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- Fleyeh, Hasan
(author)
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Traffic sign recognition without color information
- 2015
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In: Colour and Visual Computing Symposium (CVCS), 2015. - Borlänge : Högskolan Dalarna. ; , s. 1-6
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Color represents an important attribute in the field of traffic sign recognition. However, when the color of the traffic sign fades or the traffic scene is collected in gray as in the case of Infrared imaging, then color based recognition systems fail. Other problems related to color are simply that different countries use different colors. Even within the European Union, colors of traffic signs are not the same.This paper aims to present a new approach to detect traffic signs without color attributes. It is based a two-stage sliding window which detects traffic signs in the multi-scale image. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptors are computed as a quality function which are evaluated by two SVM classifier; the coarse and the fine detectors. Different objects detected by the coarse detectors are clustered and a fine search is conducted in the areas where traffic signs are more probable to exist. Experiments conducted to detect traffic signs under different light conditions such as sunny, cloudy, fog and snow fall have showed a performance of 98% and very low false positive rate. The proposed approach was tested on the Yield traffic signs because it has a simple triangular shape which can be found in many places other than the traffic signs and represent a challenge to the proposed approach.
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| 2. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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A method for measuring Parkinson's disease related temporal irregularity in spiral drawings
- 2016
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In: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics. - New York : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781509024551 ; , s. 410-413
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this paper was to develop and evaluate clinimetric properties of a method for measuring Parkinson's disease (PD)-related temporal irregularities using digital spiral analysis. In total, 108 (98 patients in different stages of PD and 10 healthy elderly subjects) performed repeated spiral drawing tasks in their home environments using a touch screen device. A score was developed for representing the amount of temporal irregularity during spiral drawing tasks, using Approximate Entropy (ApEn) technique. In addition, two previously published spiral scoring methods were adapted and their scores were analyzed. The mean temporal irregularity score differed significantly between healthy elderly subjects and advanced PD patients (P<0.005). The ApEn-based method had a better responsiveness and test-retest reliability when compared to the other two methods. In contrast to the other methods, the mean scores of the ApEn-based method improved significantly during a 3 year clinical study, indicating a possible impact of pathological basal ganglia oscillations in temporal control during spiral drawing tasks. In conclusion, the ApEn-based method could be used for differentiating between patients in different stages of PD and healthy subjects. The responsiveness and test-retest reliability were good for the ApEn-based method indicating that this method is useful for measuring upper limb temporal irregularity at a micro-level.
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| 3. |
- Jomaa, Diala, et al.
(author)
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Review of the effectiveness of vehicle activated signs
- 2013
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In: Journal of Transportation Technologies. - Irvine, CA : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2160-0481 .- 2160-0473. ; 3:2, s. 123-130
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper reviews the effectiveness of vehicle activated signs. Vehicle activated signs are being reportedly used in recent years to display dynamic information to road users on an individual basis in order to give a warning or inform about a specific event. Vehicle activated signs are triggered individually by vehicles when a certain criteria is met. An example of such criteria is to trigger a speed limit sign when the driver exceeds a pre-set threshold speed. The preset threshold is usually set to a constant value which is often equal, or relative, to the speed limit on a particular road segment.This review examines in detail the basis for the configuration of the existing sign types in previous studies and explores the relation between the configuration of the sign and their impact on driver behavior and sign efficiency. Most of previous studies showed that these signs have significant impact on driver behavior, traffic safety and traffic efficiency. In most cases the signs deployed have yielded reductions in mean speeds, in speed variation and in longer headways. However most experiments reported within the area were performed with the signs set to a certain static configuration within applicable conditions. Since some of the aforementioned factors are dynamic in nature, it is felt that the configurations of these signs were thus not carefully considered by previous researchers and there is no clear statement in the previous studies describing the relationship between the trigger value and its consequences under different conditions. Bearing in mind that different designs of vehicle activated signs can give a different impact under certain conditions of road, traffic and weather conditions the current work suggests that variable speed thresholds should be considered instead.
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| 4. |
- Yella, Siril, et al.
(author)
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Machine vision approach for automating vegetation detection on railway tracks
- 2013
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In: Journal of Intelligent Systems. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2191-026X .- 0334-1860. ; 22:2, s. 179-196
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presence of vegetation on railway tracks (amongst other issues) threatens track safety and longevity. However, vegetation inspections in Sweden (and elsewhere in the world) are currently being carried out manually. Manually inspecting vegetation is very slow and time consuming. Maintaining an even quality standard is also very difficult. A machine vision-based approach is therefore proposed to emulate the visual abilities of the human inspector. Work aimed at detecting vegetation on railway tracks has been split into two main phases. The first phase is aimed at detecting vegetation on the tracks using appropriate image analysis techniques. The second phase is aimed at detecting the rails in the image to determine the cover of vegetation that is present between the rails as opposed to vegetation present outside the rails. Results achieved in the current work indicate that the machine vision approach has performed reasonably well in detecting the presence/absence of vegetation on railway tracks when compared with a human operator.
