| 1. |
- Sagberg, Fridulv, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Research on Driving Styles and Road Safety
- 2015
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Ingår i: Human Factors. - : SAGE Publications. - 1547-8181 .- 0018-7208. ; 57:No. 7, November 2015, s. 1248- 1275
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To outline a conceptual framework for understanding driving style and, based on this, review the state-of-the-art research on driving styles in relation to road safety.Background: Previous research has indicated a relationship between the driving styles adopted by drivers and their crash involvement. However, a comprehensive literature review of driving style research is lacking. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted, including empirical, theoretical and methodological research on driving styles related to road safety. Results: A conceptual framework was proposed where driving styles are viewed in terms of driving habits established as a result of individual dispositions as well as social norms and cultural values. Moreover, a general scheme for categorising and operationalizing driving styles was suggested. On this basis, existing literature on driving styles and indicators was reviewed. Links between driving styles and road safety were identified and individual and socio-cultural factors influencing driving style were reviewed. Conclusion: Existing studies have addressed a wide variety of driving styles, and there is an acute need for a unifying conceptual framework in order to synthesise these results and make useful generalisations. There is a considerable potential for increasing road safety by means of behaviour modification. Naturalistic driving observations represent particularly promising approaches to future research on driving styles. Application: Knowledge about driving styles can be applied in programmes for modifying driver behaviour and in the context of usage-based insurance. It may also be used as a means for driver identification and for the development of driver assistance systems.
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| 2. |
- Varga, Balázs, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Robust tracking controller design for active dolly steering
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. - : SAGE Publications. - 2041-2991 .- 0954-4070. ; 232:5, s. 695-706
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper different actuation level steering control methods for an A-double vehicle combination (tractor-semitrailer-dolly-semitrailer) are proposed. The aim of the paper is to show viability of advanced actuation control strategies on a practical vehicular application. Three different types of robust controllers are proposed: a robust Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller, an output feedback linear Hinf controller and an induced L2-norm minimizing Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) controller. All controllers are augmented with anti-windup compensators to respect steering angle and steering rate limits. Each model based controller robustly rejects external disturbances and tracks a reference steering angle, generated by motion control system. Frequency- and time domain analysis proves that Hinf and LPV controllers outperform PID controller in terms of reference tracking and disturbance rejection. Comparative simulation scenarios are provided on the basis of Volvo Group Trucks Technology’s high fidelity vehicle simulator.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Xiulai, et al.
(författare)
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DCEO Biotechnology: Tools to Design, Construct, Evaluate, and Optimize the Metabolic Pathway for Biosynthesis of Chemicals
- 2018
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Ingår i: Chemical Reviews. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0009-2665 .- 1520-6890. ; 118:1, s. 4-72
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical synthesis is a well established route for producing many chemicals on a large scale, but some drawbacks still exist in this process, such as unstable intermediates, multistep reactions, complex process control, etc. Biobased production provides an attractive alternative to these challenges, but how to make cells into efficient factories is challenging. As a key enabling technology to develop efficient cell factories, design-construction-evaluation-optimization (DCEO) biotechnology, which incorporates the concepts and techniques of pathway design, pathway construction, pathway evaluation, and pathway optimization at the systems level, offers a conceptual and technological framework to exploit potential pathways, modify existing pathways and create new pathways for the optimal production of desired chemicals. Here, we summarize recent progress of DCEO biotechnology and examples of its application, and provide insights as to when, what and how different strategies should be taken. In addition, we highlight future perspectives of DCEO biotechnology for the successful establishment of biorefineries.
