| 1. |
- Carlsson, Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Café seminar : Stimulating Work-Integrated Learning in Research Education
- 2022
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In: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 19-20
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Many enrolled doctoral students experience a lack of community and uncertainty due to temporary and unpredictable positions. For example, doctoral students in Sweden report feeling lonely and lacking a sense of togetherness regarding their doctoral research program and research community (Akademiet for yngre forskere, 2021; Fackförbundet ST and Sveriges Förenade Studentkårer, 2021). A recent report states that only 15 percent of doctoral students in Norway complete their education by the end of the original contract period (Fodstad-Larsen, 2022), and they are described to battle various psychosocial challenges related to their work, work environment, and work-life. The understanding of research community is, however, by no means a straightforward issue. How research communities develop is unclear, and the role and engagement of doctoral students within the community is equally challenging. Opportunities for social contact, academic discussions with fellow students, integra tion into the departmental community, and the possibility for doctoral students to become involved in the broader research culture are pointed out as triggers for a sense of togetherness (Brew et al., 2017). Nevertheless, these items reflect only a limited notion of a research community. For the triggers to contribute to a sense of togetherness and to a research community where the doctoral students experience learning as an integral part of the research education, it requires an operationalization of the triggers into tools and strategies.Finding tools for building a community and sense of togetherness may be a way to hinder the sense of distress among doctoral students. Furthermore, finding structures to create long-lasting communities may benefit continuous networking among doctoral students contributing to lifelong learning. In this paper, we will explore how "world-café" seminars can be used as a tool and stimulation for community building in research education.The case setting was one seminar session within a series of cross-border doctoral seminars designed to strengthen research collaboration between the participating higher education institutions and promote the exchange of experience and skills between doctoral students and research environments. The seminar series hosted 22 doctoral students from Norway and Sweden, and the participants had different academic backgrounds, belong to different research educations at different academic institutions, and are at different places in the process of the ir research education. The initiators of the seminars were the chairs of the doctoral forums at two academic institutions, one in Sweden and one in Norway. The chairs were also the ones guiding the participants through the café seminar process.A world café is a seminar form which essence is an intervention for organizational change and development or community building amongst individuals, e.g., doctoral students. Its defining characteristic is how communication is based on conversations structured as dialogue. Here, the dialogue is proposed to create a meaning flow between participants, resulting in shared meaning and opportunities for life-long learning as well as learning as an integral part of work or education. Prewitt (2011) describes the caf e's unique contribution as the interventional form; of structured conversation in short cycles, which deliberately mixes participants between cycles to maximize knowledge exchange.To initiate the café seminar, the essence of world café was introduced by the two chairs. The cafés were hosted by the same chairs, in the role as so-called café facilitators guiding the participants throughout the four cycles, each round lasting 20-30 minutes. In the first three cycles, one participant volunteered to be the tab le host with the position to anchor that table's conversation throughout multiple changes of visitors and potential changes of table hosts. The table host was responsible for holding the collective and evolving the topic at this table, and the other participants carried their collective and evolving stories with them. This café had four tables and three topics: i) Knowledge and Life-Long Learning ii) Transformation and Sustainable Development, iii) Social Sustainability. The "transformation and sustainable development" were discussed at two tables and the others at one each. In the first cycle, participants brainstormed in four smaller groups around the three topics the café facilitators presented. The second cycle started when a new composition of doctoral students gathered at each of the four café tablets.The table host presented a summary from the previous discussion before a new brainstorming and discussion started. In the third cycle, participants changed tables again. This time they were encouraged to formalize and concretize the brainstorming notes into a structure containing the research topic, motivation, research question, context, theory and methodology, and contribution. In the fourth and final cycle, the doctoral students formed self -selected writing groups around the three overall topics. At this stage, the café seminar had been going on for 2,5 hours, and the participants were no longer bound to stay in the venue to finish. Hence, the seminar ended with the forming of writing groups. All the writing groups were encouraged to work further with the aim of designing a common abstract. Eight doctoral students chose to continue with the topic of knowledge and life -long learning, four with the topic of transformation and sustainable development, and five chose the topic of social sustainability.Our findings, based on participatory observation, oral feedback from the participants, and evaluation filled in after the seminars, show that a dialogical seminar is well suited for deriving cross-disciplinary research experiences amongst doctoral students. Sharing and exchanging experiences promote work-integrated learning in a research community initiated and led by fellow doctoral students. In the feedback the participants in the café seminar reported a sense of togetherness by being included in a safe community with fellow colleagues. The formal structure of the café seminar provided mutual ground and formalized dialogues amongst doctoral students who would otherwise not meet, and this provided a tool to formulate initiatives for long-lasting communities across disciplines and higher institutions.
