| 1. |
- Sjöholm, Fredrik, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Foreign Networks and Exports : Results from Indonesian Panel Data
- 2008
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In: Developing economies. - : Wiley. - 0012-1533 .- 1746-1049. ; 46:4, s. 428-446
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most firms and plants in developing countries produce only for the domestic market and few are able to export. One plausible hypothesis is that foreign networks decrease export costs and that plants with large amounts of such networks will be relatively likely to start exporting. We focus on two types of foreign networks: foreign ownership and imports of intermediate products. Our results suggest that plants in Indonesian manufacturing with any foreign ownership are substantially more likely to start exporting than wholly domestically owned plants. The results remain robust to alternative model specifications and after controlling for other plant characteristics. There is no effect on exports of imports of intermediate products.
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| 2. |
- Durevall, Dick, 1954, et al.
(author)
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Adult Mortality, AIDS, and Fertility in Rural Malawi
- 2016
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In: The Developing Economies. - : Wiley. - 0012-1533 .- 1746-1049. ; 54:3, s. 215-242
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The future course of fertility is a major determinant of economic development in many sub-Saharan countries, so understanding how HIV/AIDS affects childbearing is of great interest. We show that fertility responds negatively to female mortality and positively to male mortality and that the overall fertility response is small. The negative effect of female mortality is in line with earlier studies that only focus on women and their infection and mortality risks, while the finding of a positive effect of adult-male mortality is novel. One interpretation of this finding is that women who perceive a high risk of their husbands’ or grown-up sons’ deaths are likely to want to have more children to ensure future support.
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| 3. |
- Charron, Nicholas
(author)
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Exploring the Impact of Foreign Aid on Corruption – Has the ‘Anti-Corruption’ Movement Been Effective?
- 2011
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In: Developing Economies. - : Wiley. - 0012-1533. ; 49:1, s. 66-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- : Though many studies have referred to an ‘anti-corruption movement’ beginning in the 1990’s by major international organizations, none has empirically tested its effectiveness on corruption. The data show that from 1997 on, the impact of multilateral aid is strongly and robustly associated with lower corruption levels, while bilateral aid is shown to be an insignificant determinant. An increase in any ODA pre-1997 is associated with higher levels of corruption or has no impact at all. Using panel data from 1986-2006, this study reveals a more nuanced relationship between ODA and corruption than in previous studies and demonstrates that when disaggregating the time periods, there are sensitive temporal effects of ODA’s effect on corruption overlooked by earlier studies, and provides initial evidence of the effectiveness of the international organization (IO), anti-corruption movement in the developing world.
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| 4. |
- Congdon Fors, Heather, 1975
(author)
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Social Globalization and Child Labor: A Cross-country Analysis
- 2014
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In: Developing economies. - : Wiley. - 0012-1533. ; 52:2, s. 125-153
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While much of the research on child labor focuses on household level factors, macroeconomic factors, such as globalization, have gained increasing attention. This paper contributes to the literature on the role of globalization in child labor by examining a specific aspect of globalization, namely social globalization. The results of the empirical analysis indicate that social globalization does have a significant negative impact on the average incidence of child labor in the cross-country sample of developing countries. This contrasts with the existing literature on economic globalization and child labor, where, in many cases, no significant effect is found.
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| 5. |
- Bejarano, Maria D., et al.
(author)
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Traits of riparian woody plants responding to hydrological and hydraulic conditions : A Northern Swedish database
- 2016
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In: Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0012-9658 .- 1939-9170. ; 97:10, s. 2892-2892
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main goal of this study was to create a database that ultimately serves further studies on riparian vegetation and flow response guilds in the boreal region and on transferability of results across different regions. To achieve this aim, we compiled traits for all woody riparian species in northern Sweden which, directly or indirectly, underlie their responses to hydrological and hydraulic conditions, between October 2012 and April 2015. Consulted sources of information were diverse, ranging from scientific to informative and whose accuracy might or might not be verified. They were focused on particular or several traits and species from concrete areas to a worldwide perspective. Sources were characterized by different degrees of accessibility and showed a wide variety of descriptions, categorical and ordinal classifications, and numerical information for each trait. Our effort was to synthesize information for each trait from all sources into the common frame of our own database, following own defined criteria so that comparisons between species are congruent. Therefore, this data set is unique in that it comprehensively combines and homogenizes morphological, phenological, reproductive, and ecological data for 59 woody, riparian, boreal species and from 118 sources of information, that would otherwise be scattered and hardly available.
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| 6. |
- Merritt, David M., et al.
(author)
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Consequences of propagule dispersal and river fragmentation for riparian plant community diversity and turnover
- 2010
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In: Ecological Monographs. - : Wiley. - 0012-9615 .- 1557-7015. ; 80:4, s. 609-626
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The spatial distribution and temporal availability of propagules fundamentallyconstrain plant community development. This study experimentally tested several hypothesesabout the relative roles of wind and water dispersal in colonization and development ofriparian communities along rivers. Through controlling the source of propagules (dispersed bywind, water, or both) reaching newly created, bare river margin sites, we isolated the relativeroles of dispersal and other factors in plant community development over five years.Replicated treatments were established at 12 sites spanning 400 km along two adjacent riversin northern Sweden, one fragmented by a series of dams, the other free-flowing. Bare rivermargins receiving only water-dispersed propagules had significantly higher species richnesscompared to plots receiving only wind-dispersed propagules during the initial two years ofcolonization. Species richness increased annually throughout the study along tranquil andturbulent reaches of the free-flowing river but reached an asymptote at comparatively lowrichness after a single year on the impounded river. Propagule source strongly influencedspecies richness during the initial establishment along both rivers, with richness beingsignificantly higher in plots receiving water-dispersed seeds. This strong treatment effectcontinued to be important through time along the regulated river but diminished inimportance along the free-flowing river where other factors such as soil moisture, lightavailability, and exposure of sites to fluvial disturbance overshadowed the influence ofdispersal pathway in mediating species richness. This suggests that hydrochory (plantdispersal by water) may be more important for maintenance of diversity in regulated systemswhere long-distance dispersal is absent or negligible, but that the rich local propagule sourcealong free-flowing rivers supports high species richness. The number of unique species washigher in water-dispersal plots along both the regulated and free-flowing rivers. This resultsuggests that hydrochory may contribute to temporal variability of sites, may enhance richnessover time, and may have an important role in meta-population and meta-communitydynamics of plant communities through long-distance (and local) dispersal and chancecolonization. Our findings provide experimental evidence that water dispersal of plantpropagules influences colonization dynamics and is important for long-term communitydevelopment in riparian zones.
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