| 1. |
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Migration, Civil Society and Global Governance
- 2019. - 1
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- How do the United Nations, international organizations, governments, corporate actors and a wide variety of civil society organizations and regional and global trade unions perceive the root causes of migration, global inequality and options for sustainable development? This is one of the most pertinent political questions of the 21st century.This comprehensive collection examines the development of an emerging global governance on migration with the focus on spaces, roles, strategies and alliance-making of a composite transnational civil society engaged in issues of rights and the protection of migrants and their families. It reveals the need to strengthen networking and convergence among movements that adopt different entry points to the same struggle, from fighting ‘managed’ migration to contesting corporate control of food and land. The authors examine the opportunities and challenges faced by civil society in its endeavour to promote a rights-based approach within international and intergovernmental fora engaged in setting up a global compact for the management of migration, such as the Global Forum for Migration and Development, and in other global policy spaces.This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Globalizations.
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| 2. |
- Onufrey, Ksenia
(author)
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Enabled by the past : understanding endogenous innovation in mature industries
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mature industries have played and still play a crucial role in national and world economies. To survive and retain competitiveness, they need to innovate, as innovation is the driver of economics growth and industrial transformation. However, existing research does not provide sufficient explanation of how innovation in mature industries can be enabled based on resources and internal development logic of those industries, i.e. endogenously. Some previous studies focused on incremental innovation patterns, which led to an underestimation of innovation potential of mature industries. Other studies acknowledged a high innovation potential of mature industries, but failed to explain how, through what mechanisms, industry-endogenous logic can bring about major innovations.Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to systematically address, explain and conceptualize endogenous industry- innovation and its driving mechanisms in mature industries. To achieve this purpose, three main issues are addressed. First, the thesis investigates and conceptualizes the notion of industry endogenous innovation mechanisms based on the path dependency theory. Second, the thesis addresses strategic choices and actions by established companies that are rooted in the industry endogenous mechanisms and result in highly innovative outcomes. Third, the thesis systematically analyses different aspects of radicalness of innovations resulting from industry endogenous mechanisms.The thesis represents a qualitative, embedded case study with two main industry cases, i.e. the global lighting industry and the Swedish pulp and paper industry. The lighting industry and its sub-cases in the form of specific lighting technologies have been studied via the analysis of patents of leading lighting manufacturers, archival and secondary data sources as well as interviews with different types of actors in the industry. The pulp and paper industry and its sub-cases in the form of innovation initiatives have been studied with the help of interviews with leading manufacturers and research institutes, as well the analysis of annual reports and secondary data sources. The outcomes of the study are presented in the form of the thesis cover paper and five appended papers.The results show that innovations of any magnitude can be endogenously developed in mature industries. At the industry level, endogenous innovation is driven by innovation mechanisms that can be conceptualized as reactive sequences and self-reinforcing mechanisms. At the level of individual companies, the exploitation strategy corresponds to the logic of endogenous innovation mechanisms by enabling highly innovative outcomes and building on a wide range of resources available in the industry. The endogenous character of innovation mechanisms imposes certain limitations on the radicalness of the outcomes in the form of trade-offs in terms of how many and what particular aspects can be radically new at once.With these results, the thesis contributes to a more balanced overall understanding of innovation potential of mature industries and allows shifting the focus of discussion from whether mature industries can develop radical innovation to when and under what conditions they can succeed in this process. The results of the thesis also suggest several recommendations for managers in established companies with regard to how they can they can take advantage of industry endogenous innovation mechanisms.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Wendschlag, Mikael, 1977-
(author)
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Theoretical and empirical accounts of Swedish financial supervision in the twentieth century
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The thesis is concerned with the history of financial supervision in Sweden during the twentieth century up to the financial crisis in the early 1990s. To this end a theoretical framework is developed which is based on institutional economics, law and economics, theories on bureaucracies, regulatory enforcement and policy analysis. Except for the attempt to propose how financial supervision and supervisors could be understood theoretically, the thesis address problems ranging from the organization of supervision in relation to regulation and the changes of the regulated market, the constraints and abilities put on supervisors in different institutional arrangements and regulatory regimes, and the competence of supervisors. The extensive use of empirical data aims to make the thesis a contribution also to financial history research in general, and the growing research on the histories of financial supervision in particular.
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| 5. |
- Likić-Brborić, Branka, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Labour rights as human rights? : trajectories in the global governance of migration
- 2015. - 1
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In: Migration, precarity, and global governance. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780198728863 ; , s. 223-244
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this chapter Branka Likić-Brborić addresses the emerging global governance of migration. She scrutinizes the structuring of human and labour rights discourses and contingencies for their institutionalisation and implementation by discussing their prospects for the promotion of global social justice. Issues of accountability and contingencies for the implementation of labour and human rights as migrants’ rights are discussed in the wider context of the existing global governance architecture. The chapter questions assumptions that setting up a workable model for codification and institutionalisation of labour standards, human rights and migrants’ rights could be left to a currently asymmetric global governance regime or to a variety of codes of corporate social responsibility. Global and regional trade union confederations and other civil society organizations have an essential role in repositioning a rights-based approach to migration, labour standards and development onto the terrain of a just globalisation.
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| 6. |
- Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph, et al.
(author)
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United We Stand, Divided We Fall. : Historical Trajectory of Strategic Renewal Activities at Scandinavian Airlines System, 1946-2012.
