Bipolar disorder I. Temperament and character

Background: The nature of the relationship between personality and bipolar affective disorders is an important but unanswered question. Methods: We have studied personality in bipolar patients by using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). TCI were administered to 100 euthymic bipolar patients and 100 controls from the normal population.Results: Bipolar patients were significantly higher in harm avoidance (HA) and lower in reward dependence (RD), self-directedness (SD), and cooperativeness (CO) than controls. Bipolar patients are more fatigable, less sentimental, more independent, less purposeful, less resourceful, less empathic, less helpful, less pure-hearted, and have less impulse control than controls. Bipolar II patients are more impulsive, more fatigable, less resourceful, and have less impulse control than bipolar I patients.Limitations: Our results are limited to euthymic bipolar patients and cannot be generalized to affective disorders.Conclusions: Even when clinically euthymic on lithium maintenance, bipolar patients continue to have a characteristic cognitive deficit. This is in agreement with cognitive theories about cognitive deficits in depression that are regarded as important vulnerability factors in mood disorders.

Brändström, Sven,1952-Linköpings universitet,Hälsouniversitetet,Psykiatri(Swepub:liu)svebr58 (författare)
Sigvardsson, SörenUmeå universitet,Socialmedicin (författare)
Cloninger, Robert (författare)
Nylander, Per-Olof (författare)
Linköpings universitetHälsouniversitetet (creator_code:org_t)

Ingår i:Journal of Affective DisordersAmsterdam : Elsevier82:1, s. 131-1340165-03271573-2517

Av författaren/redakt...: Engström, Christ ...; Brändström, Sven ...; Sigvardsson, Sör ...; Cloninger, Rober ...; Nylander, Per-Ol ...

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MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Psykiatri

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Neurologi

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