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| 2. |
- Hattinger, Monika, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Reviewing human-centric themes in intelligent manufacturing research
- 2022
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In: International Conference on Work Integrated Learning. - Trollhättan : University West. - 9789189325302 ; , s. 125-127
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the era of Industry 4.0, emergent digital technologies generate profound transformations in the industry toward developing intelligent manufacturing. The technologies included in Industry 4.0 are expected to bring new perspectives to the industry on how manufacturing can integrate new solutions to get maximum output with minimum resource utilization (Kamble et al., 2018). Industry 4.0 technologies create a great impact on production systems and processes, however, affect organizational structures and working life conditions by disrupting employees’ everyday practices and knowledge, in which competence and learning, human interaction, and organizational structures are key. Hence, new digital solutions need to be integrated with work and learning to generate more holistic and sustainable businesses (Carlsson et al., 2021).The core Industry 4.0 technologies are built on cyber-physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, and the Internet of things (IoT) (Kagermann et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2018). In recent years, an array of additional technologies has been developed further, such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), cyber security, robotics, and automation. Industry 4.0 aims to create a potential for faster delivery times, more efficient and automated processes, higher quality, and customized products (Zheng et al., 2021). Hence, the ongoing transformation through the technological shift of production in combination with market demands pushes the industry and its production process.Recent research has substantially contributed to an increased understanding of the technological aspects of Industry 4.0. However, the utilization of technologies is only a part of the complex puzzle making up Industry 4.0 (Kagermann et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2021). The impact Industry 4.0 technologies and application s have on the industrial context also changes and disrupts existing and traditional work practices (Taylor et al., 2020), management and leadership (Saucedo-Martínez et al., 2018), learning and skills (Tvenge & Martinsen, 2018), and education (Das et al., 2020). This research has shown a growing interest in human-centric aspects of Industry 4.0 (Nahavandi, 2019), i.e., the transformative effects Industry 4.0 has on humans, workplace design, organizational routines, skills, learning, etc. However, these aspects are scarcely considered in-depth. Given this, and from a holistic point of view, there is a need to understand intelligent manufacturing practice from a human-centric perspective, where issues of work practices and learning are integrated, herein refe rred to as industrial work-integrated learning. I-WIL is a research area that particularly pays attention to knowledge production and learning capabilities related to use and development when technology and humans co -exist in industrial work settings (Shahlaei & Lundh Snis, 2022). Even if Industry 4.0 still is relevant for continuous development, a complementary Industry 5.0 has arisen to provide efficiency and productivity as the sole goals to reinforce a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient manufacturing industry (Breque et al., 2021; Nahavandi, 2019).Given this situation, the research question addressed here is: How does state-of-the-art research of Industry 4.0 technologies and applications consider human-centric aspects? A systematic literature review was conducted aiming to identify a future research agenda that emphasizes human-centric aspects of intelligent manufacturing, that will contribute to the field of manufacturing research and practices. This question was based on very few systematic literature reviews, considering Industry 4.0 research incorporating human -centric aspects for developing intelligent manufacturing (Kamble et al., 2018; Zheng et al., 2021). The literature review study was structured by the design of Xiao and Watson’s (2019) methodology consisting of the steps 1) Initial corpus creation, 2) Finalizing corpus, and 3) Analyzing corpus, and we also used a bibliometric approach throughout the search process (Glänzel & Schoepflin, 1999). The keyword selection was categorized into three groups of search terms, “industry 4.0”, “manufacturing”, and “artificial intelligence”, see figure 1. (Not included here)Articles were collected from the meta -databases EBSCOhost, Scopus, Eric, and the database AIS, to quantify the presence of human-centric or human-involved AI approaches in recent manufacturing research. A total of 999 scientific articles were collected and clustered based on a list of application areas to investigate if there is a difference between various areas in which artificial intelligence is used. The application areas are decision -making, digital twin, flexible automation, platformization, predictive maintenance, predictive quality, process optimization, production planning, and quality assessment.Throughout the review process, only articles that included both AI and human -centric aspects were screened and categorized. The final corpus included 386 articles of which only 93 articles were identified as human -centric. These articles were categorized into three themes: 1) organizational change, 2) competence and learning, and 3) human-automation interaction. Theme 1 articles related mostly to the application areas of flexible automation (11), production planning (9), and predictive maintenance (5). Theme 2 concerned the application areas of production planning and quality assessment (7), and process optimization (7).Finally, theme 3 mainly focused on flexible automation (10), digital twin (3), and platformization (3). The rest of the corpus only consisted of one or two articles in related application areas. To conclude, only a few articles were found that reinforce human -centric themes for Industry 4.0 implementations. The literature review identified obstacles and opportu nities that affect manufacturing organizations to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. Hence, I-WIL is proposed as a research area to inform a new research agenda that captures human and technological integration of Industry 4.0 and to further illuminate human-centric aspects and themes for future sustainable intelligent manufacturing.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- de Blanche, Andreas, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Artificial and human aspects of Industry 4.0: an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda
