| 1. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Nonverbal post-shot celebrations and their relationship with performance in elite handball
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - 1612-197X .- 1557-251X. ; 16:3, s. 235-249
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nonverbal behaviour has an important function in team sports, but research is limited. Adopting a psychological momentum (PM) framework, this study explores the relationship between a team’s history of events, nonverbal post-shot celebrations in the form of gestures and touch shown by the shooter after scoring, and subsequent team performance during handball matches. A naturalistic design with systematic observation was chosen for the present study. Based on an existing coding scheme, 616 post-shot periods from 18 high-stake matches of the highest league in Sweden were analysed. Results showed that the better a team’s prior performance, the more gestures were displayed after scoring in the following period. A high degree of touch when playing well, and a low degree of touch when playing poorly were related to positive subsequent team performance, while, showing much touch when playing poorly, or showing little touch when playing well were related to negative subsequent team performance. The amount of displayed gesture and touch alone was not significantly related to subsequent team performance. To conclude, nonverbal post-shot celebrations were related to subsequent team performance, but only when the ongoing history of events was taken into account, and only for touch. Based on these results, the history of events emerges as an important variable when the dynamics of ongoing team sport matches are investigated. Furthermore, touch, compared to gesture, seems to be of more importance for subsequent team performance. As expected when investigating complex phenomena in ongoing matches, the findings resulted in small effect sizes.
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| 2. |
- Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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In the eye of both patient and spouse: memory is poor 1 to 2 years after coronary bypass and angioplasty
- 2002
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In: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-4975 .- 1552-6259. ; 74:3, s. 689-693
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. The study aimed to investigate patient and spouse perception of cognitive functioning 1 to 2 years after coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods. Seventy-six married patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting were selected and sex- and age-matched with 75 concurrent married patients who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Couples received a letter of explanation and then completed telephone interviews. Forty-seven questions assessed memory, concentration, general health, social functioning, and emotional state. Response choices were: improved, unchanged, or deteriorated function after coronary artery bypass grafting/percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.Results. Patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting did not differ in subjective ratings on any measure from patients who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. There were no differences between spouses in the respective groups; spouse ratings also did not differ from patient ratings. Only in memory function did patients and spouses report a postprocedural decline.Conclusions. No subjective differences were found in patients who had undergone either coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Spouse ratings agreed with each other and with patient ratings. Positive correlations were found between the questionnaire factors, suggesting that perceived health and well-being are associated with subjective cognition.
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| 3. |
- Dautovic Bergh, Cecilia, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Protein S100B after cardiac surgery: An indicator of long-term anxiety?
- 2007
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In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 41:2, s. 109-113
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives. The aim of the study was to assess long-term state and trait anxiety in cardiac surgical risk patients. Design. Thirty two patients with serum S100B > 0.3 µg/l 48 hours after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were matched according to age, gender, type, date and length of surgery with 35 operated patients without elevated S100B. They completed Spielberger's Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results. Patients with elevated S100B reported more state anxiety and trait anxiety. S100B was an independent predictor of both state and trait anxiety when controlling for perioperative variables. Conclusions. Patients with elevated S100B reported more anxiety 3–6 years after cardiac surgery. A postoperative blood sample can identify risk patients and facilitate appropriate follow-up.
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| 4. |
- Moesch, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Exploring Nonverbal Behaviors in Elite Handball: How and When do Players Celebrate?
- 2015
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In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1041-3200 .- 1533-1571. ; 27:1, s. 94-109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explores nonverbal behaviors in the form of gestures and touch during elite handball matches. Based on a coding scheme, 616 postshot periods following a goal, stemming from 18 matches, were analyzed. Results revealed that, on average, 2.77 nonverbal behaviors were displayed after scoring. Play-off matches resulted in a higher average of nonverbal behaviors than league matches. The more a team was leading by, the higher the overall number of nonverbal behaviors; meanwhile, the overall amount of nonverbal behaviors declined over the course of a match. The results pinpoint to the situation specificity of nonverbal behaviors during ongoing matches.
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| 5. |
- Rosander, Pia, et al.
(author)
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Personality traits measured at baseline can predict academic performance in upper secondary school three years late
- 2014
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1467-9450 .- 0036-5564. ; 55:6, s. 611-618
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to explore the ability of personality to predict academic performance in a longitudinal study of a Swedish upper secondary school sample. Academic performance was assessed throughout a three-year period via final grades from the compulsory school and upper secondary school. The Big Five personality factors (Costa & McCrae, 1992) - particularly Conscientiousness and Neuroticism - were found to predict overall academic performance, after controlling for general intelligence. Results suggest that Conscientiousness, as measured at the age of 16, can explain change in academic performance at the age of 19. The effect of Neuroticism on Conscientiousness indicates that, as regarding getting good grades, it is better to be a bit neurotic than to be stable. The study extends previous work by assessing the relationship between the Big Five and academic performance over a three-year period. The results offer educators avenues for improving educational achievement.
