Mitochondrial function and membrane integrity: an in vitro comparison between six commonly used opioids

• Introduction: There is an ongoing opioid crisis in the United States where the illicit and non-medical use of prescription opioids is associated with an increasing number of overdose deaths. Few studies have investigated the effects of opioid-induced effects on cell viability, and comparative studies are scarce. Here we examine the toxic effect on cell viability from six commonly used opioids; methadone, morphine, oxycodone, hydromorphone, ketobemidone, and fentanyl with respect to mitochondrial and membrane function in vitro. Methods: The opioids were tested in four different cell cultures; primary cortical cell cultures, human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and both differentiated and undifferentiated neuroblastoma/glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells. Results: The six different opioids displayed the same trend of reduced cell viability in all four cell cultures. The ranking of opioids, with respect to reduced cell viability were as follows; methadone, fentanyl, ketobemidone, oxycodone, hydromorphone, and morphine. Conclusion: Methadone was ranked as the most toxic opioid closely followed by fentanyl. Ketobemidone and oxycodone had modest effects while both hydromorphone and morphine only displayed little to no negative impact on cell viability.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Methadone

Morphine

Oxycodone

Hydromorphone

Ketobemidone

Fentanyl

Cell viability

primary cell cultures

NG108-15

SH-SY5Y

Opioids

Farmaceutisk vetenskap

Pharmaceutical Science

Publikations- och innehållstyp

vet (ämneskategori)

ovr (ämneskategori)