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Energy Conversion and Particle Acceleration at Turbulent Plasma Jet Fronts

Richard, Louis (författare)
Uppsala universitet,Rymd- och plasmafysik,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen
Khotyaintsev, Yuri V., Professor (preses)
Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen
Graham, Daniel B., Doctor (preses)
Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen
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Vaivads, Andris, Professor (preses)
Division of Space and Plasma Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden, and Ventspils University of Applied Sciences, Ventspils 3601, Latvia
Yordanova, Emiliya, Doctor (preses)
Uppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen
Angelopoulos, Vassilis, Professor (opponent)
Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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 (creator_code:org_t)
ISBN 9789151319742
Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2023
Engelska 78 s.
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  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
Abstract Ämnesord
Stäng  
  • High-speed plasma flows (jets) are ubiquitous phenomena in the visible Universe. When the fast plasma flow encounters the ambient plasma at rest, it forms a front where its kinetic energy is dissipated. At the jet front, charged particles gain energy from the electromagnetic fields through heating and acceleration. Plasma jets carry energy away from the most powerful sources in the visible Universe (e.g., active galactic nuclei) and transfer it to the surrounding medium. High-speed plasma flows are also common in planetary magnetospheres, including the Earth’s magnetotail. In the Earth’s magnetotail, plasma jets, called bursty bulk flows, are crucial in transporting energy to the inner magnetosphere in the (sub-)storm cycle. However, the physical mechanisms through which the jet deposits its energy into the plasma are yet to be understood. This thesis focuses on plasma jets produced by magnetic reconnection in the Earth’s magnetotail. The magnetotail is a natural laboratory to probe the plasma at the kinetic scales (10-100 km). This allows us to address some of the open questions related to plasma jet fronts and the associated energy conversion and particle acceleration. We use the four Magne-tospheric Multiscale spacecraft launched in 2015. In paper I, we focus on the global effects of the plasma jets on the Earth’s magnetotail. In the wake of a plasma jet, we show that the Earth’s magnetotail current sheet undergoes a kink-like flapping motion transporting energy across the magnetotail. In paper II, we study the ion acceleration mechanisms associated with the jet. We identify three active mechanisms depending on the relative ion energy compared with the jet size. In paper III, we challenge the picture of the jet front as a sharp two-dimensional boundary. We show that the jet front is often strongly perturbed, contrary to the commonly accepted pic-ture. In paper IV, we investigate the ion dynamics in the magnetic reconnection jets. We show that the thermal ions are rapidly scattered by the strongly curved magnetic field in the magne-totail current sheet. Finally, in paper V, we focus on the turbulence in the plasma jets. We show that the turbulence substantially contributes to the magnetic reconnection energy transfer.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik -- Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences -- Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Plasma jets
Magnetic reconnection
Particle acceleration
Magnetosphere
Magnetospheric Multiscale
Fysik med inriktning mot rymd- och plasmafysik
Physics with specialization in Space and Plasma Physics

Publikations- och innehållstyp

vet (ämneskategori)
dok (ämneskategori)

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