Sökning: onr:"swepub:oai:DiVA.org:uu-218957" >
Moxifloxacin Popula...
Moxifloxacin Population Pharmacokinetics and Model-Based Comparison of Efficacy between Moxifloxacin and Ofloxacin in African Patients
-
Zvada, Simbarashe P. (författare)
-
Denti, Paolo (författare)
-
Sirgel, Frederick A. (författare)
-
visa fler...
-
Chigutsa, Emmanuel (författare)
-
Hatherill, Mark (författare)
-
Charalambous, Salome (författare)
-
Mungofa, Stanley (författare)
-
Wiesner, Lubbe (författare)
-
- Simonsson, Ulrika S. H. (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap,farmakometri
-
Jindani, Amina (författare)
-
Harrison, Thomas (författare)
-
McIlleron, Helen M. (författare)
-
visa färre...
-
(creator_code:org_t)
- 2014
- 2014
- Engelska.
-
Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 58:1, s. 503-510
- Relaterad länk:
-
https://urn.kb.se/re...
-
visa fler...
-
https://doi.org/10.1...
-
visa färre...
Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Pharmacokinetic exposure and the MIC of fluoroquinolones are important determinants of their efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Population modeling was used to describe the steady-state plasma pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin in 241 tuberculosis (TB) patients in southern Africa. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to obtain the area under the unbound concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (fAUC(0-24)) after daily doses of 400 mg or 800 mg moxifloxacin and 800 mg ofloxacin. The MIC distributions of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin were determined for 197 drug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. For a specific MIC, the probability of target attainment (PTA) was determined for target fAUC(0-24)/MIC ratios of >= 53 and >= 100. The PTAs were combined with the MIC distributions to calculate the cumulative fraction of response (CFR) for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Even with the less stringent target ratio of >= 53, moxifloxacin at 400 mg and ofloxacin at 800 mg achieved CFRs of only 84% and 58% for multidrug-resistant isolates with resistance to an injectable drug, while the 800-mg moxifloxacin dose achieved a CFR of 98%. Using a target ratio of >= 100 for multidrug-resistant strains (without resistance to injectable agents or fluoroquinolones), the CFR was 88% for moxifloxacin and only 43% for ofloxacin, and the higher dose of 800 mg moxifloxacin was needed to achieve a CFR target of >90%. Our results indicate that moxifloxacin is more efficacious than ofloxacin in the treatment of MDR-TB. Further studies should determine the optimal pharmacodynamic target for moxifloxacin in a multidrug regimen and clarify safety issues when it is administered at higher doses.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmaceutiska vetenskaper (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmaceutical Sciences (hsv//eng)
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
Hitta via bibliotek
Till lärosätets databas
- Av författaren/redakt...
-
Zvada, Simbarash ...
-
Denti, Paolo
-
Sirgel, Frederic ...
-
Chigutsa, Emmanu ...
-
Hatherill, Mark
-
Charalambous, Sa ...
-
visa fler...
-
Mungofa, Stanley
-
Wiesner, Lubbe
-
Simonsson, Ulrik ...
-
Jindani, Amina
-
Harrison, Thomas
-
McIlleron, Helen ...
-
visa färre...
- Om ämnet
-
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP
-
MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...
-
och Medicinska och f ...
-
och Farmaceutiska ve ...
- Artiklar i publikationen
-
Antimicrobial Ag ...
- Av lärosätet
-
Uppsala universitet