| 1. |
- Brunninge, Olof, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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The dynamics of path dependence on the individual, organizational and the field levels : MoDo, the Kempe family and the Swedish pulp and paper industry 1873–1990
- 2016
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In: Management & Organizational History. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1744-9359 .- 1744-9367. ; 11:2, s. 189-210
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Path dependence is a promising and increasingly popular perspectivefor analysing long-term historical developments in firms, industriesor referring to other units of analysis. A central assumption is thatpaths can narrow down as a result of self-reinforcing processesthat eventually result in a lock-in that is difficult, if at all possible, toreverse. Typically, path dependence is investigated relating to onepath on a specific unit of analysis, e.g. an organization. The presentarticle explores how different paths on different levels of analysis caninfluence each other. Empirically, we use the long-term developmentof the Swedish pulp and paper company MoDo as the focal level ofanalysis. The organizational level paths are then related to paths onthe field level of the Swedish pulp and paper industry and to pathsrepresented by individual owner-managers’ ways of thinking. Weconceptualize the dynamic interplay between paths by elaboratingon processes of path-spreading, path-breaking, path-convergenceand path-divergence.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Klas, et al.
(author)
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A revised perspective on innovation policy for renewal of mature economies – Historical evidence from finance and telecommunications in Sweden 1980–1990
- 2019
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In: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 147, s. 152-162
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- What is the role of innovation policy for accomplishing renewal of mature industries in Western economies? Drawing upon an unusually rich dataset spanning 9752 digitized archival documents, we categorize and code decisions taken by policymakers on several levels while also mapping and quantifying the strategic activities of both entrant firms and incumbent monopolists over a decade. Our data concerns two empirical cases from Sweden during the time period 1980–1990: the financial sector and the telecommunications sector. In both industries, a combination of technological and institutional upheaval came into motion during this time period which in turn fueled the revitalization of the Swedish economy in the subsequent decades. Our findings show that Swedish policymakers in both cases consistently acted in order to promote the emergence of more competition and de novo entrant firms at the expense of established monopolies. The paper quantifies and documents this process while also highlighting several enabling conditions. In conclusion, the results indicate that successful innovation policy in mature economies is largely a matter of strategically dealing with resourceful vested interest groups, alignment of expectations, and removing resistance to industrial renewal.
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| 3. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(author)
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Digital entrepreneurship and field conditions for institutional change - Investigating the enabling role of cities
- 2019
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In: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 146, s. 877-886
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital entrepreneurship may result in institutional turbulence and new initiatives are frequently blocked by vested interest groups who posit superior financial and relational resources. In this paper, we explore the role of cities in facilitating digital entrepreneurship and overcoming institutional resistance to innovation. Drawing upon two historical case studies of digital entrepreneurship in the city of Stockholm along with an extensive material on the sharing economy in Sweden, our results suggest that cities offer an environment that is critical for digital entrepreneurship. The economic and technological diversity of a city may provide the field conditions required for institutional change to take place and to avoid regulatory capture.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(author)
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Height and Earnings: The Role of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills
- 2014
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In: The Journal of human resources. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0022-166X .- 1548-8004. ; 49:1, s. 141-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We use large-scale register data on 450,000 Swedish males who underwent mandatory military enlistment at age 18, and a subsample of 150,000 siblings, to examine why tall people earn more. We show the importance of both cognitive and noncognitive skills, as well as family background and muscular strength for the height-earnings relationship. In addition, we show that a substantial height premium remains after these factors have been accounted for, which originates from very short people having low earnings. This is mostly explained by the sorting of short people into low-paid occupations, which may indicate discrimination by stature.
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| 6. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Age Homogamy, Gender, and Earnings : Sweden 1990-2009
- 2017
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In: Social Forces. - : Oxford University Press. - 0037-7732 .- 1534-7605. ; 96:1, s. 239-263
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research has shown considerable marriage premiums in earnings for men, but often penalties for women of being in a union. In this study we extend this research by analyzing how the age difference between spouses affects the earnings profiles by gender. As we follow people over time in advance as well as within their marriage, we can separate premarital from postmarital earnings movements. The data consist of information on annual earnings 1990-2009 for all Swedes born 1960-1974 (N = 926,219). The results indicate that age homogamy is related to higher earnings for both men and women, and that larger age differences are generally associated with lower union premiums, quite independently of which spouse is older. However, most of these results are explained by assortative mating, in which men and women with greater earnings potentials find partners of a similar age. Overall, the age difference between spouses seems to have a limited causal effect, if any, on individual earnings.
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| 7. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Educational Homogamy and Gender-Specific Earnings: Sweden, 1990-2009
- 2013
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In: Demography. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0070-3370 .- 1533-7790. ; 50:4, s. 1197-1216
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several studies have shown strong educational homogamy in most Western societies, although the trends over time differ across countries. In this article, we study the connection between educational assortative mating and gender-specific earnings in a sample containing the entire Swedish population born 1960-1974; we follow this sample from 1990 to 2009. Our empirical strategy exploits a longitudinal design, using distributed fixed-effects models capturing the impact of partner education on postmarital earnings, relating it to the income development before union formation. We find that being partnered with someone with more education (hypergamy) is associated with higher earnings, while partnering someone with less education (hypogamy) is associated with lower earnings. However, most of these differences in earnings emerge prior to the time of marriage, implying that the effect is explained by marital selection processes rather than by partner education affecting earnings. The exception is hypogamy among the highly educated, for which there are strong indications that in comparison with homogamy and hypergamy, earnings grow slower after union formation.
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| 8. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Is there an intermarriage premium for male immigrants? Exogamy and earnings in Sweden 1990–2009
- 2015
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In: The international migration review. - : SAGE Publications. - 0197-9183 .- 1747-7379. ; 49:1, s. 3-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyzes the impact of intermarriage on the economic integration of immigrants in Sweden, measured by annual earnings. We use longitudinal register data for the period 1990–2009 for the total population of immigrant men born 1960–1974. The results reveal large intermarriage premiums, but overall this seems to be a result of selection effects as most of the premium is visible already at the time of marriage. For the most economically marginalized immigrants, however, an intermarriage premium arises within marriage implying that forming a union with a native triggers a more rapid earnings growth among them.
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| 9. |
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