- 2021
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In: VILÄR. - 9789189325036
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The manufacturing industry is currently under extreme pressure to transform their organizations and competencies to reap the benefits of industry 4.0. The main driver for industry 4.0 is digitalization with disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things, digital platforms, etc. Industrial applications and research studies have shown promising results, but they rarely involve a human-centric perspective. Given this, we argue there is a lack of knowledge on how disruptive technologies take part in human decision-making and learning practices, and to what extent disruptive technologies may support both employees and organizations to “learn”. In recent research the importance and need of including a human-centric perspective in industry 4.0 is raised including a human learning and decision-making approach. Hence, disruptive technologies, by themselves, no longer consider to solve the actual problems.Considering the richness of this topic, we propose an industrial work-integrated-learning research agenda to illuminate a human-centric perspective in Industry 4.0. This work-in-progress literature review aims to provide a research agenda on what and how application areas are covered in earlier research. Furthermore, the review identifies obstacles and opportunities that may affect manufacturing to reap the benefits of Industry 4.0. As part of the research, several inter-disciplinary areas are identified, in which industrial work-integrated-learning should be considered to enhance the design, implementation, and use of Industry 4.0 technologies. In conclusion, this study proposes a research agenda aimed at furthering research on how industrial digitalization can approach human and artificial intelligence through industrial work-integrated-learning for a future digitalized manufacturing.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Kristina M., 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Exploring Socially Sustainable, Smart Manufacturing : Building Bridges Over Troubled Waters
- 2024
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In: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. - : Springer. - 2195-4356 .- 2195-4364. - 9783031381645 - 9783031381652 ; , s. 833-841
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Contemporary manufacturing organizations formulate strategies towards smart manufacturing. However, strategies often merely regard technological improvements of working processes and activities and pay limited attention to human-centric perspectives. This study addresses the complex phenomenon of reaching socially sustainable smart manufacturing by exploring the human-centric perspectives in the eras of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. Data were collected through an explorative qualitative case study with focus groups applying the history wall approach to document informants’ choices of activities that impact digitalization. To investigate informants’ interpretations and experiences of digital initiatives and prospects, the history wall approach was coupled with the analytical lens of the co-workership wheel, with its four conceptual pairs: trust and openness, community spirit and cooperation, engagement and meaningfulness, responsibility, and initiative. A total of 17 informants from different organizational levels at a case company participated. Activities, impacting digitalization, brought forward were grouped into technology, organization, and external impact. Results showed that human-centric and intangible perspectives surfaced as prerequisites when navigating industrial digitalization. Further, digital initiatives and prospects risk drowning in re-occurring organizational changes making successful implementation difficult. Thus, organizations cannot rely solely on technology, but must consider activities related to organizational aspects and impacts from the external environment, when introducing digital initiatives. Intrinsically, recognition of the co-workership concept, emphasizing human-centricity, can support the foundation necessary for bridging the gap towards socially sustainable smart manufacturing and strengthening the emerging I5.0 research.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Anna Karin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Management toward Industry 5.0 : a co-workership approach on digital transformation for future innovative manufacturing
- 2024
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In: European Journal of Innovation Management. - 1460-1060 .- 1758-7115. ; , s. 1-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose –The purpose is to apply the co-workership approach to contribute guidelines for manufacturing managers to exploit the potential of digital technologies through a human-centric perspective.Design/methodology/approach –A longitudinal single case study within manufacturing including a mix of qualitative methods with 18 in-depth interviews and focus groups with 25 participants covering all organizational levels and functions.Findings –Findings demonstrate that to re-interpret manufacturing management through the lens of Industry 5.0 (I5.0), managers need to respond to the call for a more human-centric perspective by focusing on organizational prerequisites, such as holistic understanding, inclusive organizational change, leadership practices, learning and innovation processes.Research limitations/implications –Limitations due to a single case study are compensated with rich data collected over time with the strengths of mixed methods through in-depth interviews and focus groups with participants reflecting and developing ideas jointly.Practical implications –Managers’ awareness of organizational prerequisites to promote human perspectives in all functions and at all levels in digital transformation is pivotal. Thus, proposed organizational prerequisites are presented as managers’ guidelines for future innovative manufacturing.Social implications –Findings emphasize the need for digital transformation managers to apply a human-centric perspective acknowledging how organizational changes affect the inclusion of employees, and thus challenge culture, structure, communication and trust toward I5.0.Originality/value –The study contributes to the emerging field of I5.0 by applying an interdisciplinary approach to understand the elusive phenomena of enfolding technology and humans.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(author)
