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- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Age Homogamy, Gender, and Earnings : Sweden 1990-2009
- 2017
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In: Social Forces. - : Oxford University Press. - 0037-7732 .- 1534-7605. ; 96:1, s. 239-263
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research has shown considerable marriage premiums in earnings for men, but often penalties for women of being in a union. In this study we extend this research by analyzing how the age difference between spouses affects the earnings profiles by gender. As we follow people over time in advance as well as within their marriage, we can separate premarital from postmarital earnings movements. The data consist of information on annual earnings 1990-2009 for all Swedes born 1960-1974 (N = 926,219). The results indicate that age homogamy is related to higher earnings for both men and women, and that larger age differences are generally associated with lower union premiums, quite independently of which spouse is older. However, most of these results are explained by assortative mating, in which men and women with greater earnings potentials find partners of a similar age. Overall, the age difference between spouses seems to have a limited causal effect, if any, on individual earnings.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Tommy, et al.
(author)
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Quantifying the Family Frailty Effect in Infant and Child Mortality by Using Median Hazard Ratio (MHR)
- 2010
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In: Historical Methods. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0161-5440. ; 43:1, s. 15-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most microlevel studies in the social sciences have focused on the impact of different measured variables. While some studies have also dealt with unobserved variation, it has usually only been controlled for to perfect the estimates of the observables. In this article, the authors applied a modified version of a recently developed method designed to quantify the effect of unobserved variation in continuous time multilevel models, called a median hazard ratio. It allows a direct comparison of the effect of unobserved heterogeneity with standard relative risks. The method is used in an analysis of infant and child mortality in southern Sweden during the period 1766-1895. The empirical findings indicate that unmeasured differences between families were more important than either socioeconomic status or gender throughout this period.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Tommy, et al.
(author)
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Social Class and Excess Mortality in Sweden During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic
- 2018
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In: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 187:12, s. 2568-2576
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is no consensus in the literature about the role of socioeconomic factors on influenza mortality during the 1918 pandemic. While some scholars have found that social factors were important, others have not. In this study, we analyzed differences in excess mortality by social class in Sweden during the 1918 pandemic. We analyzed individual-level mortality of the entire population aged 30–59, by combining information from death records with census data on occupation. Social class was measured by an occupation-based class scheme. Excess mortality during the pandemic was measured as mortality relative to the same month the year before. Social class differences in mortality were modeled using a complementary log-log model, adjusting for potential confounding at the family, the residential (urban/rural) and the county levels. Our findings indicated notable class differences in excess mortality but no perfect class gradient. Class differences were somewhat larger for men than for women.
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| 9. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Becoming American : Intermarriage during the great migration to the United States
- 2018
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In: Journal of Interdisciplinary History. - : MIT Press - Journals. - 1530-9169 .- 0022-1953. ; 49:2, s. 189-218
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although intermarriage is a common indicator of immigrant integration into host societies, most research has focused on how individual characteristics determine intermarriage. This study uses the 1910 ipums census sample to analyze how contextual factors affected intermarriage among European immigrants in the United States. Newly available, complete-count census microdata permit the construction of contextual measures at a much lower level of aggregation—the county—in this analysis than in previous studies. Our results confirm most findings in previous research relating to individual-level variables but also find important associations between contextual factors and marital outcomes. The relative size and sex ratio of an origin group, ethnic diversity, the share of the native-born white population, and the proportion of life that immigrants spent in the United State are all associated with exogamy. These patterns are highly similar across genders and immigrant generations.
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