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| 4. |
- Govender, Rydvikha, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Therapy for the individual: Towards patient integration into the manufacturing and provision of pharmaceuticals
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3441 .- 0939-6411. ; 149, s. 58-76
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individualized therapy with pharmaceutical products aims to elicit predictable and optimized treatment responses from specific patients. Doing so requires production platforms and technology capable of tailoring products to individual patient needs. However, despite recent manufacturing innovations and key technologies on the rise, e.g. continuous manufacturing and additive manufacturing (3D printing), the prevailing production paradigm employed in the pharmaceutical industry is mass production. Although mass production is efficient and cost-effective, it is typically based on a ‘one-size-fits-all’ product concept and lacks the flexibility and agility required to fully meet the needs of the individual patient. Indeed, we present data that confirm a suspected major imbalance between the recent medical evolution underpinning personalized/precision medicine and the recent advances in the associated manufacturing technologies. In this context we target the needs of the individual as a main driver for pharmaceutical products which support individualized therapy. We particularly address that a wider integration of critical patient dimensions into the manufacture and provision of pharmaceutical products is pivotal for enabling a patient-centric and efficient mass customization-based production paradigm. Here, we present a critical review of the area and its inherent challenges which aims to clarify key design requirements for establishing mass customization opportunities. Through primary sources of scientific information for individualized therapies, patient needs are captured, analysed, and conceptualized. This summarized set of key drivers provides the basis for a proposed patient-centric framework of requirements for use in design of product and production platforms for mass customization. The extent to which emerging pharmaceutical manufacturing technologies satisfy key individual patient needs is explored through a high-level assessment against the proposed patient-centric framework, with special attention paid to oral dosage forms. Altogether this holistic review and position paper, with its constituent steps, reveals major gaps in the evolution of Product-Process-Production approaches and solutions required for producing affordable individualized/personalized pharmaceuticals that respond to the needs and demands of the individual patient. Lastly, in a brief commentary and outlook, we suggest key research directions for closing gaps and addressing manufacturing technology challenges. We also articulate the importance of tackling them in a holistic, integrated way, together with challenges in product individualization and personalization.
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| 5. |
- Lillford, P.J., et al.
(författare)
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Global missions and the critical needs of food science and technology
- 2021
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Ingår i: Trends in Food Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2244. ; 111, s. 800-811
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Achievement of many Sustainable Development Goals has a critical reliance on the food chain at both a global and local level. The future contribution of the biological sciences to agriculture and human health has been widely recognised, but the enabling science and engineering underpinning food manufacturing and distribution has not been so thoroughly examined. Scope and approach: The challenges confronting Food Science and Technology are considered from a global perspective and routes to their solutions are expressed as Mission Statements requiring multidisciplinary collaboration. These encompass the introduction of novel raw materials; changes in Manufacturing, including process and systems engineering; waste reduction and product safety and traceability. Approaches to better health via improved diets are presented, including “Hidden Hunger” and affordable foods for the poor as well as the increasing role of advanced digital technologies such as Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence. Key findings and conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that FS&T is a crucial knowledge base that will allow advances in Primary Production to be sustainably converted to better control of Health through Diet. The missions involve new greater interdisciplinary collaboration, and require development of new measurement science. The need for continuing investment in food science and technology is global, but its application will require different approaches in local regions. It is vital that continuous education and training is increased by both public and private sector investment. Consumers must also be engaged to increase their awareness of new technologies and their consequent benefits to food supply and healthier diets.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Quanli, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Current state of aromatics production using yeast: achievements and challenges
- 2020
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0958-1669 .- 1879-0429. ; 65, s. 65-74
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aromatics find a range of applications in the chemical, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. While production of aromatics on the current market heavily relies on petroleum-derived chemical processes or direct extraction from plants, there is an increasing demand for establishing new renewable and sustainable sources of aromatics. To this end, microbial cell factories-mediated bioproduction using abundant feedstocks comprises a highly promising alternative to aromatics production. In this review, we provide the recent development of de novo biosynthesis of aromatics derived from the shikimate pathway in yeasts, including the model Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as other non-conventional species. Moreover, we discuss how evolved metabolic engineering tools and strategies contribute to the construction and optimization of aromatics cell factories.