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Content analysis on management discourse in digitalization : A work in progress discussion paper
- 2020
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In: VILÄR. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789188847867 ; , s. 22-23
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This discussion-based semi-structured literature review aim to map content analysis in digitalization for exploring the industrial management discourse. The complex puzzle we refer to as organizations and the question of technology as an inherited part in contemporary manufacturing companies are posed bringing challenges and changes for management in manufacturing companies. This paper reviews Digitalization, IT, The Digital, Smart Industry, I4.0, and Maturity as approaches to qualitative content analysis, elaborating on the level of abstraction and degree of interpretation used constructing categories and themes of meaning in the management discourse. Qualitative content analysis is an autonomous method and can be used at varying levels of abstraction and interpretation. Previous research has treated the phenomena of digitalization as something that needs an answer, others have turned to focus on the context of implications. Either way, digitalization has remained a conundrum relative the industrial management discourse. A key issue isto show the logic in how digitalization is depicted and connected to a management discourse to further understand the phenomena. Illuminating such connections is framed as part of the I-WIL research community’s learning, further presented as knowledge gaps probing future research. Drawing on Johansson et al.’s (2017) paper addressing knowledge gaps concerning work and organization, this discussion-based paper aims to address the broad phenomenon of digitalization through a management discourse; Reviewing state-of-the-art literature and presenting viewpoints of the aspects of digitalization showing knowledge gaps for future research using content analysis.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(author)
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Social Aspects of Strategizing Industrial Digitalization
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis aims to contribute to understanding how contemporary Swedish manufacturing organizations can strategize industrial digitalization with an emerging focus on social aspects. It complements earlier research by highlighting Swedish manufacturing organizations as they stand at the intersection of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0.The thesis is a longitudinal case study of interviews and focus groups between early 2019 and spring 2023. The case study follows an explorative approach to give texture to industrial digitalization and to understand the social aspects of strategizing industrial digitalization. It is limited to the Swedish context and the characteristics of original equipment manufacturers.The thesis contributes by texturizing industrial digitalization through three social aspects, which are argued to be a way for manufacturing organizations to give shape to industrial digitalization. The social aspects elaborated on and presented in this thesis are: to look beyond digital technologies, to formalize a shared understanding, and to transcend organizational structures. These social aspects are thematic but also interlinked. Together, these social aspects bring insights into how managers can guide the organizational capabilities to ensure synergy between an organization’s actions and objectives when strategizing industrial digitalization. Strategizing industrial digitalization should, therefore, be texturized by each organization to define and redefine its organizational capabilities. This means each organization's social aspects are unique, making the manufacturing organizations' capabilities unique.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Linnea
(author)
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Strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization : exploring managers’ technological frames
- 2023
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In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 34:9, s. 20-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – This study draws on technological frames to provide an understanding of organizational processes of strategizing by exploring how strategizing organizational capabilities for industrial digitalization could be understood through managers’ perceptions of digital technology applications. This study complements earlier research focused on industry outcomes by addressing technological frames to understand how strategizing organizational capabilities within industrial digitalization may provide insight into socio-cognitive aspects which may affect technology-induced organizational change.Design/methodology/approach – The single case study uses 14 in-depth interviews collected over two years (October 2020 to February 2022). The study follows an interpretative research design exploring managers’ perceptions of industrial digitalization through a digitalization project.Findings – The case study contributes to research by emphasizing socio-cognitive aspects through technological frames exploring how and why managers’ perceptions of industrial digitalization affect strategizing organizational capabilities. The study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views of industrial digitalization. By illustrating how socio-cognitive aspects shape organizational capabilities, this study offers managers valuable insight into the relationship between an organization’s capabilities, the individual and the shared structures affecting a digitalization project.Research limitations/implications – The case study is limited to Swedish manufacturing industries and is not aiming to be transferred or generalized to other industrial contexts or countries.Originality/value – This study recognizes that strategizing organizational capabilities depends on managers’ ability to illuminate the socio-cognitive aspects. Hence, the study contributes to practice by bringing attention to the disparate views among managers on the enhancement efforts made using digital technologies.
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