| 1. |
- Kankkunen, Tina Forsberg, et al.
(författare)
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New Public Management i kommunal praktik : En studie om chefers möjlighet att hantera styrning inom verksamheterna Vatten, Gymnasium och Äldreomsorg
- 2014
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Ingår i: ISM rapport. - Göteborg : Institutet för stressmedicin. - 1652-7089. ; 2014:15
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna studie belyser chefers möjligheter att hantera styrning inom olika kommunala verksamheter. Syftet med rapporten är att undersöka och jämföra hur styrning praktiseras inom den kvinnodominerade verksamheten ’Äldreboende’, den könsintegrerade verksamheten ’Gymnasium’, samt den mansdominerade tekniska verksamheten ’Vatten’. Analysen baseras på 30 intervjuer med linjechefer i fyra kommuner. För att förstå sammanhanget runt chefernas berättelser har även aktörer på kommunledningsnivå intervjuats. En utgångspunkt i studien är att jämförelser mellan olika organisatoriska sammanhang kan skapa lärande i arbetslivet.De deskriptiva resultat som presenteras i rapporten visar att styrning i linje med New Public Management har inneburit att cheferna upplever sig allt mer klämda mellan organisationens styrning och medarbetarnas och verksamhetens behov. Med New Public Management betonas styrning genom ekonomi, standardiserade processer, mål och uppföljning samt värderingar. De medverkande cheferna beskriver att detta har medfört målkonflikter som kan vara svåra att hantera. Det skiljer sig dock mellan verksamheterna hur målkonflikterna hanteras. Inom den mansdominerade verksamheten Vatten beskriver cheferna hur organisationen tar ansvar för målkonflikterna på ett sätt som möjliggör för cheferna att hantera dem. Inom Gymnasium och Äldreboende beskriver cheferna istället att de många gånger själva får hantera och ta konsekvenserna av målkonflikterna.Vi pekar sammanfattningsvis på fyra lärdomar kring chefens möjligheter att hantera målkonflikter. Dessa lärdomar handlar om hur arbetet organiseras, snarare än om chefernas individuella strategier. Vi talar om vikten av ett nära stöd, av att dela värld, av gemensamt språk och avgränsade mål och slutligen, vikten av tillit.
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| 2. |
- Gerdle, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of emotional distress, cognitive behavioural factors and pain for life impact at baseline and for outcomes after rehabilitation - a SQRP study of more than 20,000 chronic pain patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 19:4, s. 693-711
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims Although literature concerning chronic pain patients indicates that cognitive behavioural variables, specifically acceptance and fear of movement/(re)injury, are related to life impact, the relative roles of these factors in relation to pain characteristics (e.g. intensity and spreading) and emotional distress are unclear. Moreover, how these variables affect rehabilitation outcomes in different subgroups is insufficiently understood. This study has two aims: (1) to investigate how pain, cognitive behavioural, and emotional distress variables intercorrelate and whether these variables can regress aspects of life impact and (2) to analyse whether these variables can be used to identify clinically meaningful subgroups at baseline and which subgroups benefit most from multimodal rehabilitation programs (MMRP) immediately after and at 12-month follow-up. Methods Pain aspects, background variables, psychological distress, cognitive behavioural variables, and two life impact variables were obtained from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP) for chronic pain patients. These data were analysed mainly using advanced multivariate methods. Results The study includes 22,406 chronic pain patients. Many variables, including acceptance variables, showed important contributions to the variation in clinical presentations and in life impacts. Based on the statistically important variables considering the clinical presentation, three clusters/subgroups of patients were identified at baseline; from the worst clinical situation to the relatively good situation. These clusters showed significant differences in outcomes after participating in MMRP; the subgroup with the worst situation at baseline showed the most significant improvements. Conclusions Pain intensity/severity, emotional distress, acceptance, and life impacts were important for the clinical presentation and were used to identify three clusters with marked differences at baseline (i.e. before MMRP). Life impacts showed complex relationships with acceptance, pain intensity/severity, and emotional distress. The most significant improvements after MMRP were seen in the subgroup with the lowest level of functioning before treatment, indicating that patients with complex problems should be offered MMRP. Implications This study emphasizes the need to adopt a biopsychosocial perspective when assessing patients with chronic pain. Patients with chronic pain referred to specialist clinics are not homogenous in their clinical presentation. Instead we identified three distinct subgroups of patients. The outcomes of MMRP appears to be related to the clinical presentation. Thus, patients with the most severe clinical presentation show the most prominent improvements. However, even though this group of patients improve they still after MMRP show a complex situation and there is thus a need for optimizing the content of MMRP for these patients. The subgroup of patients with a relatively good situation with respect to pain, psychological distress, coping and life impact only showed minor improvements after MMRP. Hence, there is a need to develop other complex interventions for them.
