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Epidemiology of Acu...
Epidemiology of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants
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Cohen, Cheryl (author)
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Moyes, Jocelyn (author)
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Tempia, Stefano (author)
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Groome, Michelle (author)
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Walaza, Sibongile (author)
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Pretorius, Marthi (author)
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Naby, Fathima (author)
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Mekgoe, Omphile (author)
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- Kahn, Kathleen (author)
- Umeå universitet,Epidemiologi och global hälsa,MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences; INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana
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von Gottberg, Anne (author)
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Wolter, Nicole (author)
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Cohen, Adam L. (author)
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von Mollendorf, Claire (author)
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Venter, Marietjie (author)
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Madhi, Shabir A. (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2016-04-01
- 2016
- English.
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In: Pediatrics. - : American Academy of Pediatrics. - 0031-4005 .- 1098-4275. ; 137:4
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND: Increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) has been suggested in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is unclear. We studied the epidemiology of LRTI hospitalization in HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) and HEU infants aged <6 months in South Africa. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled hospitalized infants with LRTI from 4 provinces from 2010 to 2013. Using polymerase chain reaction, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for 10 viruses and blood for pneumococcal DNA. Incidence for 2010-2011 was estimated at 1 site with population denominators. RESULTS: We enrolled 3537 children aged <6 months. HIV infection and exposure status were determined for 2507 (71%), of whom 211 (8%) were HIV infected, 850 (34%) were HEU, and 1446 (58%) were HUU. The annual incidence of LRTI was elevated in HEU (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-1.5) and HIV infected (IRR 3.8; 95% CI 3.3-4.5), compared with HUU infants. Relative incidence estimates were greater in HEU than HUU, for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; IRR 1.4; 95% CI 1.3-1.6) and human metapneumovirus-associated (IRR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-2.0) LRTI, with a similar trend observed for influenza (IRR 1.2; 95% CI 0.8-1.8). HEU infants overall, and those with RSV-associated LRTI had greater odds (odds ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-3.8, and 12.2, 95% CI 1.7-infinity, respectively) of death than HUU. CONCLUSIONS: HEU infants were more likely to be hospitalized and to die in-hospital than HUU, including specifically due to RSV. This group should be considered a high-risk group for LRTI.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Pediatrik (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Pediatrics (hsv//eng)
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Pediatrics
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- By the author/editor
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Cohen, Cheryl
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Moyes, Jocelyn
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Tempia, Stefano
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Groome, Michelle
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Walaza, Sibongil ...
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Pretorius, Marth ...
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show more...
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Naby, Fathima
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Mekgoe, Omphile
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Kahn, Kathleen
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von Gottberg, An ...
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Wolter, Nicole
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Cohen, Adam L.
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von Mollendorf, ...
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Venter, Marietji ...
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Madhi, Shabir A.
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- About the subject
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Clinical Medicin ...
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and Pediatrics
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Pediatrics
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Umeå University