| 1. |
- Abbaspour Asadollah, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of surface EMG-based recognition algorithms for decoding hand movements
- 2019
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In: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - : Springer. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 58:1, s. 83-100
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Myoelectric pattern recognition (MPR) to decode limb movements is an important advancement regarding the control of powered prostheses. However, this technology is not yet in wide clinical use. Improvements in MPR could potentially increase the functionality of powered prostheses. To this purpose, offline accuracy and processing time were measured over 44 features using six classifiers with the aim of determining new configurations of features and classifiers to improve the accuracy and response time of prosthetics control. An efficient feature set (FS: waveform length, correlation coefficient, Hjorth Parameters) was found to improve the motion recognition accuracy. Using the proposed FS significantly increased the performance of linear discriminant analysis, K-nearest neighbor, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), and support vector machine by 5.5%, 5.7%, 6.3%, and 6.2%, respectively, when compared with the Hudgins’ set. Using the FS with MLE provided the largest improvement in offline accuracy over the Hudgins feature set, with minimal effect on the processing time. Among the 44 features tested, logarithmic root mean square and normalized logarithmic energy yielded the highest recognition rates (above 95%). We anticipate that this work will contribute to the development of more accurate surface EMG-based motor decoding systems for the control prosthetic hands. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 2. |
- Åkerberg, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Design challenges and objectives in industrial wireless sensor networks
- 2017
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In: Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks: Applications, Protocols, and Standards. - Boca Raton : CRC Press. - 9781466500525 - 9781466500518 ; , s. 79-100
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In recent years the advances in wireless sensor networks have grown exponentially and WSNs have been deployed in diverse application areas such as agriculture, disaster management, intelligent transport systems, and industrial automation. In industrial automation, wireless sensor networks have so far mostly been considered within building automation, factory automation, and process automation in order to save cost in cable reduction and maintenance but also improved flexibility [14]. Recently, wireless sensor networks for smart grid applications have been discussed. Several market forecasts have recently predicted exponential growths in the sensor market over the next few years, resulting in a multi-billion dollar market in the near future. For instance, ABI research [18] predicts that in 2015 around 645 million IEEE 802.15.4 chipsets will be shipped and that the worldwide market for automation systems in process industries will grow to roughly $150 billion.
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| 3. |
- Wang, W., et al.
(author)
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Packet priority assignment for wireless control systems of multiple physical systems
- 2019
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In: Proceedings - 2019 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing, ISORC 2019. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728101507 ; , s. 143-150
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wireless control systems (WCSs) have gained much attention lately, due to their easy deployment and flexibility compared to wired control systems. However, this comes at the cost of possibly increased network delay and packet losses, that can significantly impact the control system performance, and possibly its stability. Such problems become even more relevant if the network is shared among different control systems, and thus becomes a scarce resource, like in Industrial Internet of Things applications. In this paper, we describe how to assign packet priorities dynamically when there are many physical systems sharing a given network, aiming at minimizing the performance degradation of the WCS. Towards that, we present a network model including both delay and packet losses, both of which are very important for the control system performance. Our solution is evaluated over two different use cases to show the generality of the approach: the WCS for a set of inverted pendula, and the WCS for small modular reactors in a nuclear power plant. The results show that the proposed approach allows for a more stable performance even in presence of highly nonlinear systems, sensitive to time-varying delays, as well as in presence of high network interference.
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| 4. |
- Hoang, L. -N, et al.
(author)
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A framework for reliable exchange of periodic and event-driven messages in platoons
- 2015
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In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop, ICCW 2015. - Piscataway : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467363051 ; , s. 2471-2476
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Platooning is widely considered a promising approach to decrease fuel consumption by reducing the air drag. However, in order to achieve the benefits of aerodynamic efficiency, the inter-vehicle distances must be kept short. This implies that the intra-platoon communication must not only be reliable but also able to meet strict timing deadlines. In this paper, we propose a framework that reliably handles the co-existence of both time-triggered and event-driven control messages in platooning applications and we derive an efficient message dissemination technique. We propose a semi-centralized time division multiple access (TDMA) approach, which e.g., can be placed on top of the current standard IEEE 802.11p and we evaluate the resulting error probability and delay, when using it to broadcast periodic beacons and disseminating event-driven messages within a platoon. Simulation results indicate that the proposed dissemination policy significantly enhances the reliability for a given number of available time-slots, or alternatively, reduces the delay, in terms of time-slots, required to achieve a certain target error probability, without degrading the performance of co-existing time-triggered messages.
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| 5. |
- Hoang, L. -N, et al.
(author)
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An efficient message dissemination technique in platooning applications
- 2015
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In: IEEE Communications Letters. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 1089-7798 .- 1558-2558. ; 19:6, s. 1017-1020
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autonomous driving in road trains, a.k.a. platooning, may reduce fuel consumption considerably if the inter-vehicle distances are kept short. However, to do this, the intra-platoon communication must not only be reliable but also able to meet strict deadlines. While time-triggered messages are the foundation of most distributed control applications, platooning is likely to also require dissemination of event-driven messages. While much research work has focused on minimizing the age of periodic messages, state-of-the-art for disseminating event-driven messages is to let all nodes repeat all messages and focus on mitigating broadcast storms. We derive an efficient message dissemination scheme based on relay selection which minimizes the probability of error at the intended receiver(s) for both unicast and broadcast, without degrading the performance of co-existing time-triggered messages. We present a full analysis of the resulting error probability and delay, when relayers, selected by our algorithm, are used to disseminate messages within a platoon. Numerical results indicate that the proposed relaying policy significantly enhances the reliability for a given delay.