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| 5. |
- Aghanavesi, Somayeh, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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A smartphone-based system to quantify dexterity in Parkinson's disease patients
- 2017
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In: Informatics in Medicine Unlocked. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-9148. ; 9, s. 11-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this paper is to investigate whether a smartphone-based system can be used to quantify dexterity in Parkinson's disease (PD). More specifically, the aim was to develop data-driven methods to quantify and characterize dexterity in PD. Methods Nineteen advanced PD patients and 22 healthy controls participated in a clinical trial in Uppsala, Sweden. The subjects were asked to perform tapping and spiral drawing tests using a smartphone. Patients performed the tests before, and at pre-specified time points after they received 150% of their usual levodopa morning dose. Patients were video recorded and their motor symptoms were assessed by three movement disorder specialists using three Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor items from part III, the dyskinesia scoring and the treatment response scale (TRS). The raw tapping and spiral data were processed and analyzed with time series analysis techniques to extract 37 spatiotemporal features. For each of the five scales, separate machine learning models were built and tested by using principal components of the features as predictors and mean ratings of the three specialists as target variables. Results There were weak to moderate correlations between smartphone-based scores and mean ratings of UPDRS item #23 (0.52; finger tapping), UPDRS #25 (0.47; rapid alternating movements of hands), UPDRS #31 (0.57; body bradykinesia and hypokinesia), sum of the three UPDRS items (0.46), dyskinesia (0.64), and TRS (0.59). When assessing the test-retest reliability of the scores it was found that, in general, the clinical scores had better test-retest reliability than the smartphone-based scores. Only the smartphone-based predicted scores on the TRS and dyskinesia scales had good repeatability with intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.51 and 0.84, respectively. Clinician-based scores had higher effect sizes than smartphone-based scores indicating a better responsiveness in detecting changes in relation to treatment interventions. However, the first principal component of the 37 features was able to capture changes throughout the levodopa cycle and had trends similar to the clinical TRS and dyskinesia scales. Smartphone-based scores differed significantly between patients and healthy controls. Conclusions Quantifying PD motor symptoms via instrumented, dexterity tests employed in a smartphone is feasible and data from such tests can also be used for measuring treatment-related changes in patients. © 2017
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| 7. |
- Ahlstrand, Roland, 1956-
(author)
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Social responsibility in connection with business closures : A study of closures of Ericsson Telecom facilities in Norrköping and Linköping
- 2010
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In: Economic and Industrial Democracy. - London : Sage Publications. - 0143-831X .- 1461-7099. ; 31:4, s. 537-555
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present article analyses why and how Ericsson Telecom assumeda greater responsibility than was legally required when it dismissedmore than 23,000 employees in Sweden at the beginning of the21st century. The analysis starts from neoinstitutional theoryand is based on case studies of the company’s closuresin Norrköping and Linköping. The article focuses,in particular, on the interaction between Ericsson, the tradeunions, the County Administrative Board, the County Labour Board,the Public Employment Service, the Swedish Employment SecurityCouncil, the government and the respective municipalities. Itis shown that the greater responsibility taken by Ericsson wasbased on its desire to maintain legitimacy by taking into considerationprevailing societal expectations regarding the company’sbehaviour.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Biswas, Rubel, et al.
(author)
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Detection and classification of speed limit traffic signs
- 2014
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In: 2014 World Congree on Computer Applications and Information Systems (WCCAIS). - 9781479933518
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a novel traffic sign recognition system which can aid in the development of Intelligent Speed Adaptation. This system is based on extracting the speed limit sign from the traffic scene by Circular Hough Transform (CHT) with the aid of colour and non-colour information of the traffic sign. The digits of the speed limit sign are then extracted and classified using SVM classifier which is trained for this purpose. In general, the system detects the prohibitory traffic sign in the first place, specifies whether the detected sign is a speed limit sign, and then determines the allowed speed in case the detected sign is a speed limit sign. The SVM classifier was trained with 270 images which were collected in different light conditions. To check the robustness of this system, it was tested against 210 images which contain 213 speed limit traffic sign and 288 Non-Speed limit signs. It was found that the accuracy of recognition was 98% which indicates clearly the high robustness targeted by this system.
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| 10. |
- Dougherty, Mark
(author)
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Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue : Part 3 - An elephant never forgets
- 2017
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In: Journal of Intelligent Systems. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0334-1860 .- 2191-026X. ; 26:3, s. 433-437
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forgetting is an oft-forgotten art. Many artificial intelligence (AI) systems deliver good performance when first implemented; however, as the contextual environment changes, they become out of date and their performance degrades. Learning new knowledge is part of the solution, but forgetting outdated facts and information is a vital part of the process of renewal. However, forgetting proves to be a surprisingly difficult concept to either understand or implement. Much of AI is based on analogies with natural systems, and although all of us have plenty of experiences with having forgotten something, as yet we have only an incomplete picture of how this process occurs in the brain. A recent judgment by the European Court concerns the "right to be forgotten" by web index services such as Google. This has made debate and research into the concept of forgetting very urgent. Given the rapid growth in requests for pages to be forgotten, it is clear that the process will have to be automated and that intelligent systems of forgetting are required in order to meet this challenge.
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