| 1. |
- Seisenbaeva, Gulaim, et al.
(författare)
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Precursor directed synthesis - "molecular" mechanisms in the Soft Chemistry approaches and their use for template-free synthesis of metal, metal oxide and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles and nanostructures
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 6, s. 6229-6244
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review provides an insight into the common reaction mechanisms in Soft Chemistry processes involved in nucleation, growth and aggregation of metal, metal oxide and chalcogenide nanoparticles starting from metal-organic precursors such as metal alkoxides, beta-diketonates, carboxylates and their chalcogene analogues and demonstrates how mastering the precursor chemistry permits us to control the chemical and phase composition, crystallinity, morphology, porosity and surface characteristics of produced nanomaterials.
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| 2. |
- Zhao, Yun, et al.
(författare)
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Solid Polymer Electrolytes with High Conductivity and Transference Number of Li Ions for Li-Based Rechargeable Batteries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advanced Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2198-3844. ; 8:7
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart electronics and wearable devices require batteries with increased energy density, enhanced safety, and improved mechanical flexibility. However, current state-of-the-art Li-based rechargeable batteries (LBRBs) use highly reactive and flowable liquid electrolytes, severely limiting their ability to meet the above requirements. Therefore, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are introduced to tackle the issues of liquid electrolytes. Nevertheless, due to their low Li+ conductivity and Li+ transference number (LITN) (around 10?5 S cm?1 and 0.5, respectively), SPE-based room temperature LBRBs are still in their early stages of development. This paper reviews the principles of Li+ conduction inside SPEs and the corresponding strategies to improve the Li+ conductivity and LITN of SPEs. Some representative applications of SPEs in high-energy density, safe, and flexible LBRBs are then introduced and prospected.
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| 3. |
- Lund, Anja, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Electrically conducting fibres for e-textiles: An open playground for conjugated polymers and carbon nanomaterials
- 2018
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Ingår i: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-796X .- 1879-212X. ; 126, s. 1-29
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conducting fibres and yams promise to become an essential part of the next generation of wearable electronics that seamlessly integrate electronic function into one of the most versatile and most widely used form of materials: textiles. This review explores the many types of conducting fibres and yarns that can be realised with conjugated polymers and carbon materials, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes and graphene. We discuss how the interplay of materials properties and the chosen processing technique lead to fibres with a wide range of electrical and mechanical properties. Depending on the choice of conjugated polymer, carbon nanotube, graphene, polymer blend, or nanocomposite the electrical conductivity can vary from less than 10(-3) to more than 10(3) S cm(-1), accompanied by an increase in Young's modulus from 10 s of MPa to 100 s of GPa. Further, we discuss how conducting fibres can be integrated into electronic textiles (e-textiles) through e.g. weaving and knitting. Then, we provide an overview of some of the envisaged functionalities, such as sensing, data processing and storage, as well as energy harvesting e.g. by using the piezoelectric, thermoelectric, triboelectric or photovoltaic effect. Finally, we critically discuss sustainability aspects such as the supply of materials, their toxicity, the embodied energy of fibre and textile production and recyclability, which currently are not adequately considered but must be taken into account to ready carbon based conducting fibres for truly practical e-textile applications.
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| 4. |
- Ali, Sharafat, Associate Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of composition on the thermal properties and structure of M-Al-Si-O-N glasses, M = Na, Mg, Ca
- 2024
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Ingår i: Progress in Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0079-6786 .- 1873-1643. ; 74
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the composition, structure, and thermal characteristics of M-Al-Si-O-N glasses, with M representing sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), or calcium (Ca). The glasses were prepared by melting in a quartz crucible at 1650 degrees C and AlN precursor (powder) was utilized as a nitrogen source. The measured thermal properties studied were glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), glass stability, viscosity, and thermal expansion coefficient (alpha). The findings indicate that increasing the aluminum content leads to higher glass transition, crystallization temperatures, and viscosities. In contrast, fragility values increase with the Al contents, while modifier elements and silicon content influence thermal expansion coefficient values. FTIR analysis revealed that in all glasses, the dominant IR bands are attributed to the presence of Q2 and Q3 silicate units. The effect of Al is observed as a progressive polymerization of the silicate network resulting from the glass-forming role of Al2O3. In most samples, the Q4 silicate mode was also observed, strongly related to the high Al content. Overall, the study shows that the complexity of composition-property correlations where the structural changes affect the properties of Mg/Ca-based oxynitride glasses has potential implications for their use in various technological fields.
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| 5. |
- Bi, Lianjie, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of rare earth oxides on microstructure and mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys fabricated by high energy beam processing: A review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Rare Earths. - 1002-0721. ; 42:9, s. 1629-1645
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the effects of rare earth oxides on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys prepared by high-energy beam processing technology were critically studied. The focus is on the optimal amount of rare earth oxides that can produce ideal results. Special attention was paid to their main strengthening mechanisms, including solid solution strengthening mainly in the form of solid solution dissolved in the nickel-based alloy and improving the microstructure of the alloy by grain refinement or fine grain strengthening produced by homogenizing the distribution phase. Y2O3, La2O3 and CeO2 rare earth oxides can also improve the fluidity of the alloy molten pool and reduce the segregation of alloying elements. These advantages can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the alloy. Thereafter, this paper outlines the future research directions of rare earth oxides, aiming to expand their application potential.