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| 3. |
- Wide, Sverre, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Explanation and causal reasoning: A contribution to the interpretation of competing explanatory claims
- 2013
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Ingår i: Theory & psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 0959-3543 .- 1461-7447. ; 23:6, s. 701-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to attain a better understanding of the relationship between competing or complementary scientific explanatory claims. First, six different ways of approaching explanatory claims are briefly described and found, in part, to be unsatisfactory. It is argued that they should be supplemented by an analysis of underlying and sometimes partly unacknowledged causal presuppositions. This approach could be termed a causal analytical investigation, and in order to demonstrate its potential, it is applied to a concrete example: research into dental anxiety. The analysis shows that seemingly competing or complementary explanatory claims here neither compete with nor complement each other; instead, the analysis demonstrates that they explain different things. We then broaden the picture by discussing the relationship between aetiology and treatment. Finally we argue in favour of the general applicability of the approach and its relevance to science in general and to science-based practice.
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| 4. |
- Forsberg Kankkunen, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Från kvinnors arbetsmiljö till genus och arbetsmiljö : reflektioner om genus, arbetsmiljö och förändring
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sprickor, öppningar & krackeleringar. - Sundsvall/Härmösand : Mittuniversitetet. - 9789188025425 ; , s. 125-142
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- När arbetsmiljö studeras i ett genusperspektiv talas i allmänhet i termer av kvinnors arbetsmiljö och förklaringar till ohälsa söks hos kvinnorna själva. Det talas sällan i termer av mäns arbetsmiljö. När det handlar om mansdominerade delar av arbetsmarknaden synliggörs istället arbetsvillkoren och ansträngningar görs för att förbättra dem. I detta bokkapitel argumenterar vi för att det är dags att sluta använda begreppet kvinnors arbetsmiljö. Arbetsmiljön är inte utformad efter kön och lösningarna hittas inte om analyser och åtgärder av arbetsmiljön baseras på särskiljande av kvinnor och män. Gör man det riskerar man att förklara arbetsmiljön med kön och riskerar att dölja att könsskillnader som syns i könsuppdelad statistik är konsekvenser av att arbetsmarknaden är segregerad och att det finns systematiska skillnader mellan typiskt kvinnliga och manliga verksamheter. För att synliggöra och förändra sådana könsskillnader i arbetsmiljön behövs ett fokus på de organisatoriska sammanhang som flertalet kvinnor och män finns i. Kapitlet handlar om hur arbetsmiljön kan förstås och studeras med ett genusperspektiv som tar fasta på den horisontella könssegregeringen och på hur de könssegregerade arbetsplatserna är organiserade.
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| 5. |
- Forsberg, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping Management in Gendered Work : A Comparative Study in the Swedish Public Sector
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - : University of Gothenburg. - 2001-7405 .- 2001-7413 .- 2000-8058. ; 26:2, s. 89-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By exploring management in a study of different municipal departments, this paper contributes to a theoretical and empirical understanding of how the type of work shapes and reproduces management practices and inequality in working conditions within a horizontally segregated public sector. A structural theoretical model guides the design of the empirical qualitative study within education, elderly care and water supply in several Swedish municipalities. The comparative analysis shows that, while managers within water supply take control over management and are allowed to do so, managers in education and care are instructed to take personal responsibility when handling goal conflicts and lack of resources. Gendered norms and values inscribed in the type of work seem to be fundamentally integral to management practices, which affect the local manager’s authority and actions. The results of this study illustrate how management is practiced and reinforces differences in status between different types of work.
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| 6. |
- Härenstam, Annika, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Könssegregering, makt och arbetsmiljö
- 2020
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Ingår i: Att arbeta för lika villkor. Britt-Inger Keisu (red.). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144135045 ; , s. 103-130
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- MacCutcheon, Douglas, et al.
