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- Axia, Giovanna, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural influences on temperament: A comparison of Italian. Italo-Australian and Anglo-australian toddlers.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Australian psychologist. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0005-0067 .- 1742-9544. ; 27, s. 52-56-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The temperament of three groups of 1- to 3-year-old children from Italy and Australia was compared using Australian and Italian versions of the Toddler Temperament Scale (Fullard, McDevitt,&Carey,1984). Italians, Australians, and Italo-Australians (Italian parent but living in Australia) differed on Intensity, Threshold, Approach, and Persistence dimensions of temperament, in ways which supported the stereotype of the sociable and “emotional” Italian temperament type. Overall, the Australians and the Italians were most different, with the Italo-Australians in between. Developmental differences in all groups were also observed. Mothers’ overall ratings of the child’s temperament was predicted by similar variables in the two Australian groups, but not in the Italian group. The findings support an interactional view of child temperament in its effects on development.
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- De Witte, H, et al.
(författare)
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Review of 30 Years of Longitudinal Studies on the Association Between Job Insecurity and Health and Well-Being : Is There Causal Evidence?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Australian psychologist. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0005-0067 .- 1742-9544. ; 51:1, s. 18-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In this review article, we present an overview of the results of longitudinal studies on the consequences of job insecurity for healthand well-being. We discuss the evidence for normal causation (“Does job insecurity influence outcomes?”), reversed causation (“Do specificoutcomes predict job insecurity?”), and reciprocal causation. We also review the various theories used to develop the hypotheses and whethertheory has been used at all.Method: Scientific and scholarly databases were searched to find all existing articles. We found 57 longitudinal studies published since 1987 ina variety of countries throughout the world. All articles were summarised in an encompassing table.Results: The results show strong evidence for normal causation, in which job insecurity influences both psychological well-being and somatichealth over time. The results were somewhat dependent on the type of outcome variable analysed, with clear evidence regarding exhaustion(burnout), general mental/psychological well-being, self-rated health, and a variety of somatic complaints. For aspects such as job satisfaction,work engagement, and psychosomatic complaints, the results suggested normal causation in one half to two thirds of the studies only. Reversedor reciprocal causation was rarely studied, and when studied, rarely found.Conclusions: Job insecurity influences health and well-being over time, rather than the other way round. Limitations and suggestions for futureresearch are discussed.
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- Delfabbro, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Who is doing well : Age 15 predictors of psychological and physical health in young adulthood
- 2019
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Ingår i: Australian psychologist. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0005-0067 .- 1742-9544. ; 54:2, s. 114-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveAccording to Diener (1984), wellbeing is a multi-faceted concept reflecting satisfaction with life, good physical health, and fewer negative psychological symptoms. Using data from a 10-year longitudinal study of school leavers (n = 390), we examine whether people aged 25 can be differentiated into clusters based on indicators of wellbeing, then whether membership in the healthy as opposed to the less healthy cluster can be predicted by age 15 variables.MethodTested predictor variables at age 15 captured the major influences in Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory (1979) including individual, family, and social influences. Young adults (age 25) were differentiated into two clusters based on indicators of mental health and subjective wellbeing.ResultsPoorer health, self-image, family functioning, and peer relations at age 15 predicted poorer overall wellbeing at age 25.ConclusionsResults underscore the potential value of psychological support for adolescents within the school environment and the early identification of individuals at risk of problems which may persist into adulthood.
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- Henje Blom, Eva, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the self-compassion scale for youth
- 2024
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Ingår i: Australian psychologist. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0005-0067 .- 1742-9544. ; 59:1, s. 24-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Compassion-focused interventions for young people have started to emerge to treat depressive symptoms, and reliable and valid measures of the construct “self-compassion” is needed for this age-group in Swedish. This study aims to validate the Swedish translation of the Self-Compassion Scale for Youth (SCS-Y).Method: Self-report questionnaires were collected from students (N = 316) aged 15–20 recruited from schools in Sweden, in a cross-sectional design. Confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement invariance and convergent and divergent validity were calculated.Results: A model with one general bi-factor and six specific factors had the best fit and confirmed the factor structure of SCS-Y. Internal consistencies were good, except for the subscale mindfulness for boys which was questionable. Three-week test-retest reliability was good. We found measurement invariance for age and no equivalence for sex. Evidence was found for convergent and divergent validity using correlations. Sex differences were found: girls scored higher on self-judgement, feelings of isolation and showed more over-identification, than boys.Conclusions: The Swedish version of SCS-Y (SCS-Y-SE) is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire, with some limitations, to assess self-compassion in clinical practice and research.
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