Phototoxic effects of zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) complexed with 5-ALA in RD cell line

• In this current study, we have manifested the photosensitizing effects of zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) in dark as well as under ultra violet light exposure with 240 nm of UV region, using human muscle cancer (Rhybdomyosarcoma cells, RD) as in vitro experimental model. We have fabricated ZnO-NWs on the tip of borosilicate glass capillaries (0.5 mu m diameter) and were conjugated using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for the efficient intracellular drug delivery. When ZnO NWs were applied on tumor localizing drugs with non ionizing illumination, then excited drug liberates reactive oxygen species (ROS), effecting mitochondria and nucleus resulting in cell necrosis within few minutes. During investigations, we observed that when ZnO-NWs grown on intracellular tip was excited by using 240 nm of UV light, as a resultant 625 nm of emitted red light were used as appetizer in the presence of 5-ALA for chemical reaction, which produces singlet oxygen, responsible for cell necrosis. Morphological changes of necrosed cells were examined under microscopy. Moreover, Viability of controlled and treated RD cells with optimum dose of light (UV-Visible) has been assessed by MTT assay as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection.

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