Corrosion-induced release and environmental interaction of chromium, nickel and iron from stainless steel

• A cross-disciplinary research project has been implemented because of increased awareness of the potential environmental effects caused by dispersion of metals from external applications into the environment. The work comprises a 4-year (1998-2002) field exposure of grades 304 and 316 stainless steels, and a laboratory percolation study simulating 20-25 years of chromium and nickel containing runoff water interactions with soil. Total metal annual release rates varied between 0.2 and 0.7 mg m(-2) yr(-1) for Cr, between 0.1 and 0.8 mg m(-2) yr(-1) for Ni and between 10 and 200 mg m(-2) yr(-1) for Fe. Most Cr and Ni is present in an ionic form as a result of the limited presence of organic matter at the immediate release situation. Metal ion concentrations in the runoff water are far below reported ecotoxic concentrations. Studies of the environmental interaction between runoff water from stainless steel and soil show the majority of released Cr and Ni to be retained and their concentrations in percolation water to be very low (0.5-1 mu g L-1 and 1-5.5 mu g L-1 for Cr and Ni, respectively). Speciation calculations showed Cr to be primarily complexed to dissolved organic carbon while Ni also was present in an ionic form in the solution phase. Soil extractions showed Cr and Ni to be very strongly retained within the soil.

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Naturresursteknik -- Annan naturresursteknik (hsv//swe)

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Environmental Engineering -- Other Environmental Engineering (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Atmospheric corrosion

Chemical speciation

Ecotoxicity

Environmental risk assessment

Metal release

Soil retention

Stainless steel

Chromium

Corrosion

Environmental impact

Iron

Nickel

Organic compounds

Percolation (fluids)

Runoff

Stainless steel

Suspensions (fluids)

Atmospheric corrosions

Chemical speciations

Ecotoxicity

Environmental risk assessments

Metal release

Soil retentions

Soil pollution

chromium

iron

metal ion

nickel

organic matter

runoff

stainless steel

Chromium

Corrosion

Environmental impact

Iron

Nickel

Organic compounds

Percolation (fluids)

Runoff

Soil pollution

Stainless steel

Suspensions (fluids)

chromium

corrosion

iron

nickel

runoff

speciation (chemistry)

article

corrosion

ecotoxicity

environmental factor

risk assessment

soil pollution

Environmental engineering

Miljöteknik

Publikations- och innehållstyp

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