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Incomes and Income ...
Incomes and Income Inequality in Stockholm, 1870–1970: Evidence from Micro Data
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- Bengtsson, Erik (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Tillväxt, teknologisk förändring och ojämlikhet,Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen,Ekonomihögskolan,Growth, technological change, and inequality,Department of Economic History,Lund University School of Economics and Management, LUSEM
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- Molinder, Jakob (författare)
- Uppsala University: Department of Economic History
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2023
- 2023
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Explorations in Economic History. - 0014-4983.
- Relaterad länk:
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http://dx.doi.org/10... (free)
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https://lup.lub.lu.s...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- This paper analyzes incomes and income inequality in Stockholm from 1870 to 1970. The paper builds on a new dataset of 38,022 randomly sampled Stockholm residents 1870–1950, with information on income, occupation, age, gender, and household composition. This is complemented by the Census of 1930 and a Statistics Sweden sample for 1960 and 1970. Incomes were very unequally distributed between 1870 and 1920, with Gini coefficients of pre-tax income around sixty. After 1920 inequality fell quite steadily. A drop in capital incomes contributed, and when looking at post-tax incomes the growth of progressive taxation after 1930 also contributed, but most of the high inequality up to 1920 and equalization after this date depended on the distribution of labour income. In the early 1900s professional groups had huge income advantages over workers, but this advantage was drastically reduced after 1920 when working-class incomes grew rapidly. An important mechanism of income growth was the upgrading of the jobs structure, highlighting the importance of structural change, beyond the Kuznetsian binary of agriculture–manufacturing, for understanding long-run economic inequality.
- This paper analyzes incomes and income inequality in Stockholm from 1870 to 1970. The paper builds on a new dataset of 38,022 randomly sampled Stockholm residents 1870–1950, with information on income, occupation, age, gender, and household composition. This is complemented by the Census of 1930 and a Statistics Sweden sample for 1960 and 1970. Incomes were very unequally distributed between 1870 and 1920, with Gini coefficients of pre-tax income around sixty. After 1920 inequality fell quite steadily. A drop in capital incomes contributed, and when looking at post-tax incomes the growth of progressive taxation after 1930 also contributed, but most of the high inequality up to 1920 and equalization after this date depended on the distribution of labour income. In the early 1900s professional groups had huge income advantages over workers, but this advantage was drastically reduced after 1920 when working-class incomes grew rapidly. An important mechanism of income growth was the upgrading of the jobs structure, highlighting the importance of structural change, beyond the Kuznetsian binary of agriculture–manufacturing, for understanding long-run economic inequality.
Ämnesord
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Ekonomi och näringsliv -- Ekonomisk historia (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Economics and Business -- Economic History (hsv//eng)
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Ekonomi och näringsliv -- Nationalekonomi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Economics and Business -- Economics (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- inequality
- incomes
- income distribution
- Stockholm
- Sweden
- gender gap
- tax data
- D31
- N33
- N34
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- art (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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