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MicroRNAs in islet ...
MicroRNAs in islet hormone secretion
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- Esguerra, Jonathan L.S. (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,-lup-obsolete,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - öcellsexocytos,LUDC (Lund University Diabetes Centre)-lup-obsolete,Lund University Research Groups,Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis
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- Nagao, Mototsugu (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,-lup-obsolete,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - öcellsexocytos,LUDC (Lund University Diabetes Centre)-lup-obsolete,Lund University Research Groups,Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis
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- Ofori, Jones K. (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,-lup-obsolete,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - öcellsexocytos,LUDC (Lund University Diabetes Centre)-lup-obsolete,Lund University Research Groups,Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis
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- Wendt, Anna (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,-lup-obsolete,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - öcellsexocytos,LUDC (Lund University Diabetes Centre)-lup-obsolete,Lund University Research Groups,Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis
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- Eliasson, Lena (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,-lup-obsolete,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - öcellsexocytos,LUDC (Lund University Diabetes Centre)-lup-obsolete,Lund University Research Groups,Diabetes - Islet Cell Exocytosis,Skåne University Hospital
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2018-09-19
- 2018
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. - : Wiley. - 1462-8902. ; 20:Suppl 2, s. 11-19
- Relaterad länk:
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http://dx.doi.org/10...
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https://lup.lub.lu.s...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Pancreatic islet hormone secretion is central in the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis. During development of hyperglycaemia, the β-cell is under pressure to release more insulin to compensate for increased insulin resistance. Failure of the β-cells to secrete enough insulin results in type 2 diabetes (T2D). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules suitable for rapid regulation of the changes in target gene expression needed in β-cell adaptations. Moreover, miRNAs are involved in the maintenance of α-cell and β-cell phenotypic identities via cell-specific, or cell-enriched expression. Although many of the abundant miRNAs are highly expressed in both cell types, recent research has focused on the role of miRNAs in β-cells. It has been shown that highly abundant miRNAs, such as miR-375, are involved in several cellular functions indispensable in maintaining β-cell phenotypic identity, almost acting as “housekeeping genes” in the context of hormone secretion. Despite the abundance and importance of miR-375, it has not been shown to be differentially expressed in T2D islets. On the contrary, the less abundant miRNAs such as miR-212/miR-132, miR-335, miR-130a/b and miR-152 are deregulated in T2D islets, wherein the latter three miRNAs were shown to play key roles in regulating β-cell metabolism. In this review, we focus on β-cell function and describe miRNAs involved in insulin biosynthesis and processing, glucose uptake and metabolism, electrical activity and Ca2+-influx and exocytosis of the insulin granules. We present current status on miRNA regulation in α-cells, and finally we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in β-cell dysfunction underlying T2D pathogenesis.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- exocytosis
- glucagon
- insulin
- metabolism
- microRNA
- α-cell
- β-cell
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- for (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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