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The Role of Inflamm...
The Role of Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease
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- Henein, Michael Y. (författare)
- Umeå universitet,Avdelningen för medicin,Institute of Environment Health and Societies, Brunel University, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University, London, United Kingdom
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- Vancheri, Sergio (författare)
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
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- Longo, Giovanni (författare)
- Cardiovascular and Interventional Department, S.Elia Hospital, Caltanissetta, Italy
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- Vancheri, Federico (författare)
- Department of Internal Medicine, S.Elia Hospital, Caltanissetta, Italy
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-10-26
- 2022
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 23:21
- Relaterad länk:
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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https://umu.diva-por... (primary) (Raw object)
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which the immune system has a prominent role in its development and progression. Inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction results in an increased permeability to lipoproteins and their subendothelial accumulation, leukocyte recruitment, and platelets activation. Recruited monocytes differentiate into macrophages which develop pro- or anti-inflammatory properties according to their microenvironment. Atheroma progression or healing is determined by the balance between these functional phenotypes. Macrophages and smooth muscle cells secrete inflammatory cytokines including interleukins IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-6. Within the arterial wall, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol undergoes an oxidation. Additionally, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and remnant lipoproteins exert pro-inflammatory effects. Macrophages catabolize the oxidized lipoproteins and coalesce into a lipid-rich necrotic core, encapsulated by a collagen fibrous cap, leading to the formation of fibro-atheroma. In the conditions of chronic inflammation, macrophages exert a catabolic effect on the fibrous cap, resulting in a thin-cap fibro-atheroma which makes the plaque vulnerable. However, their morphology may change over time, shifting from high-risk lesions to more stable calcified plaques. In addition to conventional cardiovascular risk factors, an exposure to acute and chronic psychological stress may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease through inflammation mediated by an increased sympathetic output which results in the release of inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation is also the link between ageing and cardiovascular disease through increased clones of leukocytes in peripheral blood. Anti-inflammatory interventions specifically blocking the cytokine pathways reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, although they increase the risk of infections.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- atherosclerosis
- cerebral artery aneurysm
- coronary artery disease
- coronary atherosclerotic plaque
- inflammation
- stroke
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- for (ämneskategori)
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