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| 7. |
- Nüßgen, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Leveraging Robust Artificial Intelligence for Mechatronic Product Development : A Literature Review
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Intelligence Science. - : Scientific Research Publishing. ; 14:01, s. 1-21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechatronic product development is a complex and multidisciplinary field that encompasses various domains, including, among others, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control theory and software engineering. The integration of artificial intelligence technologies is revolutionizing this domain, offering opportunities to enhance design processes, optimize performance, and leverage vast amounts of knowledge. However, human expertise remains essential in contextualizing information, considering trade-offs, and ensuring ethical and societal implications are taken into account. This paper therefore explores the existing literature regarding the application of artificial intelligence as a comprehensive database, decision support system, and modeling tool in mechatronic product development. It analyzes the benefits of artificial intelligence in enabling domain linking, replacing human expert knowledge, improving prediction quality, and enhancing intelligent control systems. For this purpose, a consideration of the V-cycle takes place, a standard in mechatronic product development. Along this, an initial assessment of the AI potential is shown and important categories of AI support are formed. This is followed by an examination of the literature with regard to these aspects. As a result, the integration of artificial intelligence in mechatronic product development opens new possibilities and transforms the way innovative mechatronic systems are conceived, designed, and deployed. However, the approaches are only taking place selectively, and a holistic view of the development processes and the potential for robust and context-sensitive artificial intelligence along them is still needed.
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| 8. |
- Poorinmohammad, Naghmeh, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Systems-level approaches for understanding and engineering of the oleaginous cell factory Yarrowia lipolytica
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 118:10, s. 3640-3654
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concerns about climate change and the search for renewable energy sources together with the goal of attaining sustainable product manufacturing have boosted the use of microbial platforms to produce fuels and high-value chemicals. In this regard, Yarrowia lipolytica has been known as a promising yeast with potentials in diverse array of biotechnological applications such as being a host for different oleochemicals, organic acid, and recombinant protein production. Having a rapidly increasing number of molecular and genetic tools available, Y. lipolytica has been well studied amongst oleaginous yeasts and metabolic engineering has been used to explore its potentials. More recently, with the advancement in systems biotechnology and the implementation of mathematical modeling and high throughput omics data-driven approaches, in-depth understanding of cellular mechanisms of cell factories have been made possible resulting in enhanced rational strain design. In case of Y. lipolytica, these systems-level studies and the related cutting-edge technologies have recently been initiated which is expected to result in enabling the biotechnology sector to rationally engineer Y. lipolytica-based cell factories with favorable production metrics. In this regard, here, we highlight the current status of systems metabolic engineering research and assess the potential of this yeast for future cell factory design development.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Junyang, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic biology advanced natural product discovery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1989 .- 2218-1989. ; 11:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wide variety of bacteria, fungi and plants can produce bioactive secondary metabolites, which are often referred to as natural products. With the rapid development of DNA sequencing technology and bioinformatics, a large number of putative biosynthetic gene clusters have been reported. However, only a limited number of natural products have been discovered, as most biosynthetic gene clusters are not expressed or are expressed at extremely low levels under conventional laboratory conditions. With the rapid development of synthetic biology, advanced genome mining and engineering strategies have been reported and they provide new opportunities for discovery of natural products. This review discusses advances in recent years that can accelerate the design, build, test, and learn (DBTL) cycle of natural product discovery, and prospects trends and key challenges for future research directions.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Mengge, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Cocoa Butter Equivalent Production
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-4185. ; 8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cocoa butter is extracted from cocoa beans, and it is mainly used as the raw material for the production of chocolate and cosmetics. Increased demands and insufficient cocoa plants led to a shortage of cocoa butter supply, and there is therefore much interesting in finding an alternative cocoa butter supply. However, the most valuable component of cocoa butter is rarely available in other vegetable oils. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important industrial host for production of chemicals, enzyme and pharmaceuticals. Advances in synthetical biology and metabolic engineering had enabled high-level of triacylglycerols (TAG) production in yeast, which provided possible solutions for cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs) production. Diverse engineering strategies focused on the fatty acid-producing pathway had been applied in S. cerevisiae, and the key enzymes determining the TAG structure were considered as the main engineering targets. Recent development in phytomics and multi-omics technologies provided clues to identify potential targeted enzymes, which are responsible for CBE production. In this review, we have summarized recent progress in identification of the key plant enzymes for CBE production, and discussed recent and future metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies for increased CBE production in S. cerevisiae.
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