(författare)
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Second language vocabulary level is related to benefits for second language listening comprehension under lower reverberation time conditions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cognitive Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2044-5911 .- 2044-592X. ; 31:2, s. 175-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The acoustic qualities of a room can have a deleterious effect on the quality of speech signals. The acoustic measurement of reverberation time (RT) has shown to impact second language (L2) speech comprehension positively when lower due to release from spectral and temporal masking effects as well as top-down processing factors. This auralization experiment investigated the benefits of better L2 vocabulary and executive function (updating) skills during L2 listening comprehension tests under shorter versus longer RT conditions (0.3 and 0.9 s). 57 bilingual university students undertook L2 vocabulary, number updating and L2 listening comprehension tests. After splitting groups into high/low vocabulary and updating groups, a mixed ANOVA was conducted. The high number updating group showed no significant differences or interactions in L2 listening comprehension than the lower number updating group across RT conditions. The high vocabulary group had 22% better L2 listening comprehension than the low vocabulary group in long RT, and 9% better in short RT. A significant benefit in L2 listening comprehension due to release from reverberation was only evident in the high vocabulary group. Results indicate that the benefit of good room acoustics for listening comprehension is greatest for those with better language (vocabulary) ability.
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| 8. |
- Erdner, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Social and existential alienation experienced by people with long-term mental illness
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 19:4, s. 373-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore how people suffering from long-term mental illness and who live in the community experience their daily lives. The study was based on an ethnographic framework involving participant observations with 23 individuals from two rehabilitation centres and interviews with six women and two men. The observational notes and interviews were recorded, transcribed into the data and analysed based on the phases of hermeneutic interpretation. The process consisted of identifying tentative interpretations that highlighted various impediments that prevent people with long-term mental illness from having an active life. The impediments can also be interpreted as a form of alienation, an interpersonal phenomenon and a consequence due to of the lack of social acceptance towards mental illness. The participants expressed concern about the future and lack of hope. Viewing themselves as being ‘odd’ is not a symptom of mental illness, but rather evidence of experiencing existential and social alienation not only as a consequence of other people's reactions but also their own negative attitudes towards mental illness and effects of their cognitive dysfunction.
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| 9. |
- Törnbom, Karin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Back to life: Is it possible to be myself again? A qualitative study with persons initially hospitalised due to COVID-19.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of rehabilitation medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To gain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of patients with COVID-19, regarding rehabilitation, work and social life 6 months after hospital discharge.An explorative qualitative study with individual interviews.Patients of working age with persistent self-reported symptoms at a 3-month follow-up who had received inpatient hospital care with discharge approximately 6 months previously were purposively sampled.Semi-structured interviews were performed with 10 men and 5 women. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed with inductive thematic analysis.Four themes were identified: "Social support - crucial, but decreased over time", "Varying needs of, and access to, rehabilitation", "Returning to work after COVID-19 - crucial for future prospects" and "An overwhelming experience that essentially changed one's personality".Rehabilitation provided participants with the valuable tools for recovery, giving them hope for future recovery. Support from next of kin was highly valued, creating stronger family bonds. A new meaning and greater appreciation of life was expressed.
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| 10. |
- Törnbom, Karin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding concerns after severe COVID-19: A self-imposed lockdown guarded by anxiety?
- 2023
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : NLM (Medline). - 1932-6203. ; 18:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many people are struggling to get back to their lives after severe COVID-19. To facilitate their reintegration into everyday life, we need to understand how the process is experienced. We aimed to gain deeper knowledge about this process by interviewing persons one year after hospitalisation due to COVID-19.The study is based on a qualitative design, with eleven in-depth interviews conducted one year after discharge for COVID-19. Participants were recruited to form a heterogeneous sample with respect to age, gender and socioeconomic background. All interviews were analysed utilising inductive thematic analysis.From the participants' narratives four themes were identified: 'Concerns and worries in everyday life', 'Supportive and concerned relatives', 'A new way of life-sorrows and advantages' and 'Seize the day-a greater awareness of one´s mortality'. Participants described how they tried to create a functioning everyday life. They were generally afraid of getting COVID-19 again and concerned about future life, where their lack of energy played a major role. Narratives were diverse regarding to what extent the struggle to cope was experienced as emotionally challenging or not.Participants described an unpredictable recovery after COVID-19, characterised by ups and downs, which created worries concerning their future. In some cases, the worry of getting COVID-19 again was strong enough to keep participants in their homes, as a self-imposed lockdown guarded by anxiety. However, the narratives also revealed gratitude towards being alive and having coped so well. This led to a more positive outlook on life with a greater focus on intrinsic values, close social relations and the deeper meaning of life.
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