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| 6. |
- Sjöberg, Katrin, et al.
(author)
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Measuring and using the RSSI of IEEE 802.11p
- 2010
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In: 17th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, ITS 2010, Busan, South Korea, 25-29 October 2010.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The scalability of intelligent transport systems (ITS) applications is difficult to test in a field operational test (FOT) due to the high number of ITS equipped vehicles required. Therefore, computer simulations for evaluating different wireless communication technologies for ITS different applications can serve as a complement. In this paper we present results from lab measurements conducted on the CVIS hardware platform equipped with the upcoming standard IEEE 802.11p. We have measured the packet error rate versus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for different packet lengths. This lab measurement is the first step towards an outdoor measurement campaign which also considers interference. The outdoor measurements will then be fed into a computer simulator together with a realistic channel model for evaluating the scalability of VANETs in a highway scenario.
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| 7. |
- Campeanu, Gabriel, 1982-
(author)
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GPU Support for Component-based Development of Embedded Systems
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- One pressing challenge of many modern embedded systems is to successfully deal with the considerable amount of data that originates from the interaction with the environment. A recent solution comes from the use of GPUs. Equipped with a parallel execution model, the GPU excels in parallel processing applications, providing an improved performance compared to the CPU.Another trend in the embedded systems domain is the use of component-based development. This software engineering paradigm that promotes construction of applications through the composition of software components, has been successfully used in the development of embedded systems. However, the existing approaches provide no specific support to develop embedded systems with GPUs. As a result, components with GPU capability need to encapsulate all the required GPU information in order to be successfully executed by the GPU. This leads to component specialization to specific platforms, hence drastically impeding component reusability.Our main goal is to facilitate component-based development of embedded systems with GPUs. We introduce the concept of flexible component which increases the flexibility to design embedded systems with GPUs, by allowing the system developer to decided where to place the component, i.e., either on the CPU or GPU. Furthermore, we provide means to automatically generate the required information for flexible components corresponding to their hardware placement, and to improve component communication. Through the introduced support, components with GPU capability are platform-independent, being capable to be executed on a large variety of hardware (i.e., platforms with different GPU characteristics). Furthermore, an optimization step is introduced, which groups connected flexible components into single entities that behave as regular components. Dealing with components that can be executed either by the CPU or GPU, we also introduce an allocation optimization method. The proposed solution, implemented using a mathematical solver, offers alternative options in optimizing particular system goals (e.g., memory and energy usage).
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| 8. |
- Mubeen, Saad, et al.
(author)
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How to Design Source Routing for Mesh Topology Network on Chip?
- 2012
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In: Introduction to Routing Issues. - : iConcept Press Ltd.. - 9781461098713
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter discusses a step-by-step method to design source routing for Network on Chip, especially for platforms with small sizes and regular topologies like mesh. The design steps include routing algorithm selection, path computation, link load analysis, load balancing, path encoding, simulation and performance evaluation.
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| 9. |
- Rezaei, A., et al.
(author)
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SAMi : Self-aware migration approach for congestion reduction in NoC-based MCSoC
- 2017
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In: International System on Chip Conference. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781509013661 ; , s. 145-150
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many-Core System-on-Chips (MCSoCs) require efficient task migration approach in order to reach system performance objectives such as load balancing, communication optimization, fault tolerance, and temperature control. In this paper an efficient self-aware migration approach is introduced for NoC-based MCSoCs using a centralized feedback controller in order to control the congestion over the system. The proposed approach is divided into four main steps: predicting behavior of the application, defining reliable triggers to initiate task migration, introducing cost comparison functions, and presenting a streamlined controlling mechanism to migrate tasks. The experimental results affirm that the proposed self-aware migration approach can help achieving significant throughput and system utilization while efficiently controlling system congestion.
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| 10. |
- Balador, Ali, et al.
(author)
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A Reliable Token-Based MAC Protocol for V2V Communication in Urban VANET
- 2016
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In: 2016 IEEE 27TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR, AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS (PIMRC). - Piscataway : IEEE. - 9781509032549 - 9781509032556 ; , s. 1586-1591
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Safety applications developed for vehicular environments require every vehicle to periodically broadcast its status information (beacon) to all other vehicles, thereby avoiding the risk of car accidents in the road. Due to the high requirements on timing and reliability posed by traffic safety applications, the current IEEE 802.11p standard, which uses a random access Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, faces difficulties to support timely and reliable data dissemination in vehicular environments where no acknowledgement or RTS/CTS (Request-to-Send/Clear-to-Send) mechanisms are adopted. In this paper, we propose the Dynamic Token-Based MAC (DTB-MAC) protocol. It implements a token passing approach on top of a random access MAC protocol to prevent channel contention as much as possible, thereby improving the reliability of safety message transmissions. Our proposed protocol selects one of the neighbouring nodes as the next transmitter; this selection accounts for the need to avoid beacon lifetime expiration. Therefore, it automatically offers retransmission opportunities to allow vehicles to successfully transmit their beacons before the next beacon is generated whenever time and bandwidth are available. Based on simulation experiments, we show that the DTB-MAC protocol can achieve better performance than IEEE 802.11p in terms of channel utilization and beacon delivery ratio for urban scenarios.
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