Depression and distress in Swedish fathers during the postnatal period.

• Objective / Background To validate the Swedish version of the EPDS for fathers and to investigate the factor structure of the scale for both mothers and fathers. We also wanted to study the prevalence and corre- lates of depressive symptoms in fathers, and the help-seeking preferences of fathers with depressive symptoms. Methods A population-based sample of 1,014 couples were sent a questionnaire including the EPDS 3 months after the birth of their child. All high-scoring fathers and a random sample of low-scoring fathers were interviewed with a diagnostic interview. Results A factor analysis of the EPDS for fathers implies that the scale picks up more of worry, anxiety and unhappiness than depres- sion. The scale yielded high sensitivity and specificity, but a low PPV when screening for probable majo r depression in fathers. The point prevalence of depressive symptoms (EPDS 12 or more) was 6.3 % in fathers and 12.0 % in mothers. For fathers, the estimated point prevalence of major depression was 1.3 %. The strongest correlates of depressive symptoms in fath ers were: problems in the couple relationship, a history of depression, and experiencing two or more stressful life events during the past year. Conclusion / Discussion The EPDS seems to pick up more of general distress than depression in fathers. It is a valid instrument when screening for probable major depression in fathers, but questionable for minor depression. When signs of partner relationship difficulties are picked up, this should be followed up and appropriate referrals offered.

Ämnesord

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Psychology (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Other Medical and Health Sciences (hsv//eng)

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