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| 6. |
- Holm, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Coping with workplace incivility in the foodservice industry
- 2023
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In: Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1533-2845 .- 1533-2853. ; 22:3, s. 489-512
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to explore employees’ appraisals and coping responses to workplace incivility in the foodservice industry. Five group interviews with foodservice workers were conducted. 13 different types of experienced or witnessed incivility were identified. Positive-benign, irrelevant, and negative appraisals were found, as well as four major coping themes. These were active, passive, and proactive coping as well as reappraisal, encompassing twelve forms of coping behaviors. Additionally, workplace incivility was described as a daily stressor which can be expressed as a part of the workplace culture in the foodservice industry.
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| 7. |
- Holm, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Workplace incivility as a risk factor for workplace bullying and psychological well-being : a longitudinal study of targets and bystanders in a sample of swedish engineers
- 2022
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In: BMC Psychology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2050-7283. ; 10:1, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The aim of the present study is to explore whether (experienced and witnessed) workplace incivility is a risk factor for (experienced and witnessed) workplace bullying. An additional aim is to explore whether experienced workplace incivility is associated with psychological well-being above and beyond the influence of (experienced and witnessed) workplace bullying on well-being.Methods: A survey was distributed via e-mail to a panel of Swedish engineers. The survey was administered at three time points over one year. In total, N = 1005 engineers responded to the survey. Of these, N = 341 responded to more than one survey, providing longitudinal data. N = 111 responded to all three surveys.Results: The results showed that the likelihood of being targeted by workplace bullying was higher for those who had previously experienced incivility, even when taking previous bullying exposure into account. There was also partial support for a higher likelihood of witnessing bullying at a later time point for those that had previously witnessed incivility. Additionally, the results showed that experienced workplace incivility was negatively related to psychological well-being over time, even when controlling for previous levels of experienced and witnessed workplace bullying and well-being. However, this result was only found over one of the two time lags.Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggests that workplace incivility can be a risk factor for future bullying. In addition, the findings suggest that experienced workplace incivility exerts a unique negative effect on psychological well-being, even when accounting for exposure to workplace bullying.
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| 8. |
- Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Five-factor personality inventories have a competence-related higher-order factor due to item phrasing
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This research examines whether the items of some of the most well-established five-factor inventories refer to competence. Results reveal that both experts and laymen can distinguish between items that refer to how competently a behavior is performed and items that do not (Study 1). Responses to items that refer to competence create a higher-order factor in the personality inventories (Study 2), and the variability in responses to competence-related items in personality self-ratings is best modeled as a general factor rather than as also tied to the specific Big Five factors (Studies 3 and 4). We suggest that a focused debate on what personality items should refer to is likely to have considerable positive consequences for both theory and measurement of personality.
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| 9. |
- Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Is the General Factor of Personality really related to frequency of agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable, extraverted, and open behavior? : An experience sampling study
- 2021
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In: Journal of Individual Differences. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1614-0001 .- 2151-2299. ; 42:3, s. 148-155
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Proponents of the general factor of personality have suggested that it is related to more instances of agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable, extraverted, and open behavior. We tested this frequency hypothesis by relating the GFP from personality self-ratings to the number of instances of typical Big Five behaviors in real life. For a period of 18 consecutive days, 108 students provided responses to experience sampling items on their mobile phones. The items described concrete behaviors that were rated by experts of the Big Five as typical of either of the five traits and were phrased in a way that made them easy to interpret and respond to. The items were then validated in study 1 and it was found that the behavior correlated with Big Five ratings. In a second study, we tested the hypothesis that GFP is related to a higher frequency of GFP related behavior. The results provided little support for the frequency hypothesis and are more compatible with an interpretation of the GFP in terms of style rather than substance.
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| 10. |
- Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Socially desirable responding in experience sampling : Consequences for personality research
- 2021
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In: Journal of Individual Differences. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1614-0001 .- 2151-2299. ; 42:4, s. 157-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Experience sampling often makes use of items that are similar to personality questionnaire items. Arguably, this opens up for item-popularity effects, where some respondents react to the items' level of evaluative phrasing, causing a separate factor. Gauging the risk of item popularity effects in experience sampling is important since the multifactorial aspect of the responses to the items may cause spurious correlations. We investigate this in one original study and two existing datasets. The results reveal that evaluativeness in experience sampling items creates the same type of problems as in self-rating inventories. We conclude that personality researchers need to be aware that the experience sampling method is not vaccinated against socially desirable responding, and that careful phrasing of items promotes purer personality measures. This allows for more optimal testing of theoretical models of personality, as the fit between data and model will not concern variance in socially desirable responding but in the relevant constructs.
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