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| 6. |
- Fang, Aoqi, et al.
(författare)
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Advancements in Micro-LED Performance through Nanomaterials and Nanostructures: A Review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nanomaterials. - 2079-4991. ; 14:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs), with their advantages of high response speed, long lifespan, high brightness, and reliability, are widely regarded as the core of next-generation display technology. However, due to issues such as high manufacturing costs and low external quantum efficiency (EQE), μLEDs have not yet been truly commercialized. Additionally, the color conversion efficiency (CCE) of quantum dot (QD)-μLEDs is also a major obstacle to its practical application in the display industry. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent applications of nanomaterials and nanostructures in μLEDs and discuss the practical effects of these methods on enhancing the luminous efficiency of μLEDs and the color conversion efficiency of QD-μLEDs. Finally, the challenges and future prospects for the commercialization of μLEDs are proposed.
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| 7. |
- Hofmann, Anna, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Materials for Transparent Electrodes: From Metal Oxides to Organic Alternatives
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advanced Electronic Materials. - : Wiley. - 2199-160X .- 2199-160X. ; 4:10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optoelectronic devices, such as displays, are now omnipresent in our daily life. A crucial component of these devices is a transparent electrode, which allows the in- and outcoupling of light. With the goal of optimizing the electrode characteristics and improving device efficiencies, many approaches for the fabrication of thin, transparent, conducting films have been studied. This review gives an overview of the different material classes which are used as transparent electrodes, ranging from metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide, metal, and carbonaceous nanostructures, to conducting polymers and composites. For every material class, a brief description of the fundamental principles, processing routes, and the latest achievements is given. Furthermore, the optoelectronic performance, flexibility, and surface roughness of the different electrodes are compared. Ultimately, advantages and drawbacks of the respective electrodes are discussed. This critical comparison of fundamentally different transparent conducting materials allows, on one hand, to make a sensible choice of electrode for specific applications, and, on the other hand, to point out scientific challenges that must still be addressed.
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| 8. |
- Jabir Hussain, Ahmed Fardan, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical modelling of particle impact and residual stresses in cold sprayed coatings: A review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Surface and Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972. ; 409
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cold spray technology provides protective coatings, additive manufacturing and repair to a wide array of industrial sectors. Alternative tags for cold spray include, kinetic metallisation, kinetic fusion, hypersonic spray, gas dynamic cold spray, cold spray printing, and cold spray additive manufacturing. These processes employ the same physics principles of accelerating micrometre-sized particles to supersonic velocities that impact and adhere onto a suitably prepared substrate. Numerical modelling has been used extensively to study particle impact modelling. The prediction of critical velocity, deformation mechanism and, more recently, residual stresses have been areas of interest that have been evaluated by numerical methods such as Lagrangian, Eulerian, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian, and Molecular Dynamics. The crucial findings of these models are summarised, and their comparative outcomes assessed with a critical analysis of their merits and weaknesses. The process parameters applied in the simulations such as particle diameter, impact velocity, pre-heat temperature and material chemistry is compiled. The experimental techniques used for residual stress measurements; such as X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, material removal, curvature measurement and deformation techniques, are concisely reviewed from the context of being applied to cold spray deposits.
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| 9. |
- Kádár, Roland, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Cellulose Nanocrystal Liquid Crystal Phases: Progress and Challenges in Characterization Using Rheology Coupled to Optics, Scattering, and Spectroscopy
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 15:5, s. 7931-7945
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) self-assemble and can be flow-assembled to liquid crystalline orders in a water suspension. The orders range from nano- to macroscale with the contributions of individual crystals, their micron clusters, and macroscopic assemblies. The resulting hierarchies are optically active materials that exhibit iridescence, reflectance, and light transmission. Although these assemblies have the potential for future renewable materials, details about structures on different hierarchical levels that span from the nano- to the macroscale are still not unraveled. Rheological characterization is essential for investigating flow properties; however, bulk material properties make it difficult to capture the various length-scales during assembly of the suspensions, for example, in simple shear flow. Rheometry is combined with other characterization methods to allow direct analysis of the structure development in the individual hierarchical levels. While optical techniques, scattering, and spectroscopy are often used to complement rheological observations, coupling them in situ to allow simultaneous observation is paramount to fully understand the details of CNC assembly from liquid to solid. This Review provides an overview of achievements in the coupled analytics, as well as our current opinion about opportunities to unravel the structural distinctiveness of cellulose nanomaterials.
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| 10. |
- Lei, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Graphene and Beyond: Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Materials Synthesis, Properties, and Devices
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Nanoscience Au. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2694-2496. ; 2:6, s. 450-485
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, two-dimensional (2D) materials research has rapidly evolved into an entire subdiscipline in the physical sciences with a wide range of emergent applications. The unique 2D structure offers an open canvas to tailor and functionalize 2D materials through layer number, defects, morphology, moiré pattern, strain, and other control knobs. Through this review, we aim to highlight the most recent discoveries in the following topics: theory-guided synthesis for enhanced control of 2D morphologies, quality, yield, as well as insights toward novel 2D materials; defect engineering to control and understand the role of various defects, including in situ and ex situ methods; and properties and applications that are related to moiré engineering, strain engineering, and artificial intelligence. Finally, we also provide our perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this fascinating field.
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