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Risks and Benefits ...
Risks and Benefits of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medication on Behavioral and Neuropsychiatric Outcomes : A Qualitative Review of Pharmacoepidemiology Studies Using Linked Prescription Databases
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- Chang, Zheng (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Ghirardi, Laura (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Quinn, Patrick D. (författare)
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Bloomington Indiana, USA
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- Asherson, Philip (författare)
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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- D'Onofrio, Brian M. (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet
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- Larsson, Henrik, 1975- (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier, 2019
- 2019
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 86:5, s. 335-343
- Relaterad länk:
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https://europepmc.or...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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http://kipublication...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication is one of the most commonly prescribed medication classes in child and adolescent psychiatry, and its use is increasing rapidly in adult psychiatry. However, major questions and concerns remain regarding the benefits and risks of ADHD medication, especially in real-world settings. We conducted a qualitative systematic review of studies that investigated the effects of ADHD medication on behavioral and neuropsychiatric outcomes using linked prescription databases from the last 10 years and identified 40 studies from Europe, North America, and Asia. Among them, 18 used within-individual designs to account for confounding by indication. These studies suggested short-term beneficial effects of ADHD medication on several behavioral or neuropsychiatric outcomes (i.e., injuries, motor vehicle accidents, education, substance use disorder), with estimates suggesting relative risk reduction of 9% to 58% for these outcomes. The within-individual studies found no evidence of increased risks for suicidality and seizures. Replication studies are needed for several other important outcomes (i.e., criminality, depression, mania, psychosis). The available evidence from pharmacoepidemiology studies on long-term effects of ADHD medication was less clear. We discuss time-varying confounding and other limitations that should be considered when interpreting results from pharmacoepidemiology studies. Furthermore, we highlight several knowledge gaps to be addressed in future research and implications for research on mechanisms of outcomes of ADHD medications.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- ADHD medication
- Long-term outcomes
- Pharmacoepidemiology
- Real-world evidence
- Short-term outcomes
- Within-individual design
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- for (ämneskategori)
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