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The individual and ...
The individual and contextual pathways between oral health and income inequality in Brazilian adolescents and adults
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Celeste, R. K. (författare)
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Nadanovsky, P. (författare)
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Ponce de Leon, A. (författare)
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- Fritzell, Johan (författare)
- Stockholms universitet,Centrum för forskning om ojämlikhet i hälsa (CHESS)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2009
- 2009
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 69:10, s. 1468-1475
- Relaterad länk:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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http://kipublication...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- We evaluate the association between incomeinequality (Gini index) and oralhealth and in particular the role of alternative models in explaining this association. We also studied whether or not income at the individual level modifies the Gini effect. We used data from an oralhealth survey in Brazil in 2002–2003. Our analysis included 23,568 15–19 and 22,839 35–44 year-olds nested in 330 municipalities. Different models were fitted using multilevel analysis. The outcomes analysed were the number of untreated dental caries (count), having at least one missing tooth (dichotomous) and being edentulous (dichotomous). To assess interaction as a departure from additivity we used the Synergy Index. For this, we dichotomized the Gini coefficient (high vs low inequality) by the median value across municipalities and the individualincome in the point beyond which it showed roughly no association with oralhealth. Adjusted rate ratio of mean untreated dental caries, respectively for the 15–19 and 35–44 age groups, was 1.12 and 1.16 for each 10 points increase in Gini scale. Adjusted odds ratio of a 15–19 year-old having at least one missing tooth or a 35–44 year-old being edentulous was, respectively, 1.19 and 1.01. High incomeinequality had no statistically significant synergistic effect with being poor or living in a poor municipality. Higher levels of incomeinequality at the municipal level were associated with worse oralhealth and there was an unexplained residual effect after controlling for potential confoundings and mediators. Municipal level incomeinequality had a similar, detrimental effect, among individuals with lower or higher income.
Nyckelord
- Socio-economic factors
- Effect modifier
- Inequality
- Oralhealth
- Contextual effect
- Mediators
- Brazil
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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