channels, perched deltas and outwash fans. The spatial distribution of these landforms defines the successive configurations of the ice sheet during the deglaciation. The Liard Lobe retreated to the west and southwest across the Hyland Highland from its local Last Glacial Maximum position in the southeastern Mackenzie Mountains where it coalesced with the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The retreat across the Liard Lowland and a subsequent splitting of the thus far uniform ice surface into several ice lobes is evidenced by large esker complexes that stretch across the Liard Lowland cutting across the contemporary drainage network. Ice margin positions from the late stage of deglaciation are reconstructed locally at the foot of the Cassiar Mountains and farther up-valley in an eastern facing valley of the Cassiar Mountains. The presented landform record indicates that the deglaciation of the Liard Lobe was accomplished mainly by active ice retreat and that ice stagnation did not play a significant role in the deglaciation of this region.
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| 4. |
- Lindgren, Amelie, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstructing past vegetation with Random Forest Machine Learning, sacrificing the dynamic response for robust results
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vegetation is an important feature in the Earth system, providing a direct link between the biosphere and atmosphere. As such, a representative vegetation pattern is needed to accurately simulate climate. We attempt to reconstruct past and present vegetation with a data driven approach, to test if this allows us to create robust global and regional vegetation patterns. The motivation for this stems from the possibility of avoiding circular arguments when studying past time periods where vegetation is used to reconstruct climate, and climate is used to construct vegetation. By using the Random Forest machine learning tool, we train the vegetation reconstruction with available biomized pollen data of present and past conditions and are able to produce reasonable broad-scale vegetation patterns for the Pre-Industrial and the Mid-Holocene together with a few modeled climate variables. We test the methods robustness by introducing a systematic temperature bias based on existing climate model spread and compare the result with that of LPJ-GUESS, a process-based dynamic global vegetation model. Results prove that the Random Forest approach is able to produce robust patterns for periods and regions well constrained by evidence, but fails when evidence is scarce. The robustness is achieved by sacrificing a dynamic vegetation response to a changing climate.
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| 9. |
- Dawson, Lucas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Bogs, Birds and Berries in Belarus : the multi-scale dynamics of wetlands sustainability initiatives in a top-down context
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wetlands are complex social-ecological systems, which provide both important habitat for species, and multiple ecosystem services for people. This diversity of perspectives places new demands on multi-level and multi-sector participation in governance and management arrangements for conservation, sustainable use and restoration. How can sustainable wetlands be achieved and managed in strong top-down governance contexts, such as in former Soviet republics? Using three case studies relating to wetland restoration (bogs), conservation (birds) and wild food production (berries) in Belarus, this study employs a complex systems approach to analyse core governance and management processes underpinning wetlands sustainability initiatives in Belarus. We identified five processes, viz. adequacy of plans and planning processes, garnering stakeholder support, the adequacy of several types of key inputs, management of activity rates, and the integration of adaptive learning and knowledge cycles. Although path dependent societal dynamics of the (post-)Soviet era continue to influence wetland systems, windows of opportunity precipitated the emergence of active participation among non-governmental actors. Major opportunities were identification of confluences of interest amongst stakeholders, as well as continued mutual integration of Belarus with the international community. Key constraints concerned institutional hierarchies, onerous regulations, “negativism”, and financing difficulties. Key strategies relating to perception management, risk mitigation, and learning are identified for reinforcing positive feedback loops relating to core processes.
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| 10. |
- Fritzon, Ruben, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating geochemical evidence of earthquake periodicity, Sparta Fault, Southern Greece
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Determining prehistoric earthquake periodicity and magnitudes is important for risk assessments in seismically active areas. We evaluate a geochemical method, which has previously been used to identify prehistoric slips on normal fault scarps through an analysis of variations in the concentration of rare earth elements and Y (REE-Y) along vertical transects. Our study object is the Sparta Fault, a normal fault in southern Greece, developed in limestone and previously documented, and dated using 36Cl, to have been last active 464 BC. From geochemical analyses of 39 fault rock samples, we conclude that REE-Y concentrations correlate strongly with the abundance of quartz and possibly other heterogeneities in the fault scarp. Because the sampled fault rock is a protocataclasite, formed at depth, variations in the abundance of quartz are not associated with prehistoric movements along the fault. We therefore conclude that geochemical evidence does not provide a reliable paleoseismic proxy for fault movement. We also present data indicating a co-variation between quartz and 36Cl concentrations, which we suggest requires a re-examination of this widely used application of the cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating method.
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