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A twin study of the...
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Hettema, John M
(författare)
A twin study of the genetics of fear conditioning.
- Artikel/kapitelEngelska2003
Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...
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American Medical Association (AMA),2003
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printrdacarrier
Nummerbeteckningar
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-21270
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https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-21270URI
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http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:19386969URI
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https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.7.702DOI
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Språk:engelska
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Sammanfattning på:engelska
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Ämneskategori:ref swepub-contenttype
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Ämneskategori:art swepub-publicationtype
Anmärkningar
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Fear conditioning is a traditional model for the acquisition of fears and phobias. Studies of the genetic architecture of fear conditioning may inform gene-finding strategies for anxiety disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic and environmental sources of individual differences in fear conditioning by means of a twin sample. METHODS: Classic fear conditioning data were experimentally obtained from 173 same-sex twin pairs (90 monozygotic and 83 dizygotic). Sequences of evolutionary fear-relevant (snakes and spiders) and fear-irrelevant (circles and triangles) pictorial stimuli served as conditioned stimuli paired with a mild electric shock serving as the unconditioned stimulus. The outcome measure was the electrodermal skin conductance response. We applied structural equation modeling methods to the 3 conditioning phases of habituation, acquisition, and extinction to determine the extent to which genetic and environmental factors underlie individual variation in associative and nonassociative learning. RESULTS: All components of the fear conditioning process in humans demonstrated moderate heritability, in the range of 35% to 45%. Best-fitting multivariate models suggest that 2 sets of genes may underlie the trait of fear conditioning: one that most strongly affects nonassociative processes of habituation that also is shared with acquisition and extinction, and a second that appears related to associative fear conditioning processes. In addition, these data provide tentative evidence of differences in heritability based on the fear relevance of the stimuli. CONCLUSION: Genes represent a significant source of individual variation in the habituation, acquisition, and extinction of fears, and genetic effects specific to fear conditioning are involved.
Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar
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Adult
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Association Learning/physiology
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Comparative Study
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Conditioning; Classical/*physiology
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Diseases in Twins/etiology/*genetics
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Extinction (Psychology)/physiology
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Family
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Fear/*physiology
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Female
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Galvanic Skin Response/physiology
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Habituation (Psychophysiology)/physiology
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Humans
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Male
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Models; Genetic
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Multivariate Analysis
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Phobic Disorders/etiology/*genetics
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Reinforcement (Psychology)
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Research Support; Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support; U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.
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Social Environment
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Twins; Dizygotic/genetics
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Twins; Monozygotic/genetics
Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)
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Annas, PeterKarolinska Institutet
(författare)
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Neale, Michael C
(författare)
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Kendler, Kenneth S
(författare)
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Fredrikson, MatsUppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi(Swepub:uu)matsfred
(författare)
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Karolinska InstitutetInstitutionen för psykologi
(creator_code:org_t)
Sammanhörande titlar
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Ingår i:Arch Gen Psychiatry: American Medical Association (AMA)60:7, s. 702-80003-990X
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