- 2017
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In: Business History. - Oxon, United Kingdom : Routledge. - 0007-6791 .- 1743-7938. ; 59:4, s. 572-606
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although the second half of the twentieth century saw the rise and fall of ‘multi-flag companies’ (MFCs) in the civil aviation industry, our understanding of how some managed to buck the trend and achieve longevity remains limited. This article advances business history and strategic management research by examining the strategic renewal activities of Scandinavian Airlines (formerly Scandinavian Airlines System [SAS]) during the period 1946–2012. The study sheds light on the key roles of private and state owners, rivals as well as banks, in critical financial phases are discussed in terms of longevity in the company. The longevity of the business stems from the leaders’ ability to develop as anticipated and respond to change in their competitive arena in close interaction with the owners. Thus, incumbent firms that strategically renew themselves prior to or during market reform, such as deregulation, enhance their chances of developing the size of their networks and revenue streams. Our main contribution to business history and strategic management literatures is the development of context-specific stages, which shed light on the evolution of strategic renewal activities and shifts from older processes and routines towards customer service and efficiency.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, David E., et al.
(author)
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Patent Collaboration Networks in Sweden and Spain during the Second Industrial Revolution
- 2019
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In: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 26:9, s. 1075-1102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article aims to analyse and compare the patent collaboration networks of Spain and Sweden during the Second Industrial Revolution, a key period for technological and industrial development in several economies and the distinct development paths taken by these two countries. The data used are from two new historical patent datasets for Spain and Sweden for the period 1878-1914. To study the structure of collaboration networks in both countries, we applied social network analysis methods and focused on two specific key network properties: connectivity and openness to external nodes. The results demonstrate that collaboration networks were better connected and more open to foreign influence in Sweden than in Spain. This research opens new paths for further multidisciplinary studies both on the evolution of industrial economies and on innovation networks dynamics.
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| 8. |
- Jordahl, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Nationella reformer och lokala initiativ
- 2013. - 1
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In: Välfärdstjänster i privat regi. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9789186949471 ; , s. 33-87
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Många svenska välfärdstjänster började privatiseras under sent 1980-tal och tidigt 1990-tal i kölvattnet av en global privatiseringsvåg. Denna våg inleddes när Margaret Thatcher tillträdde som Storbritanniens premiärminister den 4 maj 1979. Då producerades ungefär 10 procent av örikets BNP i de statligt ägda företagen. Det privatiseringsprogram som Thatcher genomförde reducerade den andelen till 3 procent vid hennes avgång elva år senare. Många andra OECD-länder, bland annat Frankrike, Japan och Spanien, följde Storbritanniens exempel under 1980-talet. När kommunismen sedan föll vid 1980-talets slut inleddes omfattande privatiseringar i Östeuropa. Detta händelseförlopp gav politiskt bränsle till fortsatta privatiseringar i Västeuropa och andra delar av världen. I Sverige börsnoterades och privatiserades flera statliga företag, exempelvis SSAB och Procordia. De statliga monopolföretagen inom tv och telefoni utmanades framgångsrikt av Kinnevik med Jan Stenbeck vid rodret. Även på andra områden skedde förändringar i marknadsliberal riktning, bland annat avreglerades inrikesflyget och taxinäringen och ansvaret för järnvägsnätet flyttades från SJ till det nyinrättade Banverket för att skapa förutsättningar för konkurrens (Bergh 2009). Samtidigt infördes styrningsmodeller inom den offentliga sektorn som var starkt influerade av näringslivet. Att den offentligt finansierade vården, skolan och omsorgen skulle öppnas upp för privata utförare bör alltså ses som en del i en större utveckling.I det här kapitlet beskriver vi hur produktionen av välfärdstjänster har privatiserats i Sverige sedan 1980-talet. Med detta tidsperspektiv fångar vi en händelserik period under vilken privata utförare har blivit allt vanligare.Kapitlet inleds med några förklaringar till att den offentliga sektorn kom att utsättas för konkurrens från privata utförare. Därefter följer en lägesbeskrivning med tjänsteövergripande statistik följt av redogörelser för den privata produktionens utveckling inom fem viktiga välfärdsområden: förskola, skola, äldreomsorg, insatser till personer med funktionsnedsättning och sjukvård.2 För varje område beskriver vi också vilka aktörer som har drivit på eller bromsat utvecklingen, vilka politiska argument som har använts (främst i propositioner och följdmotioner), hur marknaden har organiserats och hur de regionala skillnaderna ser ut.
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| 9. |
- Karabag, Solmaz Filiz, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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The Limits of R&D Internationalization and the Importance of Local Initiatives: Turkey as a Critical Case
- 2011
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In: World Development. - : Elsevier. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 39:8, s. 1347-1357
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The growth of Randamp;D in East Asia has triggered the notion of a new innovation geography, where Randamp;D is no longer a privilege of the traditional OECD countries. What does this mean for mid-sized emerging economies, without the scale advantages and bargaining power of India or China? This paper uses Turkey as a case to examine the continual unevenness of international Randamp;D investments. By analyzing opportunities and limitations for local initiatives in the telecommunications, pharmaceutical, and automotive industries the paper finds that active private capital, a sufficient scale of production, and focused public policies are needed to attract international Randamp;D.
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| 10. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(author)
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Height and Earnings: The Role of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills
- 2014
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In: The Journal of human resources. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0022-166X .- 1548-8004. ; 49:1, s. 141-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We use large-scale register data on 450,000 Swedish males who underwent mandatory military enlistment at age 18, and a subsample of 150,000 siblings, to examine why tall people earn more. We show the importance of both cognitive and noncognitive skills, as well as family background and muscular strength for the height-earnings relationship. In addition, we show that a substantial height premium remains after these factors have been accounted for, which originates from very short people having low earnings. This is mostly explained by the sorting of short people into low-paid occupations, which may indicate discrimination by stature.
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