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The advantages of s...
The advantages of standardizing exhaled breath-alcohol concentration to a reference respiratory gas—water vapor
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- Lindberg, Lars (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Anestesiologi och intensivvård,Sektion II,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Lund,Medicinska fakulteten,Anesthesiology and Intensive Care,Section II,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund,Faculty of Medicine,Skåne University Hospital,Lund Univ, Sweden
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- Jones, A Wayne (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Linköping University,Avdelningen för klinisk kemi och farmakologi,Medicinska fakulteten
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-11-23
- 2023
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Journal of Breath Research. - : IOP Publishing. - 1752-7155 .- 1752-7163. ; 17:1
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Measuring the concentration of alcohol (ethanol) in exhaled breath (BrAC) provides a rapid and non-invasive way to determine the co-existing concentration in arterial blood (A-BAC). The results of breath-alcohol testing are used worldwide as evidence of excessive drinking, such as when traffic offenders are prosecuted. Two types of breath-alcohol analyzer are in common use; hand-held instruments used as preliminary screening tests of sobriety and more sophisticated evidential instruments, the results of which are accepted as evidence for prosecution of drunken drivers. Most evidential breath-alcohol analyzers are designed to capture the last portion of a prolonged exhalation, which is thought to reflect the alcohol concentration in substantially alveolar air. The basic premise of breath-alcohol analysis is that there is a physiological relationship between A-BAC and BrAC and close agreement between the two analytical methods. This article reviews the principles and practice of breath-alcohol analysis and introduces the concept of standardizing the results to a secondary physiological gas (water vapor), which therefore serves as an internal standard. The measured BrAC is thus adjusted to an alveolar air water content of 43.95 mg l−1 at 37 °C. This has several advantages, and means that a sample of breath can be captured without the person having to blow directly into the instrument. Adjusting the breath-alcohol concentration to water vapor concentration also compensates for variations in temperature of the expired air. The contact-free method of sampling breath means that a mouthpiece is unnecessary and the test subject does not need to make a continuous end exhalation.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Anestesi och intensivvård (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Atom- och molekylfysik och optik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- alcohol
- breath-alcohol
- ethanol
- infrared technology
- respiratory gases
- standardization
- water-vapor
- alcohol; breath-alcohol; ethanol; infrared technology; respiratory gases; standardization; water-vapor
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- for (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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