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Abundance of female...
Abundance of female-biased and paucity of male-biased somatically expressed genes on the mouse X-chromosome.
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- Reinius, Björn (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Karolinska Institutet,Evolution och utvecklingsbiologi,Jazin Elena
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- Johansson, Martin (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Evolution och utvecklingsbiologi,Jazin Elena
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- Radomska, Katarzyna (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Evolution och utvecklingsbiologi,Jazin Elena
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Morrow, Edward H (författare)
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- Pandey, Gaurav Kumar (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Genomik
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- Kanduri, Chandrasekhar, 1967 (författare)
- Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för biomedicin, avdelningen för medicinsk genetik och klinisk genetik,Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics
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- Sandberg, Rickard (författare)
- Karolinska Institutet
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Williams, Robert W (författare)
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- Jazin, Elena (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Evolution och utvecklingsbiologi,Jazin Elena
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2012
- 2012
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: BMC genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 13
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- ABSTRACT: Background: Empirical evaluations of sexually dimorphic expression of genes on the mammalian X-chromosome are needed to understand the evolutionary forces and the gene-regulatory mechanisms controlling this chromosome. We performed a large-scale sex-bias expression analysis of genes on the X-chromosome in six different somatic tissues from mouse. Results: Our results show that the mouse X-chromosome is enriched with female-biased genes and depleted of male-biased genes. This suggests that feminisation as well as de-masculinisation of the X-chromosome has occurred in terms of gene expression in non-reproductive tissues. Several mechanisms may be responsible for the control of female-biased expression on chromosome X, and escape from X-inactivation is a main candidate. We confirmed escape in case of Tmem29 using RNA-FISH analysis. In addition, we identified novel female-biased non-coding transcripts located in the same female-biased cluster as the well-known coding X-inactivation escapee Kdm5c, likely transcribed from the transition-region between active and silenced domains. We also found that previously known escapees only partially explained the overrepresentation of female-biased X-genes, particularly for tissue-specific female-biased genes. Therefore, the gene set we have identified contains tissue-specific escapees and/or genes controlled by other sexually skewed regulatory mechanisms. Analysis of gene age showed that evolutionarily old X-genes (>100 myr, preceding the radiation of placental mammals) are more frequently female-biased than younger genes. Conclusion: Altogether, our results have implications for understanding both gene regulation and gene evolution of mammalian X-chromosomes, and suggest that the final result in terms of the X-gene composition (masculinisation versus feminisation) is a compromise between different evolutionary forces acting on reproductive and somatic tissues.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Medicinsk genetik (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Medical Genetics (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Genetik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Genetics (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- X-chromosome
- Sex chromosome
- Somatic
- Gene expression
- Sexual antagonism
- Sexual selection
- Gender
- Sex-bias
- Female-bias
- Male-bias
- Sexual dimorphism
- Dosage compensation
- X-inactivation
- Escape
- Feminisation
- Masculinisation
- De-masculinisation
- Microarray
- Non-coding RNA
- lncRNA
- Tmem29
- Kdm5c
- X-chromosome
- Genetics
- Biologi med inriktning mot zoologisk utvecklingsbiologi
- Biology with specialization in Molecular Biology
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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