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Sökning: hsv:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP) hsv:(Ekonomi och näringsliv) hsv:(Nationalekonomi) > Örebro universitet

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1.
  • Greve, Jan, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of society on management control systems
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 33:4, s. 253-266
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study is to investigate whether certain configurations of management controls dominate in certain societies (socio-cultural contexts) and whether the effectiveness of a given archetype of management control systems (MCSs) varies depending on the socio-cultural setting the society in which it operates. The study focuses on three socio-cultural groups and the corresponding institutional contexts (an Anglo-Saxon group, a Central European group, and a Northern European group) and three MCS archetypes (delegated bureaucratic control, delegated output control, and programmable output control). We use unique data from a cross-national, interview-based survey encompassing 610 strategic business units from nine countries (seven European countries plus Canada and Australia). The idea that firms tend to adapt MCSs to the socio-cultural context does not gain empirical support in this study. No significant differences in the distribution of MCSs between the three socio-cultural groups are noted. However, we do find that programmable output control has a more positive impact on effectiveness in Anglo-Saxon cultures, while delegated output control has a more positive impact on effectiveness in Northern Europe. Taken together these findings indicate that distinct differences between societies make a particular MCS design more appropriate in a given society, but where such differences are not dramatic (as in the present case), multiple MCS designs can be found in the same society.
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2.
  • Johansson, Dan, 1964-, et al. (författare)
  • Family business : A missing link in economics?
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: The Journal of Family Business Strategy. - : Elsevier. - 1877-8585 .- 1877-8593. ; 11:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Family firms account for a substantial share of economic activity and deviate from standard economic assumptions on firmbehavior. However, little is known about how these firms are represented in economic theory. This article examines the inclusion of family business in the curricula of economics doctoral programs in the United States and Sweden as well as professors’ and textbook authors’ views and research on family business. Textbooks, articles and course offerings used in doctoral programs are considered to indicate the state of established knowledge in the field. The findings show that family business is not included in the examined curricula. Furthermore, professors and authors do not publish research on family business and generally do not see a need to incorporate it into economic theory. This article concludes that family business is excluded from ‘core’ economic theory due to a lack of paradigmatic pluralism, axiomatic incompatibility, path dependency, institutional bias and data constraints. Lastly, it is speculated that integration of family business theory into standard economic modeling is likely to occur outside prestigious universities due to path dependency in research.
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3.
  • Sund, Björn, et al. (författare)
  • Demographic determinants of incident experience and risk perception : Do high-risk groups accurately perceive themselves as high-risk?
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 1, s. 99-117
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper analyzes demographic determinants of incident experience and risk perception, as well as the relationship between the two, for eight different risk domains. Analyses were conducted by merging the results of a Swedish population-based survey, which includes approximately 15,000 individuals, with demographic and socio-economic register data. Being male was associated with higher incident experience yet a lower risk perception for nearly all risk domains. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher incident experience for falls, and being a victim of violence but lower incident experience for road traffic accidents. Lower socioeconomic status was also associated with higher risk perception for falls. On aggregate, ranking the different domains, respondents’ risk perception was in almost perfect correspondence to the ranking of actual incident experience, with the exception that the risk of being a victim of violence is ranked higher than indicated by actual incident experience. On a demographic group level, men and highly educated respondents perceive their risks to be lower than what is expected considering their actual incident experience. 
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4.
  • Forsberg, Per, 1972- (författare)
  • Pengar som ristningar på träpinnar : Icke-monetära pengars funktion för fungerade lagbildningar
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska historiska föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 135:3, s. 401-431
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Notches on wooden sticks: the role of non-coin money in village organizationLocal money in the form of notched sticks played a significant role in selfregulated organization of exchange in villages in 16th- and 17th-century Sweden. This kind of money is an example of non-coin money that only existed as money of account, or more precisely only as notches on wooden sticks (tally-sticks).The article argues that it is impossible to speak of local money as an isolated unit. Instead, the money symbolized by notches was interwoven with credit-networks and social relations. This helps to explain how local money made cooperation possible. Moreover, the local money of account was connected to credit systems and social relations, which explains why adoption of modern credit forms as well as changes in social relations were slow to develop in many localities.Using a perspective based in accounting history and anthropology, which sees money as credit, this article contributes to heterodox theories of money that seeks to explain the functions and social relations of different kinds of money.The money system linked to the notched sticks can be seen as variation of today’s community currencies that make different social actions possible and which are constructed for special purposes. Often one stick was created for a specific activity. In other words, the farmers created their own money for different purposes. For example, there were turn-taking sticks for ploughing snow, feeding the bull, delivering the post or providing transportation for the local clergy etc. Such sticks were often connected to sticks that recorded failure to deliver services. Persons who had not done their daily work had to do more days of work in the future. Other sticks could be used to remember and calculate how much timber or workdays different farms contributed to buildings such as the common mill or saw and how much of it was used. Such sticks made it possible to calculate and ensure that rights and obligations were distributed according to egalitarian principles. In such cases money as notches was used as calculative money and made possible value reciprocity.The article is based on ethnographic and historical literature together with the Nordic Museum’s collection of notched sticks, including information about their usage; the Nordic museum’s questionnaires about village organization in the beginning of the 20th century; and private research archives. 
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5.
  • Alfelt, Gustav, 1985-, et al. (författare)
  • On the mean and variance of the estimated tangency portfolio weights for small samples
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications. - Vilnius : VTeX. - 2351-6054 .- 2351-6046. ; 9:4, s. 453-482
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper, a sample estimator of the tangency portfolio (TP) weights is con-sidered. The focus is on the situation where the number of observations is smaller than the number of assets in the portfolio and the returns are i.i.d. normally distributed. Under these as-sumptions, the sample covariance matrix follows a singular Wishart distribution and, therefore, the regular inverse cannot be taken. In the paper, bounds and approximations for the first two moments of the estimated TP weights are derived, as well as exact results are obtained when the population covariance matrix is equal to the identity matrix, employing the Moore-Penrose inverse. Moreover, exact moments based on the reflexive generalized inverse are provided. The properties of the bounds are investigated in a simulation study, where they are compared to the sample moments. The difference between the moments based on the reflexive generalized inverse and the sample moments based on the Moore-Penrose inverse is also studied.
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6.
  • Andersson, Fredrik, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • Outsourcing Public Services : Contractibility, Cost, and Quality
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: CESifo Economic Studies. - Örebro : Oxford University Press. - 1610-241X .- 1612-7501. ; 65:4, s. 349-372
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We review the literature on public sector outsourcing to explore if the theoretical predictions from the incomplete contracts literature hold up to recent empirical evidence. Guided by theory, we arrange services according to the type and magnitude of their contractibility problems. The empirical studies point at rather favourable outsourcing outcomes, in terms of costs and quality, for services without severe contracting problems. The picture is more mixed for services with tougher contracting problems, with the weight of the evidence in favour of public provision. This difference between services is largely in line with the property-rights framework and theories of incomplete contracts.
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7.
  • Bandick, Roger, 1974-, et al. (författare)
  • What happens to R&D in domestic multinationals after foreign acquisition?
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: VoxEU.org. - : VoxEU.org.
  • Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • With foreign ownership of domestic companies becoming increasingly common, questions are mounting as to the consequences. One area of concern is the effect on research and development. This column presents new evidence from Sweden, where flagship firms such as Volvo and Saab are now foreign owned, that it hopes will reassure policymakers.
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8.
  • Berggren, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • The right look : Conservative politicians look better and voters reward it
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of Public Economics. - Munich : Elsevier. - 0047-2727 .- 1879-2316. ; 146, s. 79-86
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Since good-looking politicians win more votes, a beauty advantage for politicians on the left or on the right is bound to have political consequences. We show that politicians on the right look more beautiful in Europe, the United States and Australia. Our explanation is that beautiful people earn more, which makes them less inclined to support redistribution. Our model of within-party competition predicts that voters use beauty as a cue for conservatism when they do not know much about candidates and that politicians on the right benefit more from beauty in low-information elections. Evidence from real and experimental elections confirms both predictions.
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9.
  • Bigsten, Arne, et al. (författare)
  • Debt relief and growth : a study of Tanzania and Zambia
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Debt relief for poor countries. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan. - 1403934827 ; , s. 181-208
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper discusses some issues on how to evaluate the impact of HIPC debt relief in the cases of Tanzania and Zambia using two computable general equilibrium models. Within our relatively simple model framework, we found that the macroeconomic impact of debt relief is modest. One reason for this relatively modest impact is that the annual injection of additional resources relative to current actual debt service is small in both cases, which implies that the impact of debt relief per se would be expected to be modest. However, as illustrated in the case of Tanzania the impact could be considerably higher if additional public investment succeeds to improve private sector productivity.
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10.
  • Blix, Mårten, et al. (författare)
  • Tid att följa upp : Digital tidmätning i svensk hemtjänst
  • 2023
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Digitala tidmätningssystem används i svensk hemtjänst för att mäta och följa upp hemtjänstbesökens längd och innehåll. Systemen samlar in data i realtid och om alla besök. I detta avseende är digital tidmätning ett kraftfullt verktyg som kan förväntas ge bättre förutsättningar för mål-och resultatstyrning än analoga metoder. Samtidigt innebär tidmätningen risker för arbetsmiljön då den kan uppfattas som detaljstyrande och stressande. I denna rapport presenterar vi resultaten från en enkät som skickades ut till alla kommuner om deras användande av tidmätningssystem i hemtjänsten. 123 kommuner besvarade enkäten och 94 av dessa angav att de mäter tidsanvändningen med hjälp av digitala system. I denna rapport presenterar och diskuterar vi resultaten